ASTM F521-16

Standard Test Methods for Bond Integrity of Transparent Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide a means to measure quantitatively the bond integrity between the outer layers of the transparency and the interlayer, or to measure the cohesive properties of the interlayer, under various loading conditions.  
4.2 These test methods provide empirical results useful for control purposes, correlation with service results, and as quality control tests for acceptance of production parts.  
4.3 Test results obtained on small, laboratory-size samples shown herein are indicative of full-size part capability, but not necessarily usable for design purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the bond integrity of transparent laminates. The laminates are usually made of two or more glass or hard plastic sheets held together by an elastomeric material. These test methods are intended to provide a means of determining the strength of the bond between the glass or plastic and the elastomeric interlayer under various mechanical or thermal loading conditions.  
1.2 The test methods appear as follows:    
Test Methods  
Sections  
Test Method A—Flatwise Bond Tensile Strength  
5 – 11  
Test Method B—Interlaminar Shear Strength  
12 – 17  
Test Method C—Creep Rupture  
18 – 25  
Test Method D—Thermal Exposure  
26 – 30  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2016
• ICS: 49.025.40 - Rubber and plastics
• Technical Committee: F07 - Aerospace and Aircraft
• Drafting Committee: F07.08 - Transparent Enclosures and Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F521 − 16
Standard Test Methods for
1
Bond Integrity of Transparent Laminates
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF521;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 interlayer, n—transparentmaterialusedasthebonding
agent between two or more hard, transparent materials.
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the bond
integrity of transparent laminates. The laminates are usually 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
made of two or more glass or hard plastic sheets held together 3.2.1 number of plies, n—a three-ply laminate is one having
by an elastomeric material. These test methods are intended to two transparent glass or plastic plies and one interlayer ply. A
provide a means of determining the strength of the bond five-ply laminate has three glass or plastic plies and two
between the glass or plastic and the elastomeric interlayer interlayer plies.
under various mechanical or thermal loading conditions.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The test methods appear as follows:
4.1 These test methods provide a means to measure quan-
Test Methods Sections
titatively the bond integrity between the outer layers of the
Test MethodA—Flatwise Bond Tensile Strength 5–11
Test Method B—Interlaminar Shear Strength 12–17
transparency and the interlayer, or to measure the cohesive
Test Method C—Creep Rupture 18–25
properties of the interlayer, under various loading conditions.
Test Method D—Thermal Exposure 26–30
4.2 These test methods provide empirical results useful for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
control purposes, correlation with service results, and as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
quality control tests for acceptance of production parts.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.3 Test results obtained on small, laboratory-size samples
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
shown herein are indicative of full-size part capability, but not
necessarily usable for design purposes.
2. Referenced Documents
2
TEST METHOD A—FLATWISE BOND TENSILE
2.1 ASTM Standards:
STRENGTH
D952 Test Method for Bond or Cohesive Strength of Sheet
Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
5. Summary of Test Method
3
2.2 ANSI Standard:
5.1 Thebondissubjectedtoamechanicalloadinadirection
B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads
perpendicular to the plane of the bond. The adhesive or
3. Terminology
cohesive strength between the interlayer and the outer layers
(flatwisetensilestrength)isdetermined,andexpressedinterms
3.1 Definitions:
of pascals (or pounds-force per square inch).
3.1.1 delamination, n—a visible separation between two
layers of bonded material.
6. Apparatus
3.1.2 face plies, n—transparent glass or plastic outer mate-
6.1 Metal Blocks—A pair of 50-mm (2-in.) square metal
rials joined together with an interlayer.
blocks of 24 ST aluminum alloy, each having a maximum
height of 50 mm (2 in.). Each block shall have in one end a
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on
7
hole (see Fig. 1) tapped 22.2 mm ( ⁄8 in.) in accordance with
Aerospace andAircraft and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on
7
ANSI B1.1, to accommodate threaded 22.2-mm ( ⁄8-in.) studs
Transparent Enclosures and Materials.
of convenient length (see Test Method D952). Alternative
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F521 – 83 (2010).
metal blocks utilize an aluminum “T” section, cut to 50 mm
DOI: 10.1520/F0521-16.
(2 in.) square. A hole shall be drilled in the upright section of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
each “T” block (see Fig. 2) to accommodate a metal pin or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on holding device compatible with the test machine used.
the ASTM website.
3
6.2 Testing Machine—Anysuitablemachineoftheconstant-
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. rate-of-crossheadmovementtype.Thetestingmachineshallbe
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

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F521 − 16
FIG. 1 Test Assembly for Flatwise Tensile Strength Test
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...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F521 − 83 (Reapproved 2010) F521 − 16
Standard Test Methods for
1
Bond Integrity of Transparent Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F521; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the bond integrity of transparent laminates. The laminates are usually made of
two or more glass or hard plastic sheets held together by an elastomeric material. These test methods are intended to provide a
means of determining the strength of the bond between the glass or plastic and the elastomeric interlayer under various mechanical
or thermal loading conditions.
1.2 The test methods appear as follows:
Test Methods Sections
Test Method A—Flatwise Bond Tensile Strength 5 – 11
Test Method B—Interlaminar Shear Strength 12 – 17
Test Method C—Creep Rupture 18 – 25
Test Method D—Thermal Exposure 26 – 30
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D952 Test Method for Bond or Cohesive Strength of Sheet Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
3
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 delamination—delamination, n—a visible separation between two layers of bonded material.
3.1.2 face plies—plies, n—transparent glass or plastic outer materials joined together with an interlayer.
3.1.3 interlayer—interlayer, n—transparent material used as the bonding agent between two or more hard, transparent materials.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 number of plies—plies, n—a three-ply laminate is one having two transparent glass or plastic plies and one interlayer ply.
A five-ply laminate has three glass or plastic plies and two interlayer plies.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These test methods provide a means to measure quantitatively the bond integrity between the outer layers of the
transparency and the interlayer, or to measure the cohesive properties of the interlayer, under various loading conditions.
4.2 These test methods provide empirical results useful for control purposes, correlation with service results, and as quality
control tests for acceptance of production parts.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on Aerospace and Aircraft and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on
Transparent Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010April 1, 2016. Published June 2010April 2016. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20042010 as
F521 – 83 (2004).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/F0521-83R10.10.1520/F0521-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F521 − 16
4.3 Test results obtained on small, laboratory-size samples shown herein should be considered are indicative of full-size part
capability, but not necessarily usable for design purposes.
TEST METHOD A—FLATWISE BOND TENSILE STRENGTH
5. Summary of Test Method
5.1 The bond is subjected to a mechanical load in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the bond. The adhesive or cohesive
strength between the interlayer and the outer layers (flatwise tensile strength) is determined, and expressed in terms of pascals (or
pounds-force per square inch).
6. Apparatus
6.1 Metal Blocks—A pair of 50-mm (2-in.) square metal blocks of 24 ST aluminum alloy, each having a maximum height of
7
50 mm (2 in.). Each block shall have in one end a hole (see Fig. 1) tapped 22.2 mm ( ⁄8 in.) in accordance with ANSI B1.1, to
7
accommodate threaded 22.2-mm ( ⁄8-in.) studs of convenient length (see Tes
...