ASTM D6381-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift Resistance
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift Resistance
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Uplift resistance is one of the properties of an applied shingle that relates to its ability to withstand wind forces. The mechanical tests described are laboratory methods to measure that resistance at a designated temperature after the shingles have been sealed under designated conditions.
No quantitative relationship has been established between the mechanical uplift resistance and uplift forces due to the wind.
Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of shingles in the field; for example, temperature, time, contamination by dirt and debris, roof slope, and interference by misplaced fasteners. It is not the objective of this test method to address all of these influences. This test method is designed to determine the mechanical uplift resistance when representative specimens of shingles are sealed under selected conditions prior to testing.
Procedure A produces lower results than Procedure B. Procedure A provides an edge-lift load value and Procedure B provides a perpendicular load value. The procedure applicable to a specific product depends on the specific product design, geometry, and rigidity. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to determine the appropriate procedure with reference to the specific product and application. It is possible that engineering calculations would require both procedures to be employed, and for both results to be used in the calculation of the resistance of that specific product to the effects of wind.
When using this method in conjunction with Test Method D 7158 to determine the uplift resistance of shingles as part of the determination of wind resistance of the shingles, determine the appropriate procedure (Procedure A, Procedure B, or both) in accordance with the discussion, and examples, of shingle geometry and sealant configuration in Section 12.2 of Test Method D 7158.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is applicable to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied sealant.
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These shingles, when applied in accordance with the manufacturers' application instructions, employ other means to provide resistance against the forces generated by the action of wind such as geometry and shingle construction. Field experience has shown that these types of shingles function satisfactorily in service. Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not practical to describe in this test method how to test these shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope of this test method.
1.3 This test method describes two procedures for measuring shingle uplift resistance. Procedure A employs a specially designed apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force required to break the seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T” section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to facilitate application and measurement of a perpendicular force to break the seal.
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use conditions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the report.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6381 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift
1
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is appli-
cable to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied
2. Referenced Documents
sealant.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service
D228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of
without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These
Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in
shingles, when applied in accordance with the manufacturers’
Roofing and Waterproofing
application instructions, employ other means to provide resis-
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
tanceagainsttheforcesgeneratedbytheactionofwindsuchas
D3462 Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass
geometryandshingleconstruction.Fieldexperiencehasshown
Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules
that these types of shingles function satisfactorily in service.
D7158 TestMethodforWindResistanceofAsphaltShingles
Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not
(Uplift Force/Uplift Resistance Method)
practical to describe in this test method how to test these
3. Terminology
shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of
shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope of this test method.
3.1 Definitions—For definition of terms used in this test
method, refer to Terminology D1079.
1.3 This test method describes two procedures for measur-
ing shingle uplift resistance. Procedure A employs a specially
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
designed apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates
3.2.1 seal—as it relates to steep roofing shingles,isthe
lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force
bonding that results from the activation of the sealant under the
required to break the seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T”
action of time and temperature.
section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to
3.2.2 sealant—as it relates to steep roofing shingles,is
facilitate application and measurement of a perpendicular force
defined as factory-applied or field-applied material designed to
to break the seal.
seal the shingles to each other under the action of time and
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range temperature after the shingles are applied to a roof.
of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing
3.2.3 sealed—as it relates to steep roofing shingles,isthe
temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use condi-
condition of the shingles after the sealant has been activated by
tions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the
the action of time and temperature.
report.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 The test specimens are constructed from pieces of
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
shingles, overlaid and sealed prior to testing.All specimens are
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
then conditioned and tested at selected temperatures. Speci-
tion only and are not considered standard.
mens are tested in ProcedureAby lifting the exposed edge and
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
recording the uplift force required to break the seal, and in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Procedure B, by recording the perpendicular force required to
break the seal.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
andWaterproofingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD08.02onSteep
2
Roofing Products and Assemblies. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6381 – 03b. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6381-08. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 -----------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6381–03b Designation:D6381–08
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift
1
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is applicable
to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied sealant.
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These shingles,
when applied in accordance with the manufacturers’ application instructions, employ other means to provide resistance against the
forces generated by the action of wind such as geometry and shingle construction. Field experience has shown that these types of
shingles function satisfactorily in service. Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not practical to describe in this
test method how to test these shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope
of this test method.
1.3 Thistestmethoddescribestwoproceduresformeasuringshingleupliftresistance.ProcedureAemploysaspeciallydesigned
apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force required to break the
seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T” section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to facilitate application and
measurement of a perpendicular force to break the seal.
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing
temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use conditions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the report.
1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in Roofing
and Waterproofing
D 1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing, Waterproofing, and Bituminous Materials Terminology Relating to Roofing and
Waterproofing
D 3462 Specification forAsphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules Specification forAsphalt
Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules
D 7158 Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Uplift Force/Uplift Resistance Method)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definition of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D 1079.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 seal—as it relates to steep roofing shingles, is the bonding that results from the activation of the sealant under the action
of time and temperature.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on Prepared
Roofings, Shingles and Siding Materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2003.2008. Published January 2004.December 2008. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as
D 6381 – 03ab.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6381–08
3.2.2 sealant—as it relates to steep roofing shingles, is defined as factory-applied or field-applied material designed to seal the
shingles to each other under the action
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6381–03b Designation:D6381–08
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Asphalt Shingle Mechanical Uplift
1
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is applicable
to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied sealant.
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These shingles,
when applied in accordance with the manufacturers’ application instructions, employ other means to provide resistance against the
forces generated by the action of wind such as geometry and shingle construction. Field experience has shown that these types of
shingles function satisfactorily in service. Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not practical to describe in this
test method how to test these shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope
of this test method.
1.3 Thistestmethoddescribestwoproceduresformeasuringshingleupliftresistance.ProcedureAemploysaspeciallydesigned
apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force required to break the
seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T” section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to facilitate application and
measurement of a perpendicular force to break the seal.
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing
temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use conditions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the report.
1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in Roofing
and Waterproofing
D 1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing, Waterproofing, and Bituminous Materials Terminology Relating to Roofing and
Waterproofing
D 3462 Specification forAsphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules Specification forAsphalt
Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules
D 7158 Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Uplift Force/Uplift Resistance Method)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definition of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D 1079.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 seal—as it relates to steep roofing shingles, is the bonding that results from the activation of the sealant under the action
of time and temperature.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on Prepared
Roofings, Shingles and Siding Materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2003.2008. Published January 2004.December 2008. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as
D 6381 – 03ab.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6381–08
3.2.2 sealant—as it relates to steep roofing shingles, is defined as factory-applied or field-applied material designed to seal the
shingles to each other under the action
...
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