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ASTM F1556-94(2002)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (Spined) Device Characteristics

Standard Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (Spined) Device Characteristics

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers minimum standards for devices, designated here as spinal immobilization and extrication device(s) (SPINED), commonly referred to as short spine board. The SPINED is designed to be used as the platform for immobilization and extrication of a patient with potential spine or spinal cord injury by emergency medical service personnel.  
1.2 This guide does not identify specific degrees of limitation of motion achieved by placement of a SPINED on a patient. Definitive requirements for immobilization of the spine, and, in particular, the degree of limitation associated with the use of a SPINED, has not been established in the medical literature.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1993
ICS
11.160 - First aid
Technical Committee
F30 - Emergency Medical Services
Drafting Committee
F30.01 - EMS Equipment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F1556-94 - Standard Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (Spined) Device Characteristics
Effective Date
01-Jan-1994
Replaced By
ASTM F1556-94(2007) - Standard Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (SPINE) Device Characteristics
Effective Date
01-Feb-2007

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ASTM F1556-94(2002) - Standard Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (Spined) Device CharacteristicsASTM F1556-94(2002) - Standard Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (Spined) Device Characteristics
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ASTM F1556-94(2002) - Standard Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (Spined) Device Characteristics
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F1556–94 (Reapproved2002)
Standard Guide for
Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (SPINE) Device
1
Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1556; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this guide is to begin to address the recognized need to support and immobilize the
components of the spine or spinal cord. Although this guide does not quantitatively address
performance standards for this device, it does address the characteristics of the device(s) used to
provide support and immobilization of the components of the central nervous system for the patient
suspected of receiving trauma to that body system.
4
1. Scope Pathogens; Final Rule
1.1 This guide covers minimum standards for devices,
3. Terminology
designated here as spinal immobilization and extrication de-
3.1 Definitions:
vice(s) (SPINED), commonly referred to as short spine board.
3.1.1 retention system—a retention system is an adjunct to
The SPINED is designed to be used as the platform for
or an integral part of the primary platform that allows the
immobilization and extrication of a patient with potential spine
patient to be securely attached to that platform used in
or spinal cord injury by emergency medical service personnel.
whatever configuration and size necessary to accomplish the
1.2 This guide does not identify specific degrees of limita-
goal, while still allowing reasonable and necessary access to
tion of motion achieved by placement of a SPINED on a
the patient.
patient. Definitive requirements for immobilization of the
3.1.2 spinal immobilization—spinal immobilization shall
spine, and, in particular, the degree of limitation associated
refer to immobilization of the spine and its contiguous struc-
with the use of a SPINED, have not been established in the
tures, the pelvis, and skull.
medical literature.
3.1.3 spine—the spine shall include the cervical, thoracic,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lumbar, and sacral vertebrae.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 directions of movement—directions include flexion,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
extension, rotation, distraction, lateral motion, and axial com-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
pression motion.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2.2 immobilization—limitation of motion.
3.2.3 spinal immobilization and extrication device—a plat-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
form to which the patient can be secured, which will support
F 1177 Terminology Relating to Emergency Medical Ser-
2
the patient’s spine during immobilization and transportation.
vices
3.3 For definition of other terms used in this guide, refer to
2.2 Centers for Disease Control Standard:
Terminology F 1177.
Guidelines for Prevention of Transmission of HIV and HBV
3
to Healthcare and Public Safety Workers
4. Significance and Use
2.3 OSHA Standard:
4.1 The intent of this guide is to identify characteristics that
29 CFR 1910.1030 Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne
a SPINED shall possess.
4.2 As opposed to a full body spinal immobilization device,
1
the SPINED incorporates additional features that assist in the
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F30 on Emergency
Medical Services and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F30.01 on EMS
extrication of a victim from a confined space.
Equipment.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 1994. Published December 1994.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 13.02.
3 4
Available from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1556–94 (2002)
4.3 It is not expected that the SPINED will be used alone to 6. Durability
provide the entire scope of required immobilization. Clinical
6.1 The SPINED shall maintain stated characteristics
situations may require differing combinations of devices for
throughout its lifetime as indicated by manufacturer’s recom-
adequate total spinal immobilization. A SPINE device may be
mendations.
one of the devices.
7. Maintenance
4.4 A device intended for use with adult patients shall
7.1 The SPINED shall be disposable or easily cleaned
accommodate the 95th p
...

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4.1 This guide is intended for use by those responsible for the development and implementation of training programs, that include competency evaluation, for triage in the prehospital environment.  
4.2 This guide is not intended to be used by itself, but as a component of Guide F1288.  
4.3 This guide acknowledges many types of individuals with varying levels of emergency medical training. It also establishes a minimum training standard and encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skill, and attitudinal objectives.  
4.4 A vital role in the development and operational application of triage is that of medical control. This guide should be used by medical directors in the determination of operational and medical protocols for use during MCIs and coordinated with those who are responsible for training.  
4.5 At the beginning of the program, students shall be informed of the course objectives and requirements for successful completion.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for the training and evaluation of individuals who perform triage at an emergency medical incident involving multiple casualties in a prehospital environment.  
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4.1 The purpose of this guide is to improve the quality of initial emergency medical care provided to the sick and injured. As the first trained person at an emergency medical scene, it is critical that the first responder be proficient in providing patient care and minimizing further complications until more highly trained emergency medical service personnel intervene.  
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SCOPE
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