ASTM D5780-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Individual Piles in Permafrost Under Static Axial Compressive Load
Standard Test Method for Individual Piles in Permafrost Under Static Axial Compressive Load
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method will provide a relationship between time to failure, creep rate, and displacement to failure for specific failure loads at specific test temperatures as well as a relationship between creep rate and applied load at specific test temperatures for loads less than failure loads.
Pile design for specific soil temperatures may be controlled by either limiting long-term stress to below long-term strength or by limiting allowable settlement over the design life of the structure. It is the purpose of this test method to provide the basic information from which the limiting strength or long-term settlement may be evaluated by geotechnical engineers.
Data derived from pile tests at specific ground temperatures that differ from the design temperatures must be corrected to the design temperature by the use of data from additional pile tests, laboratory soil strength tests, or published correlations, if applicable, to provide a suitable means of correction.
For driven piles or grouted piles, failure will occur at the pile/soil interface. For slurried piles, failure can occur at either the pile/slurry interface or the slurry/soil interface, depending on the strength and deformation properties of the slurry material and the adfreeze bond strength. Location of the failure surface must be taken into account in the design of the test program and in the interpretation of the test results. Dynamic loads must be evaluated separately.
Note 3—The quality of the results produced by application of this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing individual vertical piles to determine response of the pile to static compressive load applied axially to the pile. These test methods are applicable to all deep foundation units in permafrost that function in a manner similar to piles regardless of their method of installation. This standard is divided into the following sections:
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Designation: D5780 − 10
Standard Test Methods for
Individual Piles in Permafrost Under Static Axial
1
Compressive Load
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5780; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Thesetestmethodshavebeenpreparedtocovermethodsofaxialloadtestingofpilesinpermafrost.
The provisions permit the introduction of more detailed requirements and procedures when required
to satisfy the objectives of the test program. The procedures herein produce a relationship between
applied load and pile settlement for conditions of ground temperature at the time of test. The results
may be interpreted to establish long-term load capacity of piles in permafrost.
of test results. A qualified geotechnical engineer should interpret the test
1. Scope*
results for predicting pile performance and capacity.
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing indi-
1.2 Three different test methods are included within this
vidual vertical piles to determine response of the pile to static
standard. Method A is the standard method combining the
compressive load applied axially to the pile. These test
results from loading two separate piles with the possibility of
methods are applicable to all deep foundation units in perma-
a third alternate pile. Method B is the alternate method
frost that function in a manner similar to piles regardless of
combiningtheresultsfromloadingthreeseparatepileswiththe
their method of installation. This standard is divided into the
following sections: possibility of a fourth alternate pile. Method C is a confirma-
tion method requiring the testing of one pile with the possibil-
Section
Referenced Documents 2
ity of a second alternate. Method C is applicable only where
Terminology 3
prior data are available.
Significance and Use 4
Installation of Test Piles 5
1.3 All recorded and calculated values shall conform to the
Apparatus for Applying Loads 6
guideforsignificantdigitsandroundingestablishedinPractice
Apparatus for Measuring Movements 7
Safety Requirements 8
D6026.
Loading Procedures 9
1.3.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
Standard Test Procedures 10
Procedures for Measuring Pile Movements 11
recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the
Report 12
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
Precision and Bias 13
significant digits that should generally be retained. The proce-
Keywords 14
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
NOTE 1—Apparatus and procedures designated “optional” are to be
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
required only when included in the project specifications or if not
specified, may be used only with the approval of the engineer responsible ations for the user’s objectives, and it is common practice to
for the foundation design. The word “shall” indicates a mandatory
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
provision and “should” indicates a recommended or advisory provision.
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
Imperative sentences indicate mandatory provisions. Notes, illustrations,
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis
and appendixes included herein are explanatory or advisory.
NOTE2—Thisstandarddoesnotincludetheinterpretationoftestresults methods for engineering design.
or the application of test results to foundation design. See Appendix X1
1.3.2 Measurements made to more significant digits or
for comments regarding some of the factors influencing the interpretation
better sensitivity than specified in this standard shall not be
regarded a nonconformance with this standard.
1
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.19 on Frozen Soils and
as the standard, except as noted below. The values given in
Rock.
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010. Published March 2010. Originally
are provided for information only and are not considered
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D5780 – 95 (2002).
DOI: 10.1520/D5780-10. standard.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5780 − 10
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used 3.2.3 creep load—that load appli
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5780–95 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for Designation:D5780–10
Standard Test Methods for
Individual Piles in Permafrost Under Static Axial
1
Compressive Load
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5780; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
ThisThese test method hasmethods have been prepared to cover methods of axial load testing of
piles in permafrost. The provisions permit the introduction of more detailed requirements and
procedureswhenrequiredtosatisfytheobjectivesofthetestprogram.Theprocedureshereinproduce
a relationship between applied load and pile settlement for conditions of ground temperature at the
timeoftest.Theresultsmaybeinterpretedtoestablishlong-termloadcapacityofpilesinpermafrost.
1. Scope*
1.1This1.1 These test methods covers procedures for testing individual vertical piles to determine response of the pile to static
compressive load applied axially to the pile. ThisThese test method ismethods are applicable to all deep foundation units in
permafrost that function in a manner similar to piles regardless of their method of installation.This test methodstandard is divided
into the following sections:
Section
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Significance and Use 4
Installation of Test Piles 5
Apparatus for Applying Loads 6
Apparatus for Measuring Movements 7
Safety Requirements 8
Loading Procedures 9
Standard Test Procedures 10
Procedures for Measuring Pile Movements 11
Report 12
Precision and Bias 13
Keywords 14
NOTE 1—Apparatus and procedures designated “optional” are to be required only when included in the project specifications or if not specified, may
be used only with the approval of the engineer responsible for the foundation design. The word “shall” indicates a mandatory provision and “should”
indicatesarecommendedoradvisoryprovision.Imperativesentencesindicatemandatoryprovisions.Notes,illustrations,andappendixesincludedherein
are explanatory or advisory.
NOTE 2—Thistestmethodstandarddoesnotincludetheinterpretationoftestresultsortheapplicationoftestresultstofoundationdesign.SeeAppendix
X1 for comments regarding some of the factors influencing the interpretation of test results. A qualified geotechnical engineer should interpret the test
results for predicting pile performance and capacity.
1.2Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.TheSIunitsgiveninparenthesesareforinformation
only.
1.3
1.2 Threedifferenttestmethodsareincludedwithinthisstandard.MethodAisthestandardmethodcombiningtheresultsfrom
loadingtwoseparatepileswiththepossibilityofathirdalternatepile.MethodBisthealternatemethodcombiningtheresultsfrom
loading three separate piles with the possibility of a fourth alternate pile. Method C is a confirmation method requiring the testing
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoilandRockandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD18.19onFrozenSoilsandRock.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published January 1996. DOI: 10.1520/D5780-95R02.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010. Published March 2010. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as . DOI: 10.1520/D5780-10.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D5780–10
of one pile with the possibility of a second alternate. Method C is applicable only where prior data are available.
1.3 All recorded and calculated values shall conform to the guide for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.3.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/recordedandcalculatedinthisstandardareregardedastheindustry
standard.Inaddition,theyarerepresentativeofthesignificantdigitsthatshouldgenerallyberetained.Theproceduresuseddonot
considermaterialvariation,purposeforobtainingthedata,specialpurposestudies,oranyconsiderationsfortheuser’sobjectives,
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.
1.3.2 Measurements made to more significan
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