ASTM A660-96(2005)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
ABSTRACT
This specification covers carbon steel pipe made by the centrifugal casting process intended for use in high-temperature, high-pressure service. This pipe shall be suitable for fusion welding, bending, and other forming operations. Grades for carbon steels shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorous, sulfur, and silicon. Manufacturing of the material shall be done by machining and heat treatment. Pyrometers shall be used to control the furnace temperatures. Tensile properties shall conform to the required values for tensile strength, elongation, and reduction of area. Mechanical properties shall conform to the following: transverse or longitudinal tension test; flattening test; and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel pipe made by the centrifugal casting process intended for use in high-temperature, high-pressure service. Pipe ordered under this specification shall be suitable for fusion welding, bending, and other forming operations.
1.2 Several grades of carbon steels are covered. Their compositions are given in Table 1.
1.3 Supplementary requirements (S1 to S9) of an optional nature are provided. The supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made, and when desired shall be so stated in the order, together with the number of such tests required.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
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Designation: A660 – 96 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A660; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
1. Scope
Composition, max,%
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel pipe made by the
Grade WCA Grade WCB Grade WCC
centrifugal casting process intended for use in high-
A B
temperature, high-pressure service. Pipe ordered under this
Carbon 0.25 0.30 0.25
A B
Manganese 0.70 1.00 1.20
specification shall be suitable for fusion welding, bending, and
Phosphorus 0.035 0.035 0.035
other forming operations.
Sulfur 0.035 0.035 0.035
1.2 Several grades of carbon steels are covered. Their Silicon 0.60 0.60 0.60
A
compositions are given in Table 1.
Foreachreductionof0.01%belowthespecifiedmaximumcarboncontent,an
increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up
1.3 Supplementary requirements (S1 to S9) of an optional
to a maximum of 1.10 %.
nature are provided. The supplementary requirements call for
B
Foreachreductionof0.01%belowthespecifiedmaximumcarboncontent,an
additional tests to be made, and when desired shall be so stated increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted to
a maximum of 1.40 %.
in the order, together with the number of such tests required.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard.
2.2 ANSI Standards:
B36.10 American Standard for Welded and Seamless
2. Referenced Documents
Wrought Steel Pipe
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4
B46.1 Surface Texture
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for
2.3 MSS Standards:
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
SP-54 Quality Standard for Steel Castings—Radiographic
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
Inspection Method
E114 Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Ex-
amination by the Contact Method 3. Ordering Information
E125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
tions on Ferrous Castings
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
E142 Method for Controlling Quality of RadiographicTest-
material adequately:
ing
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
in. [51 to 114-mm]) Steel Castings
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall
Blooms, and Forgings
thickness),
E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
3.1.5 Length (specific or random), (Permissible Variations
[51 mm] in Thickness
in Length Section of Specification A530/A530M),
3.1.6 End finish (Ends Section of Specification A530/
A530M),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
3.1.7 Optional Requirements (Sections 7.2, 8.2, 8.3, 11.1,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Section 12 and S1 to S9 (Supplementary Requirements),
A01.18 on Castings.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
3.1.8 Test report required (Certification Section of Specifi-
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A660 – 96 (2001).
cation A530/A530M),
DOI: 10.1520/A0660-96R05.
For ASME Boiler and Vessel Code applications see related Specification
SA-660 in Section II of that Code.
3 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromManufacturersStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittings
the ASTM website. Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A660 – 96 (2005)
3.1.9 Specification designation, and 8.2.1 Aflattening test shall be performed when requested by
3.1.10 Special requirements. the purchaser or when stated by the purchaser on the order that
the pipe is to be upset, swaged, expanded, bent, or formed by
4. General Requirements
some other operation.
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- 8.2.2 Aflattening test need not be performed on heavy wall
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of pipe which is not to be upset, swaged, expanded, bent, or
Specification A530/A530M unless otherwise provided herein. formed in some other manner.
8.2.3 When required by 8.2, a test shall be made on
5. Materials and Manufacture
specimens cut from one end of each length of pipe.
5.1 Machining: 8.2.4 A flattening test when required shall be performed in
5.1.1 All centrifugally cast pipe shall have both the inner accordance with the requirements for seamless and centrifu-
and outer surfaces machined. gally cast pipe in the Flattening Test Requirements Section of
5.1.2 After heat treatment, the pipe shall be machined to a Specification A530/A530M.
finish with a roughness value no greater than 250 µin. (6.35
NOTE 1—In heavy-walled small-diameter tubing the flattening test
µm) arithmetical average deviation (AA), terms as defined in
specimenmaybeboredoutsothattheOD/tratiowillbegreaterthan11.0.
ANSI B46.1 unless otherwise specified.
8.3 Hydrostatic Test:
5.2 Heat Treatment:
8.3.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested in
5.2.1 All pipe shall receive a heat treatment proper for its
accordance with the Hydrostatic Test Requirements Section of
design and chemical composition.
Specification A530/A530M when requested by the purchaser
5.2.2 Castings shall be heat treated after they have been
and stated on the order. If performance of the hydrostatic test
allowed to cool below the transformation range.
is not required by the purchaser, the manufacturer shall
guarantee pipe to pass the test and mark each length of pipe
6. Temperature Control
with the letters “NH” immediately following the specification
6.1 Furnace temperatures for heat treating shall be effec-
number, indicating that the pipe has not been hydrostatically
tively controlled by pyrometers.
tested.
8.3.2 When required by 8.3, each length of pipe shall be
7. Chemical Requirements
subjected to the hydrostatic test. The test pressure shall be
7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
maintained for not less than 5 min.
chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
7.2 Product Analysis:
9. Permissible Variation in Wall Thickness
7.2.1 At the request of the purchaser, a product analysis
9.1 The wall thickness shall not vary over the specified
shall be made by the manufacturer on every heat.
minimum wall thickness by more than 10 %. There shall be no
7.2.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
variation under the specified minimum wall thickness.
purchaser or his representative, and shall conform to the
requirements specified in Table 1.
NOTE 2—A system of standard pipe sizes has been approved by the
7.2.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 7.2.1 American National Standards Institute, asANSI B36.10.This system may
be used for obtaining pipe under this specification.
does not conform to the requirements specified, an analysis of
each pipe from the same heat may be made, and all pipes
10. Workmanship and Finish
conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
10.1 The pipe shall have a finish as provided in 5.2 and it
8. Mechanical Requirements
shall be reasonably straight and free from injurious defects.
8.1 Tensile Properties:
11. Rework and Retreatment
8.1.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
11.1 Imperfections—The surface of the casting shall be
tensile properties prescribed in Table 2.
inspectedvisuallyforcracksandhottears.Theseimperfections
8.1.2 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One test
shall be removed, and their removal verified
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard Designation: A 660 – 96 (Reapproved 2005)
Designation:A 660–96
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 660; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel pipe made by the centrifugal casting process intended for use in high-temperature,
high-pressure service. Pipe ordered under this specification shall be suitable for fusion welding, bending, and other forming
operations.
1.2 Several grades of carbon steels are covered. Their compositions are given in Table 1.
1.3 Supplementary requirements (S1 to S9) of an optional nature are provided. The supplementary requirements call for
additional tests to be made, and when desired shall be so stated in the order, together with the number of such tests required.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 530/A 530M Specification for General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Testing
E 114 Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Examination by the Contact Method
E 125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indications on Ferrous Castings
E 142 Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing
E 186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 ⁄2-in. (51 to 114-mm)) Steel Castings
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
E 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings up to 2 in. (51 mm) in Thickness
2.2 ANSI Standards:
B36.10 American Standard for Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
B46.1 Surface Texture
2.3 MSS Standards:
SP-54 Quality Standard for Steel Castings—Radiographic Inspection Method
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material
adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall thickness),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random), (Permissible Variations in Length Section of Specification A 530/A 530M/A530M),),
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA-1onSteel,StainlessSteel,andRelatedAlloys,andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.09
on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1996. Published October 1997. Originally published as A660–72. Last previous edition A660–91a.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A 660 – 96 (2001).
For ASME Boiler and Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-660 in Section II of that Code.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
, Vol 01.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 660 – 96 (2005)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, max,%
Grade WCA Grade WCB Grade WCC
A B
Carbon 0.25 0.30 0.25
A B
Carbon 0.25 0.30 0.25
A B
Manganese 0.70 1.00 1.20
A B
Manganese 0.70 1.00 1.20
Phosphorus 0.035 0.035 0.035
Phosphorus 0.035 0.035 0.035
Sulfur 0.035 0.035 0.035
Sulfur 0.035 0.035 0.035
Silicon 0.60 0.60 0.60
Silicon 0.60 0.60 0.60
A
For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content,
an increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted
up to a maximum of 1.10 %.
B
For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content,
an increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted
to a maximum of 1.40 %.
3.1.6 End finish (Ends Section of Specification A 530/A 530M/A530M), ),
3.1.7 Optional Requirements (Sections 7.2, 8.2, 8.3, 11.1, Section 12 and S1 to S9 (Supplementary Requirements),
3.1.8 Test report required (Certification Section of Specification A 530/A 530M/A530M), ),
3.1.9 Specification designation, and
3.1.10 Special requirements.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Specification A 530/A 530M/A530M unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Machining:
5.1.1 All centrifugally cast pipe shall have both the inner and outer surfaces machined.
5.1.2 After heat treatment, the pipe shall be machined to a finish with a roughness value no greater than 250 µin. (6.35 µm)
arithmetical average deviation (AA), terms as defined in ANSI B46.1 unless otherwise specified.
5.2 Heat Treatment:
5.2.1 All pipe shall receive a heat treatment proper for its design and chemical composition.
5.2.2 Castings shall be heat treated after they have been allowed to cool below the transformation range.
6. Temperature Control
6.1 Furnace temperatures for heat treating shall be effectively controlled by pyrometers.
7. Chemical Requirements
7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
7.2 Product Analysis:
7.2.1 At the request of the purchaser, a product analysis shall be made by the manufacturer on every heat.
7.2.2 Theresultsoftheseanalysesshallbereportedtothepurchaserorhisrepresentative,andshallconformtotherequirements
specified in Table 1.
7.2.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 7.2.1 does not conform to the requirements specified, an analysis of each
pipe from the same heat may be made, and all pipes conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
8. Mechanical Requirements
8.1 Tensile Properties:
8.1.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in Table 2.
8.1.2 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One test shall be made on a specimen from one end of one length of pipe
representing each heat in each heat-treatment lot.
8.2 Flattening Test:
8.2.1 A flattening test shall be performed when requested by the purchaser or when stated by the purchaser on the order that
the pipe is to be upset, swaged, expanded, bent, or formed by some other operation.
8.2.2 A flattening test need not be performed on heavy wall pipe which is not to be upset, swaged, expanded, bent, or formed
in some other manner.
8.2.3 When required by 8.2, a test shall be made on specimens cut from one end of each length of pipe.
A 660 – 96 (2005)
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
WCA WCB WCC
ksi MPa ksi MPa ksi MPa
Tensile strength, min 60 414 70 483 70 483
Yield strength, min 30 207 36 248 40 276
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 24 22 22
mm, min, %
Reduction of area, min, 35 35 35
%
8.2.4 Aflattening test when required shall be performed in accordance with the requirements for seamless and centrifugally cast
pipe in the Flattening Test Requirements Section of Specification A 530/A 530M/A530M. .
NOTE 1—In heavy-walled small-diameter tubing the flattening test specimen may be bored out so that the OD/t ratio will be greater than 11.0.
8.3 Hydrostatic Test:
8.3.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested in accordance with the Hydrostatic Test Requirements Section of
Specification A 530/A 530M/A530M when requested by the purchaser and stated on the order. If performance of the hydrostatic
test is not required by the purchaser, the manufacturer shall guarantee pipe to pass the test and mark each length of pipe with the
letters “NH” immediately following the specification number, indicating that the pipe has not been hydrostatically tested.
8.3.2 When required
...
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