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ASTM C1586-05(2011)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Quality Assurance of Mortars

Standard Guide for Quality Assurance of Mortars

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This document is intended to provide guidance and clarification to designers, specifiers, inspectors, testing agencies, producers, and users in specifying and evaluating masonry mortar.
Users of documents Specification C270 and Test Method C780 often confuse and sometimes inadvertently misuse parts of the two documents when specifying or evaluating masonry mortar. This guide seeks to address specific items within Specification C270 and Test Method C780 to help promote their proper use and interpretation.
SCOPE
1.1 This document provides guidance regarding the proper use of Specification C270 and Test Method C780 for evaluating masonry mortar produced in the laboratory and at the construction site.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2011
ICS
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C12 - Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry
Drafting Committee
C12.03 - Specifications for Mortars
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1586-05 - Standard Guide for Quality Assurance of Mortars
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Replaced By
ASTM C1586-17 - Standard Guide for Quality Assurance of Mortars
Effective Date
15-Dec-2017
Referred By
ASTM C1180-22 - Standard Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM C270-19ae1 - Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM C1714/C1714M-23 - Standard Specification for Preblended Dry Mortar Mix for Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM C780-23 - Standard Test Methods for Preconstruction and Construction Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011

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ASTM C1586-05(2011) - Standard Guide for Quality Assurance of Mortars
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1586 − 05 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Guide for
Quality Assurance of Mortars
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1586; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope volumetricproportionsofcementitiousmaterialsandaggregate
as set forth in Table 1, Proportion Specifications, of Specifica-
1.1 This document provides guidance regarding the proper
tion C270 for the Type of mortar specified. This procedure of
use of Specification C270 and Test Method C780 for evaluat-
specifying mortar requires no sampling and testing of mortar,
ing masonry mortar produced in the laboratory and at the
and hence, no measurement of mortar properties in the labo-
construction site.
ratory or the field is required. All that is necessary is field
2. Referenced Documents confirmation of the proper proportions of the mixes used in
2 construction.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C144 Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar
4.3 Property Specifications—These Specifications require
C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
testing of laboratory-prepared mortar for compliance with the
C780 Test Method for Preconstruction and Construction
requirements of Table 2, Property Specifications, of Specifica-
Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit
tion C270 for the Type of mortar specified.
Masonry
4.3.1 The Property Specifications require evaluation of a
mortar with a consistency (flow) of 110 6 5 %. This is an
3. Significance and Use
arbitrarily established mortar consistency that is used to
3.1 This document is intended to provide guidance and
approximate the water content of mortar after it is placed in a
clarification to designers, specifiers, inspectors, testing
masonry assemblage with absorbent masonry units. The
agencies, producers, and users in specifying and evaluating
amount of water required in mortar produced at the construc-
masonry mortar.
tion site is normally greater than the amount used for Specifi-
cation C270 Property Specifications testing.
3.2 Users of documents Specification C270 and Test
4.3.2 Do not use the Specification C270 Property Specifi-
Method C780 often confuse and sometimes inadvertently
cations requirements to evaluate construction site-produced
misuse parts of the two documents when specifying or evalu-
mortars. Due to the higher amount of water necessary for
ating masonry mortar. This guide seeks to address specific
actual masonry construction, mortar produced and sampled in
items within Specification C270 andTest Method C780 to help
the field will typically have lower compressive strength than
promote their proper use and interpretation.
that produced in the laboratory per Specification C270.
4. Specifying Masonry Mortar
4.3.3 When mortar is specified by the Property
4.1 Use Specification C270 to specify masonry mortar by Specifications, the quantities of cementitious materials and
either the Proportion or Property Specifications of that aggregates as determined through laboratory testing are con-
standard, but not both. If neither the Proportion nor Property verted to volumetric proportions to produce masonry mortar at
specification is given, Specification C270 the Proportion speci- the construction site.
fication to be used.
5. Quality Assurance of Masonry Mortar
4.2 Proportion Specifications—These Specifications direct
the mason to produce the masonry mortar using designated
5.1 Mortar Materials—Verify that individual mortar mate-
rials being used meet the ASTM Standards listed under the
Materials Section of Specification C270. Compliance is typi-
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and
Grouts for Unit Masonryand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C12.03 on
cally verified by submission of a letter of certification or test
Specifications for Mortars.
report for each mortar material.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
NOTE 1—If any of the materials used do not comply with the material
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C1586 – 05. DOI:
requirements of Specification C270, the Proportion Specifications can not
10.1520/C1586-05R11.
be used. Specification C270 specifically permits the use of masonry sands
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
that do not comply with the gradation requirements of Specification C144
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on provided that the Property Specifications of Specification C270 are used
the ASTM website. rather than the Proportion Specifications.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1586 − 05 (2011)
5.2 Property Specifications—Verify that the tested proper- and laboratory-produced mortars. Furthermore, mortar com-
ties of the labora
...

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ASTM C1384-23(Specification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than the prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar. Admixtures are classified by their effect on the performance characteristics of conventional masonry mortars. Admixed mortars are classified by their modified properties, as compared to a reference mortar. The following classifications are recognized: bond enhancer, workability enhancer, set accelerator, set retarder, and water repellent. The materials to be used include Portland cement, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, masonry cement, mortar cement, lime, and sand. Different test methods shall be implemented in order to determine the following properties: soluble chloride content, compressive strength, water retention, air content of plastic mortar, board life, time of setting, flexural bond strength, and rate of water absorption.
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1.1 This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than Specification C270 prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar.  
1.2 This specification does not cover coloring pigments.
Note 1: Information on coloring pigments can be found in Specification C979/C979M.  
1.3 This specification does not cover additives that are added to the cementitious materials during the manufacture of the cementitious materials.  
1.4 Acceptance of an admixture is based on its performance in an admixed mortar. Acceptance of the admixed masonry mortar is based on attainment of performance either equivalent to that required for conventional mortar or improved performance of one or more indicated properties, while maintaining required performance levels for other properties.  
1.5 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
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ASTM C1714/C1714M-23(Specification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers unit masonry mortars whose material and design requirements are governed by a referenced ASTM document stated herein, but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site. Because field sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars, this specification particularly addresses these issues, along with the tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortars.
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1.1 This specification covers masonry mortars whose materials and design requirements are governed by Specification C270 but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site.  
1.2 The field-sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and the traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars and this standard specifically addresses these issues. The tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortar is also covered.  
1.3 The text of this specification refers to notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered the requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)  
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ASTM C780-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Preconstruction and Construction Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit Masonry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
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1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—These test methods permit comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. They are also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
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1.1 This specification covers mortar for the repair of masonry constructed with methods and materials that pre-date the origination of current standards of construction. The mortar may be used for non-structural purposes such as repointing of the masonry, or for structural purposes such as, but not restricted to, re-construction or repair of mortar joints that contribute to the structural integrity of the masonry.  
1.2 Masonry includes the following units laid in mortar: (1) cast stone, (2) clay brick and tile, (3) concrete masonry, (4) natural stone, (5) terra cotta, and (6) calcium silicate.  
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4.1 This test method provides a laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption properties over time of mortars used for masonry construction. Because the specimens are made under laboratory conditions and do not take into account the effect of the masonry substrate or field mixing procedures, this method is not intended for field use. Data generated from this test method may be useful for determining the relative effectiveness of water repellent admixtures or the effect of other admixtures or mortar components on the water repellency of a mortar. However, use caution in interpreting the results. While the resistance of masonry to water penetration may be related to the water absorption of the mortar, it also depends on other factors, such as the workmanship, extent of bond, and the properties of the masonry units and mortar.
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1.1 This test method covers a standardized laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption by capillary uptake (wicking) characteristics of masonry mortars. This test method is not applicable for determining the effectiveness of water repellent coatings.  
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1.3.1 Inch-pound units are given in parentheses for temperature specification and are for information only.  
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1.1 This terminology covers terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols specifically associated with standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry.  
1.2 The definitions and descriptions of terms in this terminology pertain to Test Methods C780, C1019, C1148, C1324, and C1403; Specifications C144, C270, C404, C476, C887, and C1384; Practice C946; and Guide C1586.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of mortar for components of masonry mortar. These components may include portland cement, hydrated calcitic or dolomitic lime, masonry cement, aggregates, and air.  
4.2 The test method consists of procedures and sub-procedures, each requiring a substantial degree of petrographic and chemical skills and relatively elaborate instrumentation.  
4.3 The chemical data considered together with results of petrographic examination of a mortar provide for calculation of component proportions and thus allow a determination of mortar composition as represented by Types M, N, S, and O in Table 1 (Proportion Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.4 Failure of a mortar to have the composition of any type as defined in Table 1 of Specification C270 does not necessarily mean that the mortar does not meet the requirements of Specification C270. The mortar may meet the alternative requirements of Table 2 (Property Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.5 The maleic acid method of analysis is not applicable for the analysis of mortar because it is greatly influenced by carbonation and does not provide for the determination of calcium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of samples of masonry mortars. Based upon such examination and analysis, proportions of components in masonry mortars can be determined.
Note 1: This method is also applicable to hydraulic cement-based stucco and plaster. Some historic mortars may contain non-resolvable constituents that may interfere. However, significant information may be obtained by petrographic examinations.  
1.2 Interpretations and calculations of chemical results are dependent upon results of the petrographic examination. The use of the chemical results alone is contrary to the requirements of this test method.  
1.3 Procedures for sampling, petrographic examination, chemical analysis, and calculations of component proportions are given in the following sections:    
Section  
Sampling  
7  
Petrographic examination  
8  
Chemical analysis  
9  
Mortar proportion calculations  
10  
Report  
11  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM C1019-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Sampling and Testing Grout for Masonry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Grout used in masonry is a fluid mixture of cementitious materials and aggregate with a high water content for ease of placement.  
3.1.1 During construction, grout is placed within or between absorptive masonry units. Excess water must be removed from grout specimens in order to provide compressive strength test results more nearly indicative of the grout strength in the wall. In this test method, molds are made from masonry units having the same absorption and moisture content characteristics as those being used in the construction.  
3.2 This test method is used to either help select grout proportions by comparing test values or as a quality control test for uniformity of grout preparation during construction.  
3.3 The physical exposure condition and curing of the grout are not exactly reproduced, but this test method does subject the grout specimens to absorption conditions similar to those experienced by grout in the wall.
Note 2: Test results of grout specimens taken from a wall should not be compared to test results obtained with this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field and laboratory sampling and compression testing of grout used in masonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified under Specification C476.
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ASTM C1586-20(Guide)
Standard Guide for Quality Assurance of Mortars

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This document is intended to provide guidance and clarification to designers, specifiers, inspectors, testing agencies, producers, and users in specifying and evaluating masonry mortar.  
3.2 Users of documents Specification C270 and Test Method C780 often confuse and sometimes inadvertently misuse parts of the two documents when specifying or evaluating masonry mortar. This guide seeks to address specific items within Specification C270 and Test Method C780 to help promote their proper use and interpretation.
SCOPE
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