C12 - Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aggregates used for masonry grout. Aggregates should consist of either natural or manufactured sand, used alone or in combination with course aggregates. The course aggregates should be made up of crushed stone, gravel, or processed air-cooled iron blast-furnace slag with suitable particle shapes. Both fine and course aggregates should meet the particle size requirements, contain the right amount of deleterious substances and pass the soundness tests. Fine aggregates should be free from injurious amounts of organic impurities.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aggregate for use in grout for masonry.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 9 of the standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than the prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar. Admixtures are classified by their effect on the performance characteristics of conventional masonry mortars. Admixed mortars are classified by their modified properties, as compared to a reference mortar. The following classifications are recognized: bond enhancer, workability enhancer, set accelerator, set retarder, and water repellent. The materials to be used include Portland cement, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, masonry cement, mortar cement, lime, and sand. Different test methods shall be implemented in order to determine the following properties: soluble chloride content, compressive strength, water retention, air content of plastic mortar, board life, time of setting, flexural bond strength, and rate of water absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than Specification C270 prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar.  
1.2 This specification does not cover coloring pigments.
Note 1: Information on coloring pigments can be found in Specification C979/C979M.  
1.3 This specification does not cover additives that are added to the cementitious materials during the manufacture of the cementitious materials.  
1.4 Acceptance of an admixture is based on its performance in an admixed mortar. Acceptance of the admixed masonry mortar is based on attainment of performance either equivalent to that required for conventional mortar or improved performance of one or more indicated properties, while maintaining required performance levels for other properties.  
1.5 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 2: The testing laboratory performing the test methods referenced in this specification should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers unit masonry mortars whose material and design requirements are governed by a referenced ASTM document stated herein, but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site. Because field sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars, this specification particularly addresses these issues, along with the tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortars.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers masonry mortars whose materials and design requirements are governed by Specification C270 but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site.  
1.2 The field-sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and the traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars and this standard specifically addresses these issues. The tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortar is also covered.  
1.3 The text of this specification refers to notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered the requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both these test methods and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—These test methods permit comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. They are also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of these methods in the field provide a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. They include methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under these test methods are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific ...

ABSTRACT
This practice covers material, workmanship, and construction procedures for applying surface bonded mortar to both sides of dry stacked concrete masonry units. Mortar shall be mixed and shall be selected in accordance with the proportion specification prescribed. Shims shall be corrosion-resistant metal or plastic with a required minimum compressive strength. Courses of concrete masonry units between the leveling courses shall be placed without mortar on the bed or head joints. Place units in running bond. Remove burrs and butt blocks tightly. Use shims, mortar, or surface bonding mortar to plum and level individual units when necessary. Use clean mixing equipment and water free of deleterious amounts of acid, alkali, and organic materials. Mix only full bag multiples of material to overcome any segregation of ingredients. Mixing time shall be kept to a minimum, as over mixing may cause damage to the fibers. Before applying surface bonding mortar, wet the wall uniformly with water to prevent excessive suction of water from the surface bonding mortar. Trowel- or spray-apply surface bonding mortar to both sides of dry-stacked concrete masonry units. When a second coat of surface bonding mortar is to be applied, the first coat shall have taken its initial set. Dampen the wall with a water mist after a specified time, but within a day of application of surface bonding mortar. The top of the walls shall be covered with a nonstaining, waterproof covering to prevent moisture from entering the wall until the top is permanently protected.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers material, workmanship, and construction procedures for applying surface bonded mortar to both sides of dry stacked concrete masonry units. It does not include grout, reinforcing, anchorage, or control joints since their use is essentially the same as conventional concrete masonry construction, unless specifically mentioned in this practice.  
Note 1: Design and construction procedures for conventional concrete masonry construction are found in Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (TMS 402-16) and Specification for Masonry Structures (TMS 602-16).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mortar for the repair of masonry constructed with methods and materials that pre-date the origination of current standards of construction. The mortar may be used for non-structural purposes such as repointing of the masonry, or for structural purposes such as, but not restricted to, re-construction or repair of mortar joints that contribute to the structural integrity of the masonry.  
1.2 Masonry includes the following units laid in mortar: (1) cast stone, (2) clay brick and tile, (3) concrete masonry, (4) natural stone, (5) terra cotta, and (6) calcium silicate.  
1.3 This specification may be used to pre-qualify mortar for a project.  
1.4 Mortars tested using this specification are laboratory-prepared mortars and do not represent in-place, site mortars.  
1.5 This specification provides a basis for the design of an appropriate mortar formulation based upon performance, material and aesthetic requirements. Use of this specification requires a thorough understanding of the function, maintenance, and repair requirements for the preservation and continued performance of the masonry assembly in the context of the assembly’s structure, water management, and long-term performance.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Grout is specified by proportions or strength requirements. Materials used as ingredients in grout shall conform to the requirements specified such as: cementitious materials; blended cements; quicklime; hydrated lime; coal fly ash or raw calcine natural pozzolan; granulated blast furnace slag; air-entraining admixtures; aggregates; water; pumping aids; antifreeze compounds; and storage of materials. Fine grout shall be manufactured with fine aggregates. Coarse grout shall be manufactured with a combination of coarse and fine aggregates. Proportions of ingredients shall be determined by grout proportion requirements and by the specified compressive strength. Materials for grout shall be measured in such a way that the required proportions of the grout materials are controlled and accurately measured. Grout shall be produced using one of the following procedures: grout materials mixed with water at the job site and ready-mixed grout transported to the job site.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Each type (fine and coarse) is further classified as conventional grout (requiring mechanical consolidation by puddling or vibration when placed) and self-consolidating grout (not requiring mechanical consolidation when placed). Conventional grout is specified by (1) proportions or (2) strength requirements. Self-consolidating grout is specified by strength requirements.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption properties over time of mortars used for masonry construction. Because the specimens are made under laboratory conditions and do not take into account the effect of the masonry substrate or field mixing procedures, this method is not intended for field use. Data generated from this test method may be useful for determining the relative effectiveness of water repellent admixtures or the effect of other admixtures or mortar components on the water repellency of a mortar. However, use caution in interpreting the results. While the resistance of masonry to water penetration may be related to the water absorption of the mortar, it also depends on other factors, such as the workmanship, extent of bond, and the properties of the masonry units and mortar.
Note 1: This test method is specified in Specification C1384 for demonstrating compliance of mortar admixtures classified as Water Repellent. In this compliance testing, the admixed mortar is compared to a reference mortar made with the same mortar materials except that it does not include the admixture. For quality control testing of water repellent preblended dry mortar mixes, the reference mortar is not typically available since the water repellent additive is added during the manufacturing process prior to bagging the final product. In these cases, the procedure in Annex A1 can be used to determine the relative resistance of the mortar to absorption by capillary uptake.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a standardized laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption by capillary uptake (wicking) characteristics of masonry mortars. This test method is not applicable for determining the effectiveness of water repellent coatings.  
1.2 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Inch-pound units are given in parentheses for temperature specification and are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols specifically associated with standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry.  
1.2 The definitions and descriptions of terms in this terminology pertain to Test Methods C780, C1019, C1148, C1324, and C1403; Specifications C144, C270, C404, C476, C887, and C1384; Practice C946; and Guide C1586.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of mortar for components of masonry mortar. These components may include portland cement, hydrated calcitic or dolomitic lime, masonry cement, aggregates, and air.  
4.2 The test method consists of procedures and sub-procedures, each requiring a substantial degree of petrographic and chemical skills and relatively elaborate instrumentation.  
4.3 The chemical data considered together with results of petrographic examination of a mortar provide for calculation of component proportions and thus allow a determination of mortar composition as represented by Types M, N, S, and O in Table 1 (Proportion Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.4 Failure of a mortar to have the composition of any type as defined in Table 1 of Specification C270 does not necessarily mean that the mortar does not meet the requirements of Specification C270. The mortar may meet the alternative requirements of Table 2 (Property Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.5 The maleic acid method of analysis is not applicable for the analysis of mortar because it is greatly influenced by carbonation and does not provide for the determination of calcium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of samples of masonry mortars. Based upon such examination and analysis, proportions of components in masonry mortars can be determined.
Note 1: This method is also applicable to hydraulic cement-based stucco and plaster. Some historic mortars may contain non-resolvable constituents that may interfere. However, significant information may be obtained by petrographic examinations.  
1.2 Interpretations and calculations of chemical results are dependent upon results of the petrographic examination. The use of the chemical results alone is contrary to the requirements of this test method.  
1.3 Procedures for sampling, petrographic examination, chemical analysis, and calculations of component proportions are given in the following sections:    
Section  
Sampling  
7  
Petrographic examination  
8  
Chemical analysis  
9  
Mortar proportion calculations  
10  
Report  
11  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Grout used in masonry is a fluid mixture of cementitious materials and aggregate with a high water content for ease of placement.  
3.1.1 During construction, grout is placed within or between absorptive masonry units. Excess water must be removed from grout specimens in order to provide compressive strength test results more nearly indicative of the grout strength in the wall. In this test method, molds are made from masonry units having the same absorption and moisture content characteristics as those being used in the construction.  
3.2 This test method is used to either help select grout proportions by comparing test values or as a quality control test for uniformity of grout preparation during construction.  
3.3 The physical exposure condition and curing of the grout are not exactly reproduced, but this test method does subject the grout specimens to absorption conditions similar to those experienced by grout in the wall.
Note 2: Test results of grout specimens taken from a wall should not be compared to test results obtained with this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field and laboratory sampling and compression testing of grout used in masonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified under Specification C476.
Note 1: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This document is intended to provide guidance and clarification to designers, specifiers, inspectors, testing agencies, producers, and users in specifying and evaluating masonry mortar.  
3.2 Users of documents Specification C270 and Test Method C780 often confuse and sometimes inadvertently misuse parts of the two documents when specifying or evaluating masonry mortar. This guide seeks to address specific items within Specification C270 and Test Method C780 to help promote their proper use and interpretation.
SCOPE
1.1 This document provides guidance regarding the proper use of Specification C270 and Test Method C780 for evaluating masonry mortar produced in the laboratory and at the construction site.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted. The materials used as ingredients shall consist of the following: cements which shall be a Portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, hydraulic cement, or masonry cement; Type S or SA hydrated lime; Class N, F, or S pozzolan; aggregates; glass fibers; and additives. Physical properties of the packaged materials shall conform to the flexural strength, compressive strength, time of setting, and water retention requirements. The net weight, amount of mixing water, unit weight, and yield of the surface bonding mortar shall be calculated and reported.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted.  
1.2 This specification does not cover design or application. Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendations.  
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification contains the recommended tests for evaluation of surface bonded masonry assemblages used to establish design loads for the composite wall.  
1.4 Appendix X2 through Appendix X5 of this specification contain additional tests that may be performed on surface bonding mortar.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This hazard statement applies only to Section 9 of this specification.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mortars for use in the construction of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures. Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property specifications. The property specification applies to mortar mixed to a specific flow in the laboratory. When neither proportion nor property specifications are specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications. This specification does not cover the determination of mortar strengths through field testing. The compressive strength values resulting from field tested mortars do not represent the compressive strength of mortar tested in the laboratory nor that of the mortar in the wall. Physical properties of field sampled mortar shall not be used to determine compliance to this specification and are not intended as criteria to determine the acceptance of rejection of the mortar. Compliance to this specification is verified by confirming that the materials used are as specified, meet the requirements as given, and added to the mixer in the proper proportions as described.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mortars for use in the construction of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures. Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property specifications.
Note 1: When the property specification is used to qualify masonry mortars, the testing agency performing the test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 The proportion or property specifications shall govern as specified.  
1.3 When neither proportion or property specifications are specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications.  
1.4 This standard is not a specification to determine mortar strengths through field testing (see Section 3).  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The terms used in this specification are identified in Terminologies C1180 and C1232.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods section of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aggregate for use in masonry mortar. Aggregate for use in masonry mortar shall consist of natural sand or manufactured sand. Manufactured sand is the product obtained by crushing stone, gravel, or air-cooled iron blast-furnace slag specially processed to ensure suitable gradation. Aggregate for use in masonry mortar shall be graded within the limits prescribed. The amount of deleterious substances in aggregate for masonry mortar, each determined on independent samples complying with the grading requirements. Except as herein provided, aggregate subjected to five cycles of the soundness test shall show a loss, weighted in accordance with the grading of a sample complying with the limitations set forth. A density test shall be performed. The air content of mortars shall be calculated.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aggregate for use in masonry mortar.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification addresses the material and performance requirements of thin-bed mortar used in the construction of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry. Materials used in the preparation of the thin-bed mortar shall conform to the requirements specified in referenced ASTM documents itemized herein. These materials include masonry cement, fine aggregates, Portland cement, hydrated lime, blended hydraulic cement, hydraulic cement, mortar cement, rapid hardening hydraulic cement, and adhesives. Properly sampled test specimens shall adhere to the minimum splitting tensile strength requirements specified for its class.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification applies to thin-bed mortar for autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry.  
1.2 The testing laboratory performing these test methods shall be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Grout is specified by proportions or strength requirements. Materials used as ingredients in grout shall conform to the requirements specified such as: cementitious materials; blended cements; quicklime; hydrated lime; coal fly ash or raw calcine natural pozzolan; granulated blast furnace slag; air-entraining admixtures; aggregates; water; pumping aids; antifreeze compounds; and storage of materials. Fine grout shall be manufactured with fine aggregates. Coarse grout shall be manufactured with a combination of coarse and fine aggregates. Proportions of ingredients shall be determined by grout proportion requirements and by the specified compressive strength. Materials for grout shall be measured in such a way that the required proportions of the grout materials are controlled and accurately measured. Grout shall be produced using one of the following procedures: grout materials mixed with water at the job site and ready-mixed grout transported to the job site.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Each type (fine and coarse) is further classified as conventional grout (requiring mechanical consolidation by puddling or vibration when placed) and self-consolidating grout (not requiring mechanical consolidation when placed). Conventional grout is specified by (1) proportions or (2) strength requirements. Self-consolidating grout is specified by strength requirements.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption properties over time of mortars used for masonry construction. Because the specimens are made under laboratory conditions and do not take into account the effect of the masonry substrate or field mixing procedures, this method is not intended for field use. Data generated from this test method may be useful for determining the relative effectiveness of water repellent admixtures or the effect of other admixtures or mortar components on the water repellency of a mortar. However, use caution in interpreting the results. While the resistance of masonry to water penetration may be related to the water absorption of the mortar, it also depends on other factors, such as the workmanship, extent of bond, and the properties of the masonry units and mortar.
Note 1: This test method is specified in Specification C1384 for demonstrating compliance of mortar admixtures classified as Water Repellent. In this compliance testing, the admixed mortar is compared to a reference mortar made with the same mortar materials except that it does not include the admixture. For quality control testing of water repellent preblended dry mortar mixes, the reference mortar is not typically available since the water repellent additive is added during the manufacturing process prior to bagging the final product. In these cases, the procedure in Annex A1 can be used to determine the relative resistance of the mortar to absorption by capillary uptake.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a standardized laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption by capillary uptake (wicking) characteristics of masonry mortars. This test method is not applicable for determining the effectiveness of water repellent coatings.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Inch-pound units are given in parentheses for temperature specification and are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both this test method and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—This test method permits comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. It is also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of this method in the field provides a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. It includes methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under this test method are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards state...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Grout is specified by proportions or strength requirements. Materials used as ingredients in grout shall conform to the requirements specified such as: cementitious materials; blended cements; quicklime; hydrated lime; coal fly ash or raw calcine natural pozzolan; granulated blast furnace slag; air-entraining admixtures; aggregates; water; pumping aids; antifreeze compounds; and storage of materials. Fine grout shall be manufactured with fine aggregates. Coarse grout shall be manufactured with a combination of coarse and fine aggregates. Proportions of ingredients shall be determined by grout proportion requirements and by the specified compressive strength. Materials for grout shall be measured in such a way that the required proportions of the grout materials are controlled and accurately measured. Grout shall be produced using one of the following procedures: grout materials mixed with water at the job site and ready-mixed grout transported to the job site.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Each type (fine and coarse) is further classified as conventional grout (requiring mechanical consolidation by puddling or vibration when placed) and self-consolidating grout (not requiring mechanical consolidation when placed). Conventional grout is specified by (1) proportions or (2) strength requirements. Self-consolidating grout is specified by strength requirements.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of mortar for components of masonry mortar. These components may include portland cement, hydrated calcitic or dolomitic lime, masonry cement, aggregates, and air.  
4.2 The test method consists of procedures and sub-procedures, each requiring a substantial degree of petrographic and chemical skills and relatively elaborate instrumentation.  
4.3 The chemical data considered together with results of petrographic examination of a mortar provide for calculation of component proportions and thus allow a determination of mortar composition as represented by Types M, N, S, and O in Table 1 (Proportion Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.4 Failure of a mortar to have the composition of any type as defined in Table 1 of Specification C270 does not necessarily mean that the mortar does not meet the requirements of Specification C270. The mortar may meet the alternative requirements of Table 2 (Property Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.5 The maleic acid method of analysis is not applicable for the analysis of mortar because it is greatly influenced by carbonation and does not provide for the determination of calcium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of samples of masonry mortars. Based upon such examination and analysis, proportions of components in masonry mortars can be determined.
Note 1: This method is also applicable to hydraulic cement-based stucco and plaster. Some historic mortars may contain non-resolvable constituents that may interfere. However, significant information may be obtained by petrographic examinations.  
1.2 Interpretations and calculations of chemical results are dependent upon results of the petrographic examination. The use of the chemical results alone is contrary to the requirements of this test method.  
1.3 Procedures for sampling, petrographic examination, chemical analysis, and calculations of component proportions are given in the following sections:    
Section  
Sampling  
7  
Petrographic examination  
8  
Chemical analysis  
9  
Mortar proportion calculations  
10  
Report  
11  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both this test method and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—This test method permits comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. It is also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of this method in the field provides a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. It includes methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under this test method are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards state...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted. The materials used as ingredients shall consist of the following: cements which shall be a Portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, hydraulic cement, or masonry cement; Type S or SA hydrated lime; Class N, F, or S pozzolan; aggregates; glass fibers; and additives. Physical properties of the packaged materials shall conform to the flexural strength, compressive strength, time of setting, and water retention requirements. The net weight, amount of mixing water, unit weight, and yield of the surface bonding mortar shall be calculated and reported.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted.  
1.2 This specification does not cover design or application. Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendations.  
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification contains the recommended tests for evaluation of surface bonded masonry assemblages used to establish design loads for the composite wall.  
1.4 Appendix X2 through Appendix X5 of this specification contain additional tests that may be performed on surface bonding mortar.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This hazard statement applies only to Section 9 of this specification.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Grout used in masonry is a fluid mixture of cementitious materials and aggregate with a high water content for ease of placement.  
3.1.1 During construction, grout is placed within or between absorptive masonry units. Excess water must be removed from grout specimens in order to provide compressive strength test results more nearly indicative of the grout strength in the wall. In this test method, molds are made from masonry units having the same absorption and moisture content characteristics as those being used in the construction.  
3.2 This test method is used to either help select grout proportions by comparing test values or as a quality control test for uniformity of grout preparation during construction.  
3.3 The physical exposure condition and curing of the grout are not exactly reproduced, but this test method does subject the grout specimens to absorption conditions similar to those experienced by grout in the wall.
Note 2: Test results of grout specimens taken from a wall should not be compared to test results obtained with this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field and laboratory sampling and compression testing of grout used in masonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified under Specification C476.
Note 1: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols specifically associated with standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry.  
1.2 The definitions and descriptions of terms in this terminology pertain to Test Methods C780, C1019, C1148, C1324, and C1403; Specifications C144, C270, C404, C476, C887, and C1384; Practice C946; and Guide C1586.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Grout is specified by proportions or strength requirements. Materials used as ingredients in grout shall conform to the requirements specified such as: cementitious materials; blended cements; quicklime; hydrated lime; coal fly ash or raw calcine natural pozzolan; granulated blast furnace slag; air-entraining admixtures; aggregates; water; pumping aids; antifreeze compounds; and storage of materials. Fine grout shall be manufactured with fine aggregates. Coarse grout shall be manufactured with a combination of coarse and fine aggregates. Proportions of ingredients shall be determined by grout proportion requirements and by the specified compressive strength. Materials for grout shall be measured in such a way that the required proportions of the grout materials are controlled and accurately measured. Grout shall be produced using one of the following procedures: grout materials mixed with water at the job site and ready-mixed grout transported to the job site.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Each type (fine and coarse) is further classified as conventional grout (requiring mechanical consolidation by puddling or vibration when placed) and self-consolidating grout (not requiring mechanical consolidation when placed). Conventional grout is specified by (1) proportions or (2) strength requirements. Self-consolidating grout is specified by strength requirements.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted. The materials used as ingredients shall consist of the following: cements which shall be a Portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, hydraulic cement, or masonry cement; Type S or SA hydrated lime; Class N, F, or S pozzolan; aggregates; glass fibers; and additives. Physical properties of the packaged materials shall conform to the flexural strength, compressive strength, time of setting, and water retention requirements. The net weight, amount of mixing water, unit weight, and yield of the surface bonding mortar shall be calculated and reported.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted.  
1.2 This specification does not cover design or application. Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendations.  
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification contains the recommended tests for evaluation of surface bonded masonry assemblages used to establish design loads for the composite wall.  
1.4 Appendix X2 through Appendix X5 of this specification contain additional tests that may be performed on surface bonding mortar.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This hazard statement applies only to Section 9 of this specification.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mortars for use in the construction of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures. Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property specifications. The property specification applies to mortar mixed to a specific flow in the laboratory. When neither proportion nor property specifications are specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications. This specification does not cover the determination of mortar strengths through field testing. The compressive strength values resulting from field tested mortars do not represent the compressive strength of mortar tested in the laboratory nor that of the mortar in the wall. Physical properties of field sampled mortar shall not be used to determine compliance to this specification and are not intended as criteria to determine the acceptance of rejection of the mortar. Compliance to this specification is verified by confirming that the materials used are as specified, meet the requirements as given, and added to the mixer in the proper proportions as described.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mortars for use in the construction of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures. Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property specifications.
Note 1: When the property specification is used to qualify masonry mortars, the testing agency performing the test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 The proportion or property specifications shall govern as specified.  
1.3 When neither proportion or property specifications are specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications.  
1.4 This standard is not a specification to determine mortar strengths through field testing (see Section 3).  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The terms used in this specification are identified in Terminologies C1180 and C1232.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods section of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers unit masonry mortars whose material and design requirements are governed by a referenced ASTM document stated herein, but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site. Because field sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars, this specification particularly addresses these issues, along with the tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortars.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers masonry mortars whose materials and design requirements are governed by Specification C270 but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site.  
1.2 The field-sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and the traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars and this standard specifically addresses these issues. The tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortar is also covered.  
1.3 The text of this specification refers to notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered the requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mortars for use in the construction of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures. Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property specifications. The property specification applies to mortar mixed to a specific flow in the laboratory. When neither proportion nor property specifications are specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications. This specification does not cover the determination of mortar strengths through field testing. The compressive strength values resulting from field tested mortars do not represent the compressive strength of mortar tested in the laboratory nor that of the mortar in the wall. Physical properties of field sampled mortar shall not be used to determine compliance to this specification and are not intended as criteria to determine the acceptance of rejection of the mortar. Compliance to this specification is verified by confirming that the materials used are as specified, meet the requirements as given, and added to the mixer in the proper proportions as described.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mortars for use in the construction of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures. Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property specifications.
Note 1: When the property specification is used to qualify masonry mortars, the testing agency performing the test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 The proportion or property specifications shall govern as specified.  
1.3 When neither proportion or property specifications are specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications.  
1.4 This standard is not a specification to determine mortar strengths through field testing (see Section 3).  
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The terms used in this specification are identified in Terminologies C1180 and C1232.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods section of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers masonry mortars whose materials and design requirements are governed by Specification C270 but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site.  
1.2 The field-sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and the traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars and this standard specifically addresses these issues. The tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortar is also covered.  
1.3 The text of this specification refers to notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered the requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This document is intended to provide guidance and clarification to designers, specifiers, inspectors, testing agencies, producers, and users in specifying and evaluating masonry mortar.  
3.2 Users of documents Specification C270 and Test Method C780 often confuse and sometimes inadvertently misuse parts of the two documents when specifying or evaluating masonry mortar. This guide seeks to address specific items within Specification C270 and Test Method C780 to help promote their proper use and interpretation.
SCOPE
1.1 This document provides guidance regarding the proper use of Specification C270 and Test Method C780 for evaluating masonry mortar produced in the laboratory and at the construction site.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols specifically associated with standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry.  
1.2 The definitions and descriptions of terms in this terminology pertain to Test Methods C780, C1019, C1148, C1324, and C1403; Specifications C144, C270, C404, C476, C887, C1142, and C1384; Practice C946; and Guide C1586.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aggregates used for masonry grout. Aggregates should consist of either natural or manufactured sand, used alone or in combination with course aggregates. The course aggregates should be made up of crushed stone, gravel, or processed air-cooled iron blast-furnace slag with suitable particle shapes. Both fine and course aggregates should meet the particle size requirements, contain the right amount of deleterious substances and pass the soundness tests. Fine aggregates should be free from injurious amounts of organic impurities.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aggregate for use in grout for masonry.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 9 of the standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both this test method and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—This test method permits comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. It is also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of this method in the field provides a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. It includes methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under this test method are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of Internatio...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both this test method and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—This test method permits comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. It is also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of this method in the field provides a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. It includes methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under this test method are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of Internatio...

ABSTRACT
This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than the prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar. Admixtures are classified by their effect on the performance characteristics of conventional masonry mortars. Admixed mortars are classified by their modified properties, as compared to a reference mortar. The following classifications are recognized: bond enhancer, workability enhancer, set accelerator, set retarder, and water repellent. The materials to be used include Portland cement, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, masonry cement, mortar cement, lime, and sand. Different test methods shall be implemented in order to determine the following properties: soluble chloride content, compressive strength, water retention, air content of plastic mortar, board life, time of setting, flexural bond strength, and rate of water absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than Specification C270 prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar.  
1.2 This specification does not cover coloring pigments.
Note 1: Information on coloring pigments can be found in Specification C979/C979M.  
1.3 This specification does not cover additives that are added to the cementitious materials during the manufacture of the cementitious materials.  
1.4 Acceptance of an admixture is based on its performance in an admixed mortar. Acceptance of the admixed masonry mortar is based on attainment of performance either equivalent to that required for conventional mortar or improved performance of one or more indicated properties, while maintaining required performance levels for other properties.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 2: The testing laboratory performing the test methods referenced in this specification should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than the prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar. Admixtures are classified by their effect on the performance characteristics of conventional masonry mortars. Admixed mortars are classified by their modified properties, as compared to a reference mortar. The following classifications are recognized: bond enhancer, workability enhancer, set accelerator, set retarder, and water repellent. The materials to be used include Portland cement, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, masonry cement, mortar cement, lime, and sand. Different test methods shall be implemented in order to determine the following properties: soluble chloride content, compressive strength, water retention, air content of plastic mortar, board life, time of setting, flexural bond strength, and rate of water absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than Specification C270 prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar.  
1.2 This specification does not cover coloring pigments.
Note 1: Information on coloring pigments can be found in Specification C979/C979M.  
1.3 This specification does not cover additives that are added to the cementitious materials during the manufacture of the cementitious materials.  
1.4 Acceptance of an admixture is based on its performance in an admixed mortar. Acceptance of the admixed masonry mortar is based on attainment of performance either equivalent to that required for conventional mortar or improved performance of one or more indicated properties, while maintaining required performance levels for other properties.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 2: The testing laboratory performing the test methods referenced in this specification should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice covers material, workmanship, and construction procedures for applying surface bonded mortar to both sides of dry stacked concrete masonry units. Mortar shall be mixed and shall be selected in accordance with the proportion specification prescribed. Shims shall be corrosion-resistant metal or plastic with a required minimum compressive strength. Courses of concrete masonry units between the leveling courses shall be placed without mortar on the bed or head joints. Place units in running bond. Remove burrs and butt blocks tightly. Use shims, mortar, or surface bonding mortar to plum and level individual units when necessary. Use clean mixing equipment and water free of deleterious amounts of acid, alkali, and organic materials. Mix only full bag multiples of material to overcome any segregation of ingredients. Mixing time shall be kept to a minimum, as over mixing may cause damage to the fibers. Before applying surface bonding mortar, wet the wall uniformly with water to prevent excessive suction of water from the surface bonding mortar. Trowel- or spray-apply surface bonding mortar to both sides of dry-stacked concrete masonry units. When a second coat of surface bonding mortar is to be applied, the first coat shall have taken its initial set. Dampen the wall with a water mist after a specified time, but within a day of application of surface bonding mortar. The top of the walls shall be covered with a nonstaining, waterproof covering to prevent moisture from entering the wall until the top is permanently protected.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers material, workmanship, and construction procedures for applying surface bonded mortar to both sides of dry stacked concrete masonry units. It does not include grout, reinforcing, anchorage, or control joints since their use is essentially the same as conventional concrete masonry construction, unless specifically mentioned in this practice.  
Note 1: Design and construction procedures for conventional concrete masonry construction are found in Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (TMS 402-16) and Specification for Masonry Structures (TMS 602-16).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Grout is specified by proportions or strength requirements. Materials used as ingredients in grout shall conform to the requirements specified such as: cementitious materials; blended cements; quicklime; hydrated lime; coal fly ash or raw calcine natural pozzolan; granulated blast furnace slag; air-entraining admixtures; aggregates; water; pumping aids; antifreeze compounds; and storage of materials. Fine grout shall be manufactured with fine aggregates. Coarse grout shall be manufactured with a combination of coarse and fine aggregates. Proportions of ingredients shall be determined by grout proportion requirements and by the specified compressive strength. Materials for grout shall be measured in such a way that the required proportions of the grout materials are controlled and accurately measured. Grout shall be produced using one of the following procedures: grout materials mixed with water at the job site and ready-mixed grout transported to the job site.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Each type (fine and coarse) is further classified as conventional grout (requiring mechanical consolidation by puddling or vibration when placed) and self-consolidating grout (not requiring mechanical consolidation when placed). Conventional grout is specified by (1) proportions or (2) strength requirements. Self-consolidating grout is specified by strength requirements.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Grout used in masonry is a fluid mixture of cementitious materials and aggregate with a high water content for ease of placement.  
3.1.1 During construction, grout is placed within or between absorptive masonry units. Excess water must be removed from grout specimens in order to provide compressive strength test results more nearly indicative of the grout strength in the wall. In this test method, molds are made from masonry units having the same absorption and moisture content characteristics as those being used in the construction.  
3.2 This test method is used to either help select grout proportions by comparing test values or as a quality control test for uniformity of grout preparation during construction.  
3.3 The physical exposure condition and curing of the grout are not exactly reproduced, but this test method does subject the grout specimens to absorption conditions similar to those experienced by grout in the wall.
Note 2: Test results of grout specimens taken from a wall should not be compared to test results obtained with this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field and laboratory sampling and compression testing of grout used in masonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified under Specification C476.
Note 1: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Grout used in masonry is a fluid mixture of cementitious materials and aggregate with a high water content for ease of placement.  
3.1.1 During construction, grout is placed within or between absorptive masonry units. Excess water must be removed from grout specimens in order to provide compressive strength test results more nearly indicative of the grout strength in the wall. In this test method, molds are made from masonry units having the same absorption and moisture content characteristics as those being used in the construction.  
3.2 This test method is used to either help select grout proportions by comparing test values or as a quality control test for uniformity of grout preparation during construction.  
3.3 The physical exposure condition and curing of the grout are not exactly reproduced, but this test method does subject the grout specimens to absorption conditions similar to those experienced by grout in the wall.
Note 2: Test results of grout specimens taken from a wall should not be compared to test results obtained with this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field and laboratory sampling and compression testing of grout used in masonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified under Specification C476.
Note 1: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aggregate for use in masonry mortar. Aggregate for use in masonry mortar shall consist of natural sand or manufactured sand. Manufactured sand is the product obtained by crushing stone, gravel, or air-cooled iron blast-furnace slag specially processed to ensure suitable gradation. Aggregate for use in masonry mortar shall be graded within the limits prescribed. The amount of deleterious substances in aggregate for masonry mortar, each determined on independent samples complying with the grading requirements. Except as herein provided, aggregate subjected to five cycles of the soundness test shall show a loss, weighted in accordance with the grading of a sample complying with the limitations set forth. A density test shall be performed. The air content of mortars shall be calculated.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aggregate for use in masonry mortar.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aggregates used for masonry grout. Aggregates should consist of either natural or manufactured sand, used alone or in combination with course aggregates. The course aggregates should be made up of crushed stone, gravel, or processed air-cooled iron blast-furnace slag with suitable particle shapes. Both fine and course aggregates should meet the particle size requirements, contain the right amount of deleterious substances and pass the soundness tests. Fine aggregates should be free from injurious amounts of organic impurities.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aggregate for use in grout for masonry.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8 of the standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This document is intended to provide guidance and clarification to designers, specifiers, inspectors, testing agencies, producers, and users in specifying and evaluating masonry mortar.  
3.2 Users of documents Specification C270 and Test Method C780 often confuse and sometimes inadvertently misuse parts of the two documents when specifying or evaluating masonry mortar. This guide seeks to address specific items within Specification C270 and Test Method C780 to help promote their proper use and interpretation.
SCOPE
1.1 This document provides guidance regarding the proper use of Specification C270 and Test Method C780 for evaluating masonry mortar produced in the laboratory and at the construction site.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than the prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar. Admixtures are classified by their effect on the performance characteristics of conventional masonry mortars. Admixed mortars are classified by their modified properties, as compared to a reference mortar. The following classifications are recognized: bond enhancer, workability enhancer, set accelerator, set retarder, and water repellent. The materials to be used include Portland cement, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, masonry cement, mortar cement, lime, and sand. Different test methods shall be implemented in order to determine the following properties: soluble chloride content, compressive strength, water retention, air content of plastic mortar, board life, time of setting, flexural bond strength, and rate of water absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to admixtures for masonry mortars. Admixtures are substances other than Specification C270 prescribed materials of water, aggregate, and cementitious materials that are used to improve one or more of the recognized desirable properties of conventional masonry mortar.  
1.2 This specification does not cover coloring pigments.
Note 1: Information on coloring pigments can be found in Specification C979.  
1.3 This specification does not cover additives that are added to the cementitious materials during the manufacture of the cementitious materials.  
1.4 Acceptance of an admixture is based on its performance in an admixed mortar. Acceptance of the admixed masonry mortar is based on attainment of performance either equivalent to that required for conventional mortar or improved performance of one or more indicated properties, while maintaining required performance levels for other properties.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 2: The testing laboratory performing the test methods referenced in this specification should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mortar for the repair of masonry that was constructed with methods and materials that pre-date the origination of current standards of construction that are compatible with it. The mortar may be used for non-structural purposes such as repointing of the masonry, or for structural purposes such as, but not restricted to, re-construction or repair of mortar joints that contribute to the structural integrity of the masonry.  
1.2 Masonry includes the following units laid in mortar: (1) cast stone, (2) clay masonry unitsbrick and clay tile, (3) concrete masonry units, (4) natural stone, and (5) terra cotta.  
1.3 This specification may be used to pre-qualify mortar for a project.  
1.4 Mortars tested using this specification are laboratory-prepared mortars and do not represent in-place, site mortars.  
1.5 Use of this specification should be based on a thorough understanding of the function, maintenance, and repair requirements for the preservation and continued performance of the masonry in the context of the building structure and long-term performance. The user of this specification is responsible for examining all criteria and selecting the appropriate mortar formulation and properties required.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both this test method and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—This test method permits comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. It is also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of this method in the field provides a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. It includes methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under this test method are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, G...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers unit masonry mortars whose material and design requirements are governed by a referenced ASTM document stated herein, but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site. Because field sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars, this specification particularly addresses these issues, along with the tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortars.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers masonry mortars whose materials and design requirements are governed by Specification C270 but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site.  
1.2 The field-sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and the traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars and this standard specifically addresses these issues. The tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortar is also covered.  
1.3 The text of this specification refers to notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered the requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both this test method and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—This test method permits comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. It is also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of this method in the field provides a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. It includes methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under this test method are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8.