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ASTM E1042-02(2008)e1

(Classification)

Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray

Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Acoustically absorptive materials are used for the control of reverberation and echoes in rooms. This standard provides a classification method for acoustically absorptive materials applied directly to surfaces by trowel or by spray.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers materials applied by trowel or spray to surfaces for the purpose of increasing their acoustical absorption.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Mar-2008
ICS
91.120.20 - Acoustics in building. Sound insulation
Technical Committee
E33 - Building and Environmental Acoustics
Drafting Committee
E33.04 - Application of Acoustical Materials and Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1042-02(2008) - Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray
Effective Date
15-Mar-2008
Referred By
ASTM C634-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
Effective Date
15-Mar-2008

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ASTM E1042-02(2008)e1 - Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or SprayASTM E1042-02(2008)e1 - Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray
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ASTM E1042-02(2008)e1 - Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:E1042 −02(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Classification for
Acoustically Absorptive Materials Applied by Trowel or
Spray
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1042; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—1.2, units of measure statement, was editorially inserted and 5.5.1 and 5.5.2 were editorially updated in May
2010.
1. Scope one-third octave bands from 200 through 2500 Hz, inclusive,
measured according to C423.
1.1 This classification covers materials applied by trowel or
spray to surfaces for the purpose of increasing their acoustical
4. Significance and Use
absorption.
4.1 Acoustically absorptive materials are used for the con-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
trol of reverberation and echoes in rooms. This standard
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
provides a classification method for acoustically absorptive
standard.
materials applied directly to surfaces by trowel or by spray.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Basis of Classification
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Classification is made according to type of material,
C423 Test Method for SoundAbsorption and SoundAbsorp-
acoustical properties, flame spread, and dust propensity.
tion Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
5.2 Material Type—Classification of acoustically absorptive
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
material according to material type is as follows:
Acoustics
5.2.1 Type I—Material is cementitious. Type I ingredients
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
shall be uniformly mixed and ready for use by the addition of
Building Materials
water.When received, the material in the container shall be dry
E795 Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound
and shall not be caked or sticky. After the material has been
Absorption Tests
properly mixed with the amount of water specified by the
E859 Test Method forAir Erosion of Sprayed Fire-Resistive
manufacturer, the material shall be of such a consistency that it
Materials (SFRMs) Applied to Structural Members
can be applied with a plastering trowel or with a suitable
plaster-spraying machine.
3. Terminology
5.2.2 Type II, Material is fibrous. Type II material shall
3.1 Definitions:
consist of mineral or organic fiber with an integrally mixed
3.1.1 The acoustical terminology used in this classification
binder, or it may be supplied for use with a liquid binder added
is consistent with Terminology C634.
at the time of application.
3.1.2 Sound absorption average (SAA)—a single number
5.2.3 Type III, Material is cellular plastic and is intended for
rating, the average, rounded off to the nearest 0.01, of the
application over beams, walls, ceilings, and columns. Type III
sound absorption coefficients of a material for the twelve
materials are normally designed to be mixed at the time of
application.
5.3 Noise Reduction Coeffıcient—Classification of acousti-
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on
Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- cally absorptive material according to its noise reduction
mittee E33.04 on Application of Acoustical Materials and Systems.
coefficient (NRC) shall be as follows:
Current edition approved March 15, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally
approved 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E1042 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/E1042-02R08E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
E1042−02 (2008)
5.4.3 Class (c)—The flame-spread index shall not exceed
NRC Grade Designation Minimum Acceptable
NRC or SAA
200 on the exposed surface when tested in accordance with
Test Method E84.
NRC 95 0.95
NRC 90 0.90
NOTE 4—For example:AType II, NRC 50, at x cm (y in.) of application
NRC 85 0.
...

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5.1 Sound transmission loss as defined in Terminology C634, refers to the response of specimens exposed to a diffuse incident sound field, and this is the test condition approached by this laboratory test method. The test results are therefore most directly relevant to the performance of similar specimens exposed to similar sound fields. They provide, however, a useful general measure of performance for the variety of sound fields to which a partition or element may typically be exposed.  
5.2 In laboratories designed to satisfy the requirements of this test method, the intent is that only significant path for sound transmission between the rooms is through the test specimen. This is not generally the case in buildings where there are often many other paths for sounds—flanking sound transmission. Consequently sound ratings obtained using this test method do not relate directly to sound isolation in buildings; they represent an upper limit to what would be measured in a field test.  
5.3 This test method is not intended for field tests. Field tests shall be performed according to Test Method E336.
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4.1 The sound absorption of a material that covers a flat surface depends not only on the physical properties of the material but also on the way in which the material is mounted over the surface. The mountings specified in these practices are intended to simulate in the laboratory conditions that exist in normal use.  
4.2 Some of the specified mountings require special fixtures or minor deviations from normal practice. These fixtures or deviations are to be used only during laboratory tests and should not be specified for practical installations. They are noted in the specifications for the mountings in question by the phrase “for laboratory testing only.”  
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ASTM C384-04(2022)(Test Method)
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5.1 The acoustical impedance properties of a sound absorptive material are related to its physical properties, such as airflow resistance, porosity, elasticity, and density. As such, the measurements described in this test method are useful in basic research and product development of sound absorptive materials.  
5.2 Normal incidence sound absorption coefficients are more useful than random incidence coefficients in certain situations. They are used, for example, to predict the effect of placing material in a small enclosed space, such as inside a machine.  
5.3 Estimates of the random incidence or statistical absorption coefficients for materials can be obtained from normal incidence impedance data. For materials that are locally reacting, that is, without sound propagation inside the material parallel to its surface, statistical absorption coefficients can be estimated from specific normal acoustic impedance values using an expression derived by London (1).5 Locally reacting materials include those with high internal losses parallel with the surface such as porous or fibrous materials of high density or materials that are backed by partitioned cavities such as a honeycomb core. Formulas for estimating random incidence sound absorption properties for both locally and bulk-reacting materials, as well as for multilayer systems with and without air spaces have also been developed (2).
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1.1 This test method covers the use of an impedance tube, alternatively called a standing wave apparatus, for the measurement of impedance ratios and the normal incidence sound absorption coefficients of acoustical materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E492-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies Using the Tapping Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The spectrum of the noise in the room below the test specimen is determined by the following:  
5.1.1 The size and the mechanical properties of the floor-ceiling assembly, such as its construction, surface, mounting or edge restraints, stiffness, or internal damping,  
5.1.2 The acoustical response of the room below,  
5.1.3 The placement of the object or device producing the impacts, and  
5.1.4 The nature of the actual impact itself.  
5.2 This test method is based on the use of a standardized tapping machine of the type specified in 8.1 placed in specific positions on the floor. This machine produces a continuous series of uniform impacts at a uniform rate on a test floor and generates in the receiving room broadband sound pressure levels that are sufficiently high to make measurements possible beneath most floor types even in the presence of background noise. The tapping machine itself, however, is not designed to simulate any one type of impact, such as produced by male or female footsteps.  
5.3 Because of its portable design, the tapping machine does not simulate the weight of a human walker. Therefore, the structural sounds, i.e., creaks or booms of a floor assembly caused by such footstep excitation is not reflected in the single number impact rating derived from test results obtained by this test method. The degree of correlation between the results of tapping machine tests in the laboratory and the subjective acceptance of floors under typical conditions of domestic impact excitation is uncertain. The correlation will depend on both the type of floor construction and the nature of the impact excitation in the building.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of impact sound transmission of floor-ceiling assemblies using a standardized tapping machine. It is assumed that the test specimen constitutes the primary sound transmission path into a receiving room located directly below and that a good approximation to a diffuse sound field exists in this room.  
1.2 Measurements may be conducted on floor-ceiling assemblies of all kinds, including those with floating-floor or suspended ceiling elements, or both, and floor-ceiling assemblies surfaced with any type of floor-surfacing or floor-covering materials.  
1.3 This test method prescribes a uniform procedure for reporting laboratory test data, that is, the normalized one-third octave band sound pressure levels transmitted by the floor-ceiling assembly due to the tapping machine.  
1.4 Laboratory Accreditation—The requirements for accrediting a laboratory for performing this test method are given in Annex A2.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Definitions—Terms and related definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.  
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to Each Standard:  
3.2.1 As indicated in Section 4, terms and their definitions are intended to provide a precise understanding and interpretation of the building and environmental acoustic test standards in which they appear.  
3.2.2 A specific definition of a given term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.  
3.2.3 Different definitions of the same term are acceptable provided each one is consistent with and is not in conflict with the standard definition for the same term, that is, the general concept the term describes.  
3.2.4 If a standard under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 specially defines a term, i.e. provides a definition different in any way from what is given in Section 4 of Terminology C634, that standard shall list the term and its description under the subheading, Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard.
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The mandatory language of section 3.2.4 is consistent with the mandatory language from §E2 of Form and Style for ASTM Standards (April 2020) and with the ASTM Committee E33 bylaws in place when this standard was published; it reflects a situation that exists, it does not prescribe anything.  
3.3 Definitions for some terms associated with building and environmental acoustic issues and not included in Terminology C634 are found in ISO/TR 25417 or IEEE P260.4. When discrepancies exist, the definition in Terminology C634 shall prevail.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms, related definitions, and descriptions of terms used or likely to be used in building and environmental acoustics standards. Definitions of terms are special-purpose definitions that are consistent with the standard definitions but are written to ensure that a specific building and environmental acoustics standard is properly understood and precisely interpreted. The primary focus of this document is upon terms, definitions and descriptions found within standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33; however, terms, definitions and descriptions that are of general interest to the field of acoustics are also included.  
1.2 This building and environmental acoustics standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM C522-03(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Airflow Resistance of Acoustical Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The specific airflow resistance of an acoustical material is one of the properties that determine its sound-absorptive and sound-transmitting properties. Measurement of specific airflow resistance is useful during product development, for quality control during manufacture, and for specification purposes.  
5.2 Valid measurements are made only in the region of laminar airflow where, aside from random measurement errors, the airflow resistance (R = P/U) is constant. When the airflow is turbulent, the apparent airflow resistance increases with an increase of volume velocity and the term “airflow resistance” does not apply.  
5.3 The specific airflow resistance measured by this test method may differ from the specific resistance measured by the impedance tube method in Test Method E384 for two reasons. In the presence of sound, the particle velocity inside a porous material is alternating while in this test method, the velocity is constant and in one direction only. Also, the particle velocity inside a porous material is not the same as the linear velocity measured outside the specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of airflow resistance and the related measurements of specific airflow resistance and airflow resistivity of porous materials that can be used for the absorption and attenuation of sound. Materials cover a range from thick boards or blankets to thin mats, fabrics, papers, and screens. When the material is anisotropic, provision is made for measurements along different axes of the specimen.  
1.2 This test method is designed for the measurement of values of specific airflow resistance ranging from 100 to 10 000 mks rayls (Pa·s/m) with linear airflow velocities ranging from 0.5 mm/s to 50 mm/s and pressure differences across the specimen ranging from 0.1 Pa to 250 Pa. The upper limit of this range of linear airflow velocities is a point at which the airflow through most porous materials is in partial or complete transition from laminar to turbulent flow.  
1.3 A procedure for accrediting a laboratory for the purposes of this test method is given in Annex A1.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Table 1 is provided for user to convert into cgs units.    
cgs acoustic ohm  
mks acoustic ohm (Pa·s/m3)  
105  
cgs rayl  
mks rayl (Pa·s/m)  
10    
cgs rayl/cm  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
103  
cgs rayl/in.  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
394  
mks rayl/in.  
mks rayl/m (Pa·s/m2)  
39.4  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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