ASTM D3499-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Toughness of Wood-Based Structural Panels
Standard Test Method for Toughness of Wood-Based Structural Panels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The failure of wood-based materials with impact loads is sometimes an important criteria in design considerations. In addition, some effects on the mechanical properties of wood, such as decay, are best evaluated by measuring its toughness. This test method serves to evaluate the toughness of structural panel products while Methods D143 can be used to measure the toughness of solid clear wood specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method for toughness of wood-based structural panels covers the determination of energy necessary to cause failure by impact loading of a beam specimen which is simply supported and loaded at midspan. Wood-based structural panels in use include plywood, waferboard, oriented strand board, and composites of veneer and of wood-based layers.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D3499 − 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Toughness of Wood-Based Structural Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3499; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Apparatus
1.1 This test method for toughness of wood-based structural 4.1 The toughness testing machine (Note 1) shall consist of
panels covers the determination of energy necessary to cause a frame supporting a pendulum, being so arranged that a
failure by impact loading of a beam specimen which is simply measured amount of the energy from the fall of the pendulum
supported and loaded at midspan. Wood-based structural pan- may be applied to a test specimen. The pendulum shall consist
els in use include plywood, waferboard, oriented strand board, of a bar to which is fastened a weight adjustable to different
and composites of veneer and of wood-based layers. positions and shall carry at its upper end a drum or pulley
whose center provides the axis of rotation. The force shall be
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
applied to the specimen by means of a flexible steel cable
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
passing over the drum.Astationary graduated scale or dial and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
a vernier operated by the moving drum shall be provided for
and are not considered standard.
reading the angles through which the pendulum swings. The
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
machine shall be adjusted before test so that the pendulum
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
hangs truly vertical and adjusted to correct for friction. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cable shall be adjusted so that the load is applied to the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
specimen when the pendulum swings to within approximately
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
15°oftheverticalsoastoproducecompletefailurebythetime
the downward swing is completed.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—The set-up shown in Fig. 1 has been found to give satisfactory
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
results.
D143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber
5. Test Specimen
D2395 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Wood and
Wood-Based Materials
5.1 The toughness test specimen to be used in conjunction
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
with the Forest Products Laboratory toughness testing machine
5 5
ment of Wood and Wood-Base Materials
shall be ⁄8 in. (16 mm) in width for material less than ⁄8 in. (16
mm) in thickness, and the thickness of the specimen shall be
3. Significance and Use
5
equal to that of the material. For material more than ⁄8 in. (16
3.1 The failure of wood-based materials with impact loads mm) in thickness, the width shall be equal to the thickness of
is sometimes an important criteria in design considerations. In
the material, thus making the specimen square in cross section.
addition, some effects on the mechanical properties of wood, The length shall be determined from the thickness of the
such as decay, are best evaluated by measuring its toughness.
material in accordance with Table 1. The actual cross-sectional
This test method serves to evaluate the toughness of structural dimensions, and the specimen and span length shall be mea-
panel products while Methods D143 can be used to measure
sured to an accuracy of not less than 60.3 % or 0.001 in. (0.02
the toughness of solid clear wood specimens. mm) whichever is larger.
6. Control of Moisture
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
6.1 Panel specimens to be tested at specific moisture con-
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
tents or after reaching equilibrium moisture content at specific
Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
temperature and relative humidity conditions shall be condi-
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D3499 – 94 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D3499-11.
tioned to approximate constant weight in controlled atmo-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
spheric conditions. For approximating moisture conditions of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
panels used under dry conditions, a relative humidity of 65 6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Docu
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3499–94 (Reapproved2005) Designation: D3499 – 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Toughness of Wood-Based Structural Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3499; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 Thistestmethodfortoughnessofwood-basedstructuralpanelscoversthedeterminationofenergynecessarytocausefailure
by impact loading of a beam specimen which is simply supported and loaded at midspan. Wood-based structural panels in use
include plywood, waferboard, oriented strand board, and composites of veneer and of wood-based layers.
1.2
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber
D2395 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Base Materials
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The failure of wood-based materials with impact loads is sometimes an important criteria in design considerations. In
addition, some effects on the mechanical properties of wood, such as decay, are best evaluated by measuring its toughness. This
test method serves to evaluate the toughness of structural panel products while Methods D143 can be used to measure the
toughness of solid clear wood specimens.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The toughness testing machine (Note 1) shall consist of a frame supporting a pendulum, being so arranged that a measured
amountoftheenergyfromthefallofthependulummaybeappliedtoatestspecimen.Thependulumshallconsistofabartowhich
is fastened a weight adjustable to different positions and shall carry at its upper end a drum or pulley whose center provides the
axis of rotation. The force shall be applied to the specimen by means of a flexible steel cable passing over the drum. A stationary
graduated scale or dial and a vernier operated by the moving drum shall be provided for reading the angles through which the
pendulum swings. The machine shall be adjusted before test so that the pendulum hangs truly vertical and adjusted to correct for
friction.The cable shall be adjusted so that the load is applied to the specimen when the pendulum swings to within approximately
15° of the vertical so as to produce complete failure by the time the downward swing is completed.
NOTE 1—The set-up shown in Fig. 1 has been found to give satisfactory results.
5. Test Specimen
5.1 The toughness test specimen to be used in conjunction with the Forest Products Laboratory toughness testing machine shall
5 5
be ⁄8 in. (16 mm) in width for material less than ⁄8 in. (16 mm) in thickness, and the thickness of the specimen shall be equal to
5
that of the material. For material more than ⁄8 in. (16 mm) in thickness, the width shall be equal to the thickness of the material,
thus making the specimen square in cross section. The length shall be determined from the thickness of the material in accordance
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
Current edition approved Oct.May 1, 2005.2011. Published October 2005.June 2011. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as
D3499–74(2000).D3499 – 94 (2005). DOI: 10.1520/D3499-94R05.10.1520/D3499-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D3499 – 11
FIG. 1 Toug
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