ASTM C1651-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Roll Wave Optical Distortion in Heat-Treated Flat Glass
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Roll Wave Optical Distortion in Heat-Treated Flat Glass
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is a procedure for determining the peak-to-valley depth and the wavelength of roll wave in flat glass and then calculating the optical distortion resulting from that roll wave. Peak-to-valley measurements provide a means of monitoring the roll wave distortion in a heat processed glass product.
Measured peak-to-valley depth provides information required by some specifiers of heat-treated glass products.
5.3 Roll wave is inherent in flat glass which has been heat treated in a furnace in which rollers are used to convey the glass.
5.4 Consult Specifications C1036 and C1048 for additional glass characteristics and quality information.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the peak-to-valley depth and peak-to-peak distances of the out-of-plane deformation referred to as roll wave which occurs in flat, heat-treated architectural glass substrates processed in a heat processing continuous or oscillating conveyance oven.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This test method does not address other flatness issues like edge kink, ream, pocket distortion, bow, or other distortions outside of roll wave as defined in this test method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C1651 − 11
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Roll Wave Optical Distortion in Heat-
1
Treated Flat Glass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1651; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 peak-to-valley depth of roll wave—characteristic
depth, W, of roll wave as illustrated in Fig. 1.
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of
the peak-to-valley depth and peak-to-peak distances of the 3.1.2 peak-to-peak wavelength of roll wave—characteristic
out-of-plane deformation referred to as roll wave which occurs length, L, of roll wave shown as a sine-wave representing the
in flat, heat-treated architectural glass substrates processed in a deformed surface section as illustrated in Fig. 1.
heat processing continuous or oscillating conveyance oven.
3.1.3 roll wave—A repetitive wave-like departure from
1.2 This test method does not address other flatness issues flatness in glass that results from heat treating the glass in a
like edge kink, ream, pocket distortion, bow, or other distor- horizontal roller hearth furnace. Roll wave excludes edge
effectssuchasedgekinkanddistortioninfluencedbyassembly
tions outside of roll wave as defined in this test method.
or installation.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.4 roll wave optical distortion—visual distortion, D, that
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only results from roll wave and expressed as lens power as in Eq 1.
and are not considered standard.
3.1.5 valley-to-valley wavelength of roll wave—
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
characteristic length, L, of roll wave shown as a sine-wave
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the representing the deformed surface section as illustrated in Fig.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test consists of moving an instrument across the
2. Referenced Documents
glass surface in a direction parallel to the direction that the
2.1 Reference to these documents shall be the latest issue
glass substrate traveled during heat processing. The instrument
unless otherwise specified by the authority applying this test
will primarily measure the out-of-plane deformation of the
method.
glass surface which is characteristic of the glass and known as
2
2.2 ASTM Standards: “roll wave”. The peak-to-valley depths of the roll waves, W,
and the peak-to-peak distances, L, are measured. (See Fig. 1.)
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
C1036 Specification for Flat Glass
4.1.1 Other out-of-plane deformations of the glass surface
C1048 Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tem- may also be present which do not have the same peak and
pered Flat Glass
valley wave character of the roll wave, but which also result in
the appearance of optical distortion in the glass.
3. Terminology
4.1.2 The optical distortion due to the out-of-plane defor-
mation of the surface is measured as an optical power, similar
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
to the optical power of a cylindrical mirror or lens.
4.1.3 For those deformations that do have a wave character,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass
the distortion can be calculated using the following formula.
and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.11 on
From the measured roll wave depth, W and the measured
Optical Properties.
peak-to-peakorvalleytovalleywavelengthoftherollwave,L,
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originally
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1651–09. DOI:
the optical roll wave distortion D is:
10.1520/C1651-11.
2 2
2 D 5 4π W/L (1)
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
where W and L are in metres and D is in diopters. The
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
-1
the ASTM website. dimensions of diopters (dpt) is m . The more usual unit of
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C1651 − 11
FIG. 1 Representative Roll Wave Showing “W” and “L”
optical distortion is millidiopters
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1651–08 Designation:C1651–11
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Roll Wave Optical Distortion in Heat-
1
Treated Flat Glass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1651; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the peak-to-valley depth and peak-to-peak distances of the
out-of-planedeformationreferredtoasrollwavewhichoccursinflat,heat-treatedarchitecturalglasssubstratesprocessedinaheat
processing continuous or oscillating conveyance oven.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This test method does not address other flatness issues like edge kink, ream, pocket distortion, bow, or other distortions
outside of roll wave as defined in this test method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 Reference to these documents shall be the latest issue unless otherwise specified by the authority applying this test method.
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
C1036 Specification for Flat Glass
C1048 Specification for Heat-Treated Flat GlassKind HS, Kind FT Coated and Uncoated Glass
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 peak-to-valley depth of roll wave—characteristic depth, W, of roll wave as illustrated in Fig. 1.
3.1.2 peak-to-peak wavelength of roll wave—characteristic length, L, of roll wave shown as a sine-wave representing the
deformed surface section as illustrated in Fig. 1.
3.1.3 roll wave—Arepetitive wave-like departure from flatness in glass that results from heat treating the glass in a horizontal
roller hearth furnace. Roll wave excludes edge effects such as edge kink and distortion influenced by assembly or installation.
3.1.4 roll wave optical distortion—visual distortion, D, that results from roll wave and expressed as lens power as in Eq 1.
3.1.5 valley-to-valley wavelength of roll wave—characteristic length, L, of roll wave shown as a sine-wave representing the
deformed surface section as illustrated in Fig. 1.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test consists of moving an instrument across the glass surface in a direction parallel to the direction that the glass
substrate traveled during heat processing. The instrument will primarily measure the out-of-plane deformation of the glass surface
whichischaracteristicoftheglassandknownas“rollwave”.Thepeak-to-valleydepthsoftherollwaves, W,andthepeak-to-peak
distances, L, are measured. (See Fig. 1.)
4.1.1 Other out-of-plane deformations of the glass surface may also be present which do not have the same peak and valley
wave character of the roll wave, but which also result in the appearance of optical distortion in the glass.
4.1.2 The optical distortion due to the out-of-plane deformation of the surface is measured as an optical power, similar to the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.11 on Optical
Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published February 2009. DOI: 10.1520/C1651-08.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C1651–09. DOI:
10.1520/C1651-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1651–11
FIG. 1 Representative Roll Wave Showing “W” and “L”
optical power of a cylindrical mirror or lens.
4.1.3 For those deformations that do have a wave character, the distortion can be ca
...
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