ASTM B593-20

Standard Test Method for Bending Fatigue Testing for Copper-Alloy Spring Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The bending fatigue test described in this test method provides information on the ability of a copper alloy flat sheet and strip of spring material to resist the development of cracks or general mechanical deterioration as a result of a relatively large number of cycles (generally in the range 105 to 108) under conditions of constant displacement.  
5.2 This test method is primarily a research and development tool which may be used to determine the effect of variations in materials on fatigue strength and also to provide data for use in selecting copper alloy spring materials for service under conditions of repeated strain cycling.  
5.3 The results are suitable for direct application in design only when all design factors such as loading, geometry of part, frequency of straining, and environmental conditions are known. The test method is generally unsuitable for an inspection test or a quality control test due to the amount of time and effort required to collect the data.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method establishes the requirements for the determination of the reversed or repeated bending fatigue properties of copper alloy flat sheet, or strip of spring materials by fixed cantilever, constant deflection (that is, constant amplitude of displacement)-type testing machines. This method is limited to flat sheet or strip ranging in thickness from 0.005 in. to 0.062 in. (0.13 mm to 1.57 mm), to a fatigue life range of 105 to 108 cycles, and to conditions where no significant change in stress-strain relations occurs during the test.  
Note 1: This implies that the load-deflection characteristics of the material do not change as a function of the number of cycles within the precision of measurement. There is no significant cyclic hardening or softening.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods(s) described in this test method.  
1.3.1 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2020
• ICS: 77.150.30 - Copper products
• Technical Committee: B05 - Copper and Copper Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B05.06 - Methods of Test

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B593 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Bending Fatigue Testing for Copper-Alloy Spring Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method establishes the requirements for the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
determination of the reversed or repeated bending fatigue B846Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
propertiesofcopperalloyflatsheet,orstripofspringmaterials B950Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product
by fixed cantilever, constant deflection (that is, constant am- Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
plitudeofdisplacement)-typetestingmachines.Thismethodis E468Practice for Presentation of Constant Amplitude Fa-
limited to flat sheet or strip ranging in thickness from 0.005 in. tigue Test Results for Metallic Materials
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to0.062in.(0.13mmto1.57mm),toafatigueliferangeof10 E1823TerminologyRelatingtoFatigueandFractureTesting
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to 10 cycles, and to conditions where no significant change in 2.2 Other ASTM Document:
stress-strain relations occurs during the test. ASTM STP 91-AA Guide for Fatigue Testing and the
Statistical Analysis of Fatigue Data
NOTE 1—This implies that the load-deflection characteristics of the
material do not change as a function of the number of cycles within the
3. Terminology
precision of measurement. There is no significant cyclic hardening or
softening.
3.1 For definition of terms relating to this test method, refer
to Terminology E1823 and Practice E468.
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
3.2 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
information only and are not considered standard.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
4.1 A prepared test specimen of a specific wrought copper
test methods(s) described in this test method.
alloy flat sheet or strip of spring material is mounted into a
1.3.1 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fixed cantilever, constant-deflection type fatigue testing ma-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
chine. The specimen is held at one end, acting as a cantilever
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
beam, and cycled by flexure followed by reverse flexure until
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
completefailure.Thenumberofcyclestofailureisrecordedas
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
a measure of fatigue life.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Significance and Use
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 The bending fatigue test described in this test method
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
provides information on the ability of a copper alloy flat sheet
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and strip of spring material to resist the development of cracks
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
or general mechanical deterioration as a result of a relatively
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copper For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 on contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Methods of Test. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
ε1 3
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B593–96 (2014) . For referenced ASTM documents, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/B0593–20. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail].
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B593 − 20
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largenumberofcycles(generallyintherange10 to10 )under 7. Test Specimen
conditions of constant displacement.
7.1 The test specimen shall be of the fixed-cantilever type.
5.2 This test method is primarily a research and develop-
Examples of specim
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: B593 − 96 (Reapproved 2014) B593 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Bending Fatigue Testing for Copper-Alloy Spring Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made in Sections 1.1, 1.2, 3.1 and 3.2 in September 2014.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method establishes procedures the requirements for the determination of the reversed or repeated bending fatigue
properties of copper alloy flat-sheet or strip-spring flat sheet, or strip of spring materials by fixed cantilever, constant deflection
(that is, constant amplitude of displacement)-type testing machines. This method is limited to flat stock sheet or strip ranging in
5 8
thickness from 0.005 in. to 0.062 in. (0.13 mm to 1.57 mm), to a fatigue-life fatigue life range of 10 to 10 cycles, and to
conditions where no significant change in stress-strain relations occurs during the test.
NOTE 1—This implies that the load-deflection characteristics of the material do not change as a function of the number of cycles within the precision
of measurement. There is no significant cyclic hardening or softening.
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. Values The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units whichthat are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods(s) described in this test method.
1.3.1 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
B950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
E206 Definitions of Terms Relating to Fatigue Testing and the Statistical Analysis of Fatigue Data; Replaced by E 1150
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(Withdrawn 1988)
E468 Practice for Presentation of Constant Amplitude Fatigue Test Results for Metallic Materials
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
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2.2 Other ASTM Documents:Document:
ASTM STP 91-A A Guide for Fatigue Testing and the Statistical Analysis of Fatigue Data
3. Terminology
3.1 For definition of terms relating to this test method, refer to DefinitionsTerminology E206E1823 and Practice E468.
3.2 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 on Methods
of Test.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014April 1, 2020. Published September 2014April 2020. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
ε1
B593 – 96 (2009)B593–96 (2014) . DOI: 10.1520/B0593-96R14E01.10.1520/B0593–20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
3
For referenced ASTM documents, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail].
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B593 − 20
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A prepared test specimen of a specific wrought copper alloy flat-
...