ASTM D6381/D6381M-08(2013)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift Resistance
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift Resistance
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Uplift resistance is one of the properties of an applied shingle that relates to its ability to withstand wind forces. The mechanical tests described are laboratory methods to measure that resistance at a designated temperature after the shingles have been sealed under designated conditions.
5.1.1 No quantitative relationship has been established between the mechanical uplift resistance and uplift forces due to the wind.
5.2 Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of shingles in the field; for example, temperature, time, contamination by dirt and debris, roof slope, and interference by misplaced fasteners. It is not the objective of this test method to address all of these influences. This test method is designed to determine the mechanical uplift resistance when representative specimens of shingles are sealed under selected conditions prior to testing.
5.3 Procedure A produces lower results than Procedure B. Procedure A provides an edge-lift load value and Procedure B provides a perpendicular load value. The procedure applicable to a specific product depends on the specific product design, geometry, and rigidity. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to determine the appropriate procedure with reference to the specific product and application. It is possible that engineering calculations would require both procedures to be employed, and for both results to be used in the calculation of the resistance of that specific product to the effects of wind.
5.4 When using this method in conjunction with Test Method D7158 to determine the uplift resistance of shingles as part of the determination of wind resistance of the shingles, determine the appropriate procedure (Procedure A, Procedure B, or both) in accordance with the discussion, and examples, of shingle geometry and sealant configuration in Section 12.2 of Test Method D7158.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is applicable to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied sealant.
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These shingles, when applied in accordance with the manufacturers' application instructions, employ other means to provide resistance against the forces generated by the action of wind such as geometry and shingle construction. Field experience has shown that these types of shingles function satisfactorily in service. Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not practical to describe in this test method how to test these shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope of this test method.
1.3 This test method describes two procedures for measuring shingle uplift resistance. Procedure A employs a specially designed apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force required to break the seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T” section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to facilitate application and measurement of a perpendicular force to break the seal.
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use conditions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the report.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard...
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´1
Designation: D6381/D6381M − 08(Reapproved 2013)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6381/D6381M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected in November 2013.
1. Scope system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance
with the standard.
of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is appli-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
cable to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sealant.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
shingles, when applied in accordance with the manufacturers’
application instructions, employ other means to provide resis-
2. Referenced Documents
tanceagainsttheforcesgeneratedbytheactionofwindsuchas
2.1 ASTM Standards:
geometryandshingleconstruction.Fieldexperiencehasshown
D228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of
that these types of shingles function satisfactorily in service.
Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in
Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not
Roofing and Waterproofing
practical to describe in this test method how to test these
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of
D3462 Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass
shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope of this test method.
Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules
1.3 This test method describes two procedures for measur-
D7158 TestMethodforWindResistanceofAsphaltShingles
ing shingle uplift resistance. Procedure A employs a specially
(Uplift Force/Uplift Resistance Method)
designed apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates
lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force
3. Terminology
required to break the seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T”
3.1 Definitions—For definition of terms used in this test
section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to
method, refer to Terminology D1079.
facilitate application and measurement of a perpendicular force
to break the seal.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 seal—as it relates to steep roofing shingles,isthe
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range
bonding that results from the activation of the sealant under the
of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing
action of time and temperature.
temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use condi-
tions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the 3.2.2 sealant—as it relates to steep roofing shingles,is
defined as factory-applied or field-applied material designed to
report.
seal the shingles to each other under the action of time and
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
temperature after the shingles are applied to a roof.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.2.3 sealed—as it relates to steep roofing shingles,isthe
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
condition of the shingles after the sealant has been activated by
the action of time and temperature.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
andWaterproofingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD08.02onSteep
Roofing Products and Assemblies. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2013. Published November 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6381 – 08. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6381_D6381M-08R13E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D6381/D6381M − 08 (2013)
4. Summary of Test Method 5.4 When using this method in conjunction with Test
Method D7158 to determine the uplift resistance of shingles as
4.1 The test specimens are constructed from pieces of
part of the determination of wind resistance of the shingles,
shingles, overlaid and sealed prior to testing.All specimens are
determine the appropriate procedure (Procedure A, Procedure
then conditioned and tested at selected temperatures. Speci-
B, or both) in accordance with the discussion, and examples, of
mens are tested in ProcedureAby lifting the exposed edge and
shingle geometry and sealant configuration in Section 12.2 of
recording the uplift force required to break the seal, and in
Test Method D7158.
Procedure B, by recording the perpendicular force required to
break the seal.
6. Apparatus
6.1 The Tensile Testing Machine, shall be a constant-rate-
5. Significance and Use
of-extension (CRE) type.
5.1 Uplift resistance is one of the properties of an applied
6.2 Heavy-Duty Paper Cutter, steel rule, die, or template 95
shingle that relates to its ability to withstand wind forces. The
3 1 3
by 114 mm [3 ⁄4 by 4 ⁄2 in.] and 95 by 178 mm [3 ⁄4 by 7 in.]
mechanical tests described are laboratory methods to measure
for ProcedureA, and 102 by 152 mm [4 by 6 in.] and 95 by 38
that resistance at a designated temperature after the shingles
3 1
mm [3 ⁄4 by 1 ⁄2 in.] for Procedure B.
have been sealed under designated conditions.
5.1.1 No quantitative relationship has been established be-
6.3 The Test Fixture for Procedure A is a specially designed
tween the mechanical uplift resistance and uplift forces due to
apparatus and drawings are on file at ASTM International
the wind.
Headquarters. Fig. 1 is a photo of the apparatus in a typical
tensile testing machine with a specimen in place.
5.2 Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of
shingles in the field; for example, temperature, time, contami-
6.4 The Test Fixture for Procedure B is identical to that used
nation by dirt and debris, roof slope, and interference by
todetermineFastenerPull-ThroughResistanceinSpecification
misplaced fasteners. It is not the objective of this test method
D3462, except thata3mm[ ⁄8 in.] -thick aluminum mask 102
to address all of these influences. This test method is designed
by 152 mm [4 by 6 in.] with a central opening 44 by 102 mm
to determine the mechanical uplift resistance when represen-
[1 ⁄4 by 4 in.] is used to restrain the specimen, and a 95 mm
3 1
tative specimens of shingles are sealed under selected condi-
[3 ⁄4 in.] length of 38 mm [1 ⁄2 in.] aluminum “T” section is
tions prior to testing.
used to apply the perpendicular uplift force to the specimen.
Two 127 mm [5 in.] equal lengths of chain form a bridle that
5.3 Procedure A produces lower results than Procedure B.
is hooked into holes drilled in the web of the “T” section. Fig.
Procedure A provides an edge-lift load value and Procedure B
2 is a photo of the apparatus in a typical tensile testing machine
provides a perpendicular load value. The procedure applicable
with a specimen in place.
to a specific product depends on the specific product design,
geometry, and rigidity. It is the responsibility of the user of this
test method to determine the appropriate procedure with
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
isAshcraft Machine and Supply Inc., 185 Wilson St., Newark, Ohio 43055. Specify
reference to the specific product and application. It is possible
Shingle Tab Uplift Tester, Model 102. If you are aware of alternative suppliers,
that engineering calculations would require both procedures to
please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your com-
be employed, and for both results to be used in the calculation
ments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical
of the resistance of that specific product to the effects of wind. committee, which you may attend.
FIG. 1 Shingle Uplift Test Apparatus—Procedure A
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D6381/D6381M − 08 (2013)
FIG. 2 Shingle Uplift Test Apparatus—Procedure B
6.4.1 The two chains are suspended from a common closed (caliper), and contamination level (back surface particles, and
S-hook that is pinned, but free to rotate, in the upper fixture of so forth) of the adhesive in the lot of material being investi-
the test machine. Open S-hooks attached to the end of each gated.
chain are inserted into holes drilled 6 mm [ ⁄4 in.] from each
7.3 When using ProcedureA, insertion of the test apparatus
end, and 13 mm [ ⁄2 in.] from the top, of the web of the “T”
canbeaproblemforcaseswherethesealantisbrittleandweak
section. This arrangement of hooks and chains forms a free-
or where it is applied close to the leading edge of the shingle.
swinging bridle that ensures perpendicular force application,
For these, and other such cases where normal insertion of the
and minimizes inducement of peeling forces, even when the
top clamp of the apparatus is a concern, an alternate technique
test specimens are not uniformly sealed along their length.
of attaching to the top of the specimen is not prohibited (see
6.5 Temperature-Controlled Chamber , to seal the 7.7.3).
specimens, capable of maintaining a temperature within
7.4 The sealant present on the specimen to be tested shall be
61.5°C [62.5°F] of the selected temperature. The sample tray
proportionally representative of the sealant present on the
shall be a rigid support large enough to hold specimens in the
shingle when it is installed in the field. For example, if the
chamber.
linear coverage of the sealant geometry on a shingle using
6.6 Temperature-Controlled Test Chamber, capable of con-
factory-applied sealant is 50 %, then the sealant shall cover
trol within 61.5°C [62.5°F] which shall be used when testing
50 % of the width of the test specimen.
the specimens at other than room temperature.
7.4.1 For a specimen representing field-applied sealant, for
example, if the sealant is in a dot pattern then the same dot size
7. Specimen Preparation
and pattern shall be used on the laboratory-prepared specimen,
following the manufacturer’s application instructions.
7.1 Samples for testing shall be selected in accordance with
the method specified in the sampling section of Test Methods
7.5 In Procedure A, a specimen consists of a bottom piece
D228.Thetestshallconsistoftenspecimenspertestcondition,
95 by 178 mm [3 ⁄4 by 7 in.]; and a top piece 95 by 114 mm
as described in the following paragraphs.
3 1
[3 ⁄4 by 4 ⁄2 in.]; both cut from one shingle as shown in Fig. 3a
7.2 Specimens taken from the sample of shingles shall be forsingle-layershinglesorFig.3bformulti-layershingles.For
representative of the typical geometry (area), thickness multi-layer shingles that do not have a single-layer area from
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D6381/D6381M − 08 (2013)
FIG. 3a Plan View of Shingle-Layer Shingle Showing Typical Specimen Locations
FIG. 3b Plan View of Multi-Layer Shingle Showing Typical Specimen Locations
FIG. 3 Plan View Showing Typical Specimen Locations
which to cut the top piece, cut the top piece at the point of the by 3 ⁄4 in.] both cut from one shingle as shown in Fig. 3a for
fewest layers. Longer or shorter specimens are not prohibited single-layer shingles, or Fig. 3b for multi-layer shingles. For
provided both clamps secure the specimen when it is aligned in multi-layer shingles that do not have a single-layer top piece,
the test fixture. The length of the specimens shall be deter- cut the top piece at the point of the fewest layers. Dimensional
mined for proper alignment in the fixture. Dimensional toler- tolerances are 63mm[6 ⁄8 in.] on the width and length of the
ances are 63mm[6 ⁄8 in.] on the width of the specimen. specimen.
7.6 In Procedure B, a specimen consists of a bottom piece 7.7 In ProcedureA, lay the top piece over the bottom piece,
102 by 152 mm [4 by 6 in.] and a top piece 38 by 95 mm [1 ⁄2 as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, and in a manner representative of
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D6381/D6381M − 08 (2013)
FIG. 4a Top and Side View of Test Specimen—Procedure A
FIG. 4b Side View of Multi-Layer Test Specimen—Procedure A
FIG. 4 Top and Side Views of Test Specimen—Procedure A
the actual alignment as specified in the shingle manufacturer’s (denoted A in Figs. 4a and 4b). This dimension shall be equal
application instructions. to the overlap in the specified application.
7.7.1 Not all multi-layer shingles have the sealant in the 7.7.2 Position the specimens on the tray without overlap-
same location on the shingle. Whether the sealant is on the top ping or stacking of the individual specimens.
of the bottom piece, or on the bottom of the top piece, the “A” 7.7.3 For cases when an alternate top attachment method is
dimension in Procedure A is determined by measuring the desired (see 7.3) a special metal connector shall be epoxy-
distance from the leading edge of the sealant to the leading bonded to the top piece of the specimen following sealant
edge of the top piece when the sample pieces are correctly bonding and prior to conditioning and testing. This metal
positioned (in accordance with 7.7). In the case where the connector shall be equal to the width of the specimen. It shall
sealant is on the back of the top piece, the bottom piece shall
be cut so that when the top piece is correctly positioned on the
bottom piece, the sealant is in contact with the lower shingle in
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
isAshcraftMachineandSupply,185WilsonSt.,Newark,Ohio43055,andspecified
the same area of the surface it would contact when correctly
on the drawings for the apparatus. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please
installed on a roof in accordance with the manufacturer’s
provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will
instructions. The critical dimension in Procedure A is the
receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committ
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6381 − 08 D6381/D6381M − 08 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6381;D6381/D6381M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected in November 2013.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is applicable
to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied sealant.
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These shingles,
when applied in accordance with the manufacturers’ application instructions, employ other means to provide resistance against the
forces generated by the action of wind such as geometry and shingle construction. Field experience has shown that these types of
shingles function satisfactorily in service. Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not practical to describe in this
test method how to test these shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope
of this test method.
1.3 This test method describes two procedures for measuring shingle uplift resistance. Procedure A employs a specially designed
apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force required to break the
seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T” section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to facilitate application and
measurement of a perpendicular force to break the seal.
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing
temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use conditions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the report.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered
standard. stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in Roofing and
Waterproofing
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
D3462 Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules
D7158 Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Uplift Force/Uplift Resistance Method)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definition of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1079.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on Steep
Roofing Products and Assemblies.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008Nov. 15, 2013. Published December 2008November 2013. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20032008
as D6381 – 03b.D6381 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D6381-08.10.1520/D6381_D6381M-08R13E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D6381/D6381M − 08 (2013)
3.2.1 seal—as it relates to steep roofing shingles, is the bonding that results from the activation of the sealant under the action
of time and temperature.
3.2.2 sealant—as it relates to steep roofing shingles, is defined as factory-applied or field-applied material designed to seal the
shingles to each other under the action of time and temperature after the shingles are applied to a roof.
3.2.3 sealed—as it relates to steep roofing shingles, is the condition of the shingles after the sealant has been activated by the
action of time and temperature.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The test specimens are constructed from pieces of shingles, overlaid and sealed prior to testing. All specimens are then
conditioned and tested at selected temperatures. Specimens are tested in Procedure A by lifting the exposed edge and recording
the uplift force required to break the seal, and in Procedure B, by recording the perpendicular force required to break the seal.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Uplift resistance is one of the properties of an applied shingle that relates to its ability to withstand wind forces. The
mechanical tests described are laboratory methods to measure that resistance at a designated temperature after the shingles have
been sealed under designated conditions.
5.1.1 No quantitative relationship has been established between the mechanical uplift resistance and uplift forces due to the
wind.
5.2 Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of shingles in the field; for example, temperature, time, contamination by
dirt and debris, roof slope, and interference by misplaced fasteners. It is not the objective of this test method to address all of these
influences. This test method is designed to determine the mechanical uplift resistance when representative specimens of shingles
are sealed under selected conditions prior to testing.
5.3 Procedure A produces lower results than Procedure B. Procedure A provides an edge-lift load value and Procedure B
provides a perpendicular load value. The procedure applicable to a specific product depends on the specific product design,
geometry, and rigidity. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to determine the appropriate procedure with reference
to the specific product and application. It is possible that engineering calculations would require both procedures to be employed,
and for both results to be used in the calculation of the resistance of that specific product to the effects of wind.
5.4 When using this method in conjunction with Test Method D7158 to determine the uplift resistance of shingles as part of
the determination of wind resistance of the shingles, determine the appropriate procedure (Procedure A, Procedure B, or both) in
accordance with the discussion, and examples, of shingle geometry and sealant configuration in Section 12.2 of Test Method
D7158.
6. Apparatus
6.1 The Tensile Testing Machine, shall be a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) type.
3 1 3
6.2 Heavy-Duty Paper Cutter, steel rule, die, or template 95 by 114 mm (3[3 ⁄4 by 4 ⁄2 in.)in.] and 95 by 178 mm (3[3 ⁄4 by 7
3 1
in.)in.] for Procedure A, and 102 by 152 mm (4[4 by 6 in.)in.] and 95 by 38 mm (3[3 ⁄4 by 1 ⁄2 in.)in.] for Procedure B.
FIG. 1 Shingle Uplift Test Apparatus—Procedure A
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D6381/D6381M − 08 (2013)
6.3 The Test Fixture for Procedure A is a specially designed apparatus and drawings are on file at ASTM International
Headquarters. Fig. 1 is a photo of the apparatus in a typical tensile testing machine with a specimen in place.
6.4 The Test Fixture for Procedure B is identical to that used to determine Fastener Pull-Through Resistance in Specification
D3462, except that a 3 mm ([ ⁄8 in.)in.] -thick aluminum mask 102 by 152 mm (4[4 by 6 in.)in.] with a central opening 44 by 102
3 3 1
mm (1[1 ⁄4 by 4 in.)in.] is used to restrain the specimen, and a 95 mm (3[3 ⁄4 in.)in.] length of 38 mm (1[1 ⁄2 in.)in.] aluminum
“T” section is used to apply the perpendicular uplift force to the specimen. Two 127 mm (5 in.)[5 in.] equal lengths of chain form
a bridle that is hooked into holes drilled in the web of the “T” section. Fig. 2 is a photo of the apparatus in a typical tensile testing
machine with a specimen in place.
6.4.1 The two chains are suspended from a common closed S-hook that is pinned, but free to rotate, in the upper fixture of the
test machine. Open S-hooks attached to the end of each chain are inserted into holes drilled 6 mm ([ ⁄4 in.)in.] from each end, and
13 mm ([ ⁄2 in.)in.] from the top, of the web of the “T” section. This arrangement of hooks and chains forms a free-swinging bridle
that ensures perpendicular force application, and minimizes inducement of peeling forces, even when the test specimens are not
uniformly sealed along their length.
6.5 Temperature-Controlled Chamber , to seal the specimens, capable of maintaining a temperature within 61.5°C
(62.5°F)[62.5°F] of the selected temperature. The sample tray shall be a rigid support large enough to hold specimens in the
chamber.
6.6 Temperature-Controlled Test Chamber, capable of control within 61.5°C (62.5°F)[62.5°F] which shall be used when
testing the specimens at other than room temperature.
7. Specimen Preparation
7.1 Samples for testing shall be selected in accordance with the method specified in the sampling section of Test Methods D228.
The test shall consist of ten specimens per test condition, as described in the following paragraphs.
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Ashcraft Machine and Supply Inc., 185 Wilson St., Newark, Ohio 43055. Specify
Shingle Tab Uplift Tester, Model 102. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will
receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
FIG. 2 Shingle Uplift Test Apparatus—Procedure B
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D6381/D6381M − 08 (2013)
7.2 Specimens taken from the sample of shingles shall be representative of the typical geometry (area), thickness (caliper), and
contamination level (back surface particles, and so forth) of the adhesive in the lot of material being investigated.
7.3 When using Procedure A, insertion of the test apparatus can be a problem for cases where the sealant is brittle and weak
or where it is applied close to the leading edge of the shingle. For these, and other such cases where normal insertion of the top
clamp of the apparatus is a concern, an alternate technique of attaching to the top of the specimen is not prohibited (see 7.7.3).
7.4 The sealant present on the specimen to be tested shall be proportionally representative of the sealant present on the shingle
when it is installed in the field. For example, if the linear coverage of the sealant geometry on a shingle using factory-applied
sealant is 50 %, then the sealant shall cover 50 % of the width of the test specimen.
7.4.1 For a specimen representing field-applied sealant, for example, if the sealant is in a dot pattern then the same dot size and
pattern shall be used on the laboratory-prepared specimen, following the manufacturer’s application instructions.
7.5 In Procedure A, a specimen consists of a bottom piece 95 by 178 mm (3[3 ⁄4 by 7 in.);in.]; and a top piece 95 by 114 mm
3 1
(3[3 ⁄4 by 4 ⁄2 in.);in.]; both cut from one shingle as shown in Fig. 3a for single-layer shingles or Fig. 3b for multi-layer shingles.
For multi-layer shingles that do not have a single-layer area from which to cut the top piece, cut the top piece at the point of the
fewest layers. Longer or shorter specimens are not prohibited provided both clamps secure the specimen when it is aligned in the
test fixture. The length of the specimens shall be determined for proper alignment in the fixture. Dimensional tolerances are 63
mm (6[6 ⁄8 in.)in.] on the width of the specimen.
7.6 In Procedure B, a specimen consists of a bottom piece 102 by 152 mm (4[4 by 6 in.)in.] and a top piece 38 by 95 mm (1[1 ⁄2
by 3 ⁄4 in.)in.] both cut from one shingle as shown in Fig. 3a for single-layer shingles, or Fig. 3b for multi-layer shingles. For
multi-layer shingles that do not have a single-layer top piece, cut the top piece at the point of the fewest layers. Dimensional
tolerances are 63 mm (6[6 ⁄8 in.)in.] on the width and length of the specimen.
7.7 In Procedure A, lay the top piece over the bottom piece, as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, and in a manner representative of the
actual alignment as specified in the shingle manufacturer’s application instructions.
7.7.1 Not all multi-layer shingles have the sealant in the same location on the shingle. Whether the sealant is on the top of the
bottom piece, or on the bottom of the top piece, the “A” dimension in Procedure A is determined by measuring the distance from
the leading edge of the sealant to the leading edge of the top piece when the sample pieces are correctly positioned (in accordance
with 7.7). In the case where the sealant is on the back of the top piece, the bottom piece shall be cut so that when the top piece
is correctly positioned on the bottom piece, the sealant is in contact with the lower shingle in the same area of the surface it would
contact when correctly installed on a roof in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The critical dimension in Procedure
A is the distance the top piece overlaps the sealant on the bottom piece (denoted A in Figs. 4a and 4b). This dimension shall be
equal to the overlap in the specified application.
7.7.2 Position the specimens on the tray without overlapping or stacking of the individual specimens.
7.7.3 For cases when an alternate top attachment method is desired (see 7.3) a special metal connector shall be epoxy-bonded
to the top piece of the specimen following sealant bonding and prior to conditioning and testing. This metal connector shall be
equal to the width of the specimen. It shall be positioned at the edge of the top piece and bonded to adequately attach to the top
of the specimen to facilitate i
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