ASTM F2456-20

Standard Specification for Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers youth-resistant firearms containers (YRFCs), which are lockable containers that completely contain firearm(s) to prevent unauthorized access to firearm(s). Removal of the contents of the YRFC shall be prevented, except by use of a qualified lock or other unique qualified methods, or both, as defined by the instructions accompanying the YRFC. Cycle test, picking test, plug torque test, manipulation test, handle torque test, drop test, tensile strength test, shock test, saw test, pry attack test, hinge attack test, and flammability test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. The instructions on how to use YRFC are presented in details.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers youth-resistant firearms containers (YRFCs), which are lockable containers that completely contain firearm(s) to prevent unauthorized access to firearm(s). These containers can be mechanical, electromechanical, or combination thereof. This specification:  
1.1.1 Establishes a moderate security level for firearms storage intended to prevent youths from gaining unauthorized access to firearm(s); and  
1.1.2 Establishes a consistent standard for testing and compliance certification.  
1.2 This specification contains functional, operational, safety, and performance requirements for YRFCs.  
1.3 This specification does not apply to transport-type firearm carrying cases, full-sized light gun cabinets, gun safes, high security gun safes, or container for firearms that exceed a length of 508 mm (20 in.).  
1.4 This specification is intended to prevent unauthorized access to children up to and including age eleven.  
1.5 This specification is not intended to:  
1.5.1 Ensure theft resistance of the YRFC or the contents of the YRFC; or  
1.5.2 Ensure quick access to a firearm or assure long-term reliability of the YRFC operation to provide quick access to a firearm.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2020
• ICS: 13.310 - Protection against crime
• Technical Committee: F15 - Consumer Products
• Drafting Committee: F15.55 - Firearm Security Containers

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D5025-20a - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2020
• Refers: ASTM D5025-20 - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2020
• Refers: ASTM D5025-12 - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2012
• Refers: ASTM D5025-12e1 - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2012
• Refers: ASTM D5025-11 - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM D5025-05 - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2005
• Refers: ASTM D5025-99 - Standard Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999

Overview

ASTM F2456-20: Standard Specification for Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs) establishes requirements for lockable containers designed to prevent unauthorized access to firearms, specifically by children eleven years old or younger. Developed by ASTM International, this standard defines functional, operational, safety, and performance requirements for YRFCs to support gun safety in households and other environments. It aims to provide a consistent benchmark for moderate security firearms storage, ensuring products are tested and certified for compliance.

Key Topics

• Scope and Intent

  • Applies to containers that completely enclose firearms, preventing unauthorized access by youths.
  • Covers mechanical, electromechanical, and combination locking mechanisms.
  • Excludes transport-type gun cases, full-sized light gun cabinets, gun safes, high-security gun safes, or containers for firearms over 508 mm (20 in.) in length.

• Required Tests

  • Cycle test
  • Picking test
  • Plug torque test
  • Manipulation test
  • Handle torque test
  • Drop test
  • Tensile strength test
  • Shock test
  • Saw attack test
  • Pry attack test
  • Hinge attack test
  • Flammability test

• Lock and Access Control Criteria

  • Key locking devices: Minimum of 130 unique key configurations.
  • Token-based locks: Minimum of 10,000 unique signatures.
  • Combination locks: At least 1,000 possible combinations.
  • Digital locks: Minimum 1,000 possible combinations and a penalty lockout for multiple failed attempts.
  • Biometric locks: Strict acceptance criteria to minimize unauthorized access.

• Marking, Labeling, and Instructions

  • Mandatory labeling for compliance and traceability.
  • Clear user instructions for proper operation, security, anchoring, and safe handling of firearms.

• Limitations

  • Not designed to provide theft resistance or guarantee quick firearm access.
  • Focuses solely on restricting firearm access to children.

Applications

Youth-resistant firearms containers play a critical role in gun safety by minimizing the risk of accidental discharge or misuse by children. Key applications include:

• Residential Gun Safety: Homeowners can use YRFCs to secure firearms, ensuring children cannot access loaded or unloaded guns.
• Retail Compliance: Manufacturers and retailers benefit from compliance labeling, promoting trust and meeting consumer safety expectations.
• Institutional Use: Schools, shooting clubs, and organizations that store firearms for educational or training purposes can utilize YRFCs as part of their safety protocols.
• Certification and Reporting: The standard outlines requirements for test reporting and documentation, facilitating regulatory compliance and consumer assurance.

Related Standards

• ASTM D5025: Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials, referenced for flammability testing.
• Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) Guidelines: ASTM F2456-20 was developed at the request of CPSC and aligns with broader product safety initiatives.
• Other ASTM Firearm Security Standards: While F2456-20 focuses on youth-resistant containers, other standards address full-sized gun safes and security cabinets.

Practical Value

ASTM F2456-20 supports responsible firearm storage by providing:

• Consistent Performance Benchmarks: Ensures youth-resistant gun containers meet minimum standards for security and function through rigorous, repeatable tests.
• Increased Safety: Reduces accidental gun-related incidents involving children.
• Enhanced Consumer Confidence: Clearly labeled and certified products give peace of mind to gun owners, resellers, and regulatory bodies.
• Regulatory and Insurance Compliance: Accredited products may help meet local legal requirements or insurance stipulations regarding firearm safety.

Keywords: youth-resistant firearm container, firearm safety, lockable gun container, ASTM F2456-20, safe firearm storage, moderate security, unauthorized access prevention.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2456 −20
Standard Specification for
Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2456; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification is intended to establish means of determining whether Youth Resistant Firearms
Containers (YRFCs) adequately serve the purpose of deterring the unauthorized access to and use of
firearms by youths. Subcommittee F15.55 on Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs) first
issued the standard in 2004 at the request of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
and others that ASTM publish a standard for Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs).
The subcommittee defined the scope of their work to develop a standard for those products. A
single, minimum performance standard for all devices, as opposed to defining several “grades” or
performance levels. Finally, the subcommittee focused on test methods that were objective, realistic,
reliable, and repeatable.
1. Scope 1.5.2 Ensure quick access to a firearm or assure long-term
reliability of the YRFC operation to provide quick access to a
1.1 This specification covers youth-resistant firearms con-
firearm.
tainers (YRFCs), which are lockable containers that com-
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
pletely contain firearm(s) to prevent unauthorized access to
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
firearm(s). These containers can be mechanical,
electromechanical, or combination thereof. This specification:
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test method portions of this specification: This standard does
1.1.1 Establishes a moderate security level for firearms
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
storage intended to prevent youths from gaining unauthorized
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
access to firearm(s); and
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
1.1.2 Establishes a consistent standard for testing and com-
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
pliance certification.
limitations prior to use.
1.2 This specification contains functional, operational,
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
safety, and performance requirements for YRFCs.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.3 This specification does not apply to transport-type
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
firearm carrying cases, full-sized light gun cabinets, gun safes,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
high security gun safes, or container for firearms that exceed a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
length of 508 mm (20 in.).
1.4 This specification is intended to prevent unauthorized
2. Referenced Documents
access to children up to and including age eleven.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.5 This specification is not intended to: D5025Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-
Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
1.5.1 Ensure theft resistance of theYRFC or the contents of
the YRFC; or
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.55 on
Firearm Security Containers. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F2456–19a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F2456-20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2456 − 20
3.1.1 action, n—combination of the receiver or frame and 3.1.17 youth-resistant firearms container (YRFC),
breech bolt together with the parts of the mechanism by which n—lockable security container designed to contain firearm(s)
a firearm is loaded, fired, and unloaded. completely and to prevent youths from gaining access to
firearm(s).
3.1.2 barrel, n—firearmcomponentthroughwhichaprojec-
tile travels. May be rifled or smooth bore.
4. Calibration and Standardization
3.1.3 code entry mechanism, n—in a combination locking
4.1 All tests shall be conducted within the following toler-
device, it is a dial, wheel, or buttons which allow the user to
ances as applicable:
input a predetermined code to open the lock.
4.1.1 All tests shall be conducted at temperatures between
16°C and 27°C (61°F and 81°F).
3.1.4 combination locking device, n—mechanical locking
4.1.2 All tests shall be conducted with relative humidity
device designed to provide controlled opening of anYRFC by
between 30% and 95%.
entry of a combination known only by an authorized user(s).
4.2 Test specimens shall mechanically represent the exact
3.1.5 compromised, adj—circumstance in which the open-
product intended for sale to the public.
ing element of the YRFC may not be disabled, yet allows
4.2.1 Cosmetic product modifications or changes are
removal of the firearm block from the container by hand
allowed, provided they do not alter the product’s mechanical
without the use of tools.
attributes.
3.1.6 digital locking device, n—electromechanical lock that
4.3 One technician conducts testing for any single test.
provides controlled opening of a YRFC by entry of a combi-
nation known only by an authorized user(s), or provides a
4.4 The testing technician or laboratory staff, or both, shall
means to read and validate a unique user attribute (as in not open the test specimens for inspection before any testing.
biometric recognition devices), or both.
4.5 The testing technician shall not consult with other
laboratory staff or observers as it relates to the techniques and
3.1.7 disable, v—defeating and opening the YRFC so as to
allow removal of the firearm block. methods used in the testing.
4.6 Test specimens shall not be anchored, clamped, or
3.1.8 firearm, n—abarrelandactionfromwhichaprojectile
otherwise immobilized to conduct testing, except where speci-
is propelled through a deflagration (burning) of propellant.
fied.
3.1.9 key, n—an object intended by the manufacturer to be
4.7 A wooden firearm block shall be used to represent a
inserted into the keyway as a means to lock or unlock the
firearm for placement inside the YRFC. The YRFC manufac-
locking device.
turer shall produce and install these blocks in each specimen
3.1.10 key locking device, n—mechanical or electrome-
before submission for testing.
chanical locking device that requires a key or token to provide
4.8 Test specimens shall be delivered to the testing labora-
controlled opening of a YRFC.
tory in a locked condition with a firearm block inside each
3.1.11 keyway, n—opening in a key locking device that is
specimen.
shaped to accept a key.
4.9 If a test results in disabling or compromising a test
3.1.12 locking device, n—a device that is integral to the
specimen, the testing technician shall not inspect the failed
YRFC that locks and unlocks the YRFC.
specimen to gain knowledge for use in subsequent tests.
3.1.13 manipulation, n—process of code testing a combina-
4.10 Retesting of a single failed test is allowed to complete
tion in an attempt to cause the locking device to open.
a certification of compliance. Retesting does not require
rerunning tests previously resulting in a passing result.
3.1.13.1 Discussion—Manipulationcanrepresentrandomor
methodical code entry attempts or mechanical interpretation of
5. General Requirements
lock reaction to code entry, or both, in which the lock may
provide measurable or tactile feedback to code input.
5.1 Removal of the contents of the YRFC shall be
prevented,exceptbyuseofakey,combination,orotherunique
3.1.14 opening element, n—component of theYRFC that is
method, or a combination thereof, as defined by the instruc-
opened (door, lid, and so forth) to access and remove the
tions accompanying the YRFC. In the case of biometric
firearm contained inside.
recognition features, these are programmed into the YRFC by
3.1.15 token, n—small portable key-like electronic device
the authorized user(s) prior to use in accordance with the
that provides a unique digital serial number or signature and
manufacturer’s instructions.
actsasasuitablesecuresubstituteforconventionalmechanical
5.2 Key locking devices shall be constructed to operate
keys.
when the intended key(s) or token(s) are used and shall meet
3.1.15.1 Discussion—Tokens can transmit a signature by
the following additional requirements:
direct electrical connection or via wireless communications
5.2.1 Key locking devices that use a key shall have a
techniques (light transmission, radio frequency transmission,
minimum of 130 unique key configurations
vibration, magnets, and so forth).
5.2.2 Key locking devices that use a token shall provide a
3.1.16 youth, n—child eleven years old or younger. minimum of 10000 possible serial numbers or signatures.
F2456 − 20
5.2.3 The operability of eachYRFC shall be limited to only 6.3.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a
one key configuration. keyway or access point(s) that provide tool insertion.
5.2.4 Creating a key or token that unlocks all key locking
6.4 Manipulation Requirement for Combination or Digital
devicesisprohibited,asitprovidesmorethanonekeyortoken
YRFC:
to operate the key locking device.
6.4.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the manipulation
5.3 A combination locking device shall meet the following testing in 7.4.
6.4.2 Failure occurs if the combination or digital locking
additional requirements:
device is disabled during the 2 minutes of manipulation,
5.3.1 The code entry mechanism shall provide a minimum
causingtheYRFCtoopenandallowingremovalofthefirearm
of 1000 possible combinations with at least three characters or
block.
input steps in a combination.
6.4.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a
5.3.2 Combination locking devices that support multiple
combination or digital locking device.
users shall provide 1000 possible combinations per user.
6.5 Handle Torque Requirements:
5.4 A digital locking device shall meet the following addi-
6.5.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the manipulation
tional requirements:
testing in 7.5.
5.4.1 A digital locking device shall require the dialing or
6.5.2 Failure occurs if the locking device is disabled,
input of a combination providing a minimum of 1000 possible
causingtheYRFCtoopenandallowingremovalofthefirearm
combinations with at least four characters or input steps in a
block.
combination.
6.5.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a
5.4.2 Digital locking devices that support multiple users
handle.
shall provide 1000 possible combinations per user.
5.4.3 Digitallockingdevicesshallprovideapenaltylockout
6.6 Impact Requirements:
feature to prevent rapid code testing. The minimum penalty
6.6.1 TheYRFCshallbesubjectedtothedroptestingin7.6.
lockout period is 2 minutes for every five incorrect entry
6.6.2 Products that weigh more than 25 kg (55 lb) shall not
attempts.
be subject to drop testing.
5.4.4 Digital locks that utilize biometric recognition locks
6.6.3 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or
shall provide ample identification data points or resolution to
compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools
allow access to no more than 1 in 10000 possible users.
(by hand) within 1 minute after the test is completed and the
5.4.5 Digital locks may provide a “back door” for service,
drop fixture is removed.
but this combination shall provide a minimum of 1 in 100000
6.7 Opening Element Tensile Strength Requirements:
possible combinations.
6.7.1 TheYRFC shall be subjected to a tensile strength test
5.5 Digital locking devices with biometric recognition lock
in 7.7.
features shall be received by the user in a condition such that
6.7.2 The YRFC is exempt from tensile strength testing if
locks shall not open with the biometric entry method until the
the opening element has no points of attachment or exposed
authorized user programs a unique biometric method into the
edge to pull upon.
YRFC.
6.7.3 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or
compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools
6. Performance Requirements
(by hand) within 1 minute after the test is completed and the
attachment device is removed.
6.1 Cycle Requirements:
6.7.4 Ifthetool’sattachmentpointbreaksofforfailsduring
6.1.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the cycle testing in
the test, the YRFC is judged as passing this test.
7.1.
6.1.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC does not open or lock
6.8 Shock Requirements:
according to the manufacturer’s intended means of operation.
6.8.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a shock test in 7.8.
6.8.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compro-
6.2 Picking Requirements:
mised or can be opened or compromised without tools (by
6.2.1 TheYRFC shall be subjected to the picking testing in
hand) within 1 minute after the test is completed.
7.2.
6.2.2 Failure occurs if the locking device is disabled, 6.9 Saw Requirements:
causingtheYRFCtoopenandallowingremovalofthefirearm
6.9.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a saw cutting attack
block. test in 7.9.
6.2.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a 6.9.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or
keyway or access point(s) that provide tool insertion.
compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools
(by hand) within 15 s after the test is completed.
6.3 Torque Test for Keyway YRFC:
6.3.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the torque testing in 6.10 Prying Requirements:
7.3. 6.10.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a pry attack test in
6.3.2 Failure occurs if the locking device is disabled, 7.10.
causingtheYRFCtoopenandallowingremovalofthefirearm 6.10.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compro-
block. mised.
F2456 − 20
6.11 Hinge Requirements: 7.3.2 Test Procedure:
6.11.1 TheYRFC will be subjected to a hinge attack test in 7.3.2.1 Install theYRFC in a rigid fixture, such as a vice, to
7.11.
support it firmly but not to restrict free rotation of the keyway.
6.11.2 ThistestdoesnotapplyiftheYRFCdoesnothavean
7.3.2.2 Insert a screwdriver with the largest flat blade (but
exposed hinge or hinge components.
not to exceed ⁄8 in. or 16 mm) that will fit into the keyway.
6.11.3 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compro-
7.3.2.3 Apply a torque load of 10 N-m (89 in.-lbf).
mised.
7.4 Manipulation Test:
6.12 Flammability Requirements:
7.4.1 Test Equipment:
6.12.1 TheYRFCshallbesubjectedtoaflammabilitytestin
7.4.1.1 A stopwatch capable of measuring a 2-minute time
7.12.
period.
6.12.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or
7.4.2 Test Procedure:
compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools
7.4.2.1 For a combination locking device, ma
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2456 − 19a F2456 − 20
Standard Specification for
Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2456; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification is intended to establish means of determining whether Youth Resistant Firearms
Containers (YRFCs) adequately serve the purpose of deterring the unauthorized access to and use of
firearms by youths. Subcommittee F15.55 on Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs) first
issued the standard in 2004 at the request of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
and others that ASTM publish a standard for Youth-Resistant Firearms Containers (YRFCs).
The subcommittee defined the scope of their work to develop a standard for those products. A
single, minimum performance standard for all devices, as opposed to defining several “grades” or
performance levels. Finally, the subcommittee focused on test methods that were objective, realistic,
reliable, and repeatable.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers youth-resistant firearms containers (YRFCs), which are lockable containers that completely contain
firearm(s) to prevent unauthorized access to firearm(s). These containers can be mechanical, electromechanical, or combination
thereof. This specification:
1.1.1 Establishes a moderate security level for firearms storage intended to prevent youths from gaining unauthorized access to
firearm(s); and
1.1.2 Establishes a consistent standard for testing and compliance certification.
1.2 This specification contains functional, operational, safety, and performance requirements for YRFCs.
1.3 This specification does not apply to transport-type firearm carrying cases, full-sized light gun cabinets, gun safes, high security
gun safes, or container for firearms that exceed a length of 508 mm (20 in.).
1.4 This specification is intended to prevent unauthorized access to children up to and including age eleven.
1.5 This specification is not intended to:
1.5.1 Ensure theft resistance of the YRFC or the contents of the YRFC; or
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.55 on Firearm Security
Containers.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019Dec. 1, 2020. Published October 2019December 2020. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as
ɛ1
F2456 – 19F2456 – 19a. . DOI: 10.1520/F2456-19a.10.1520/F2456-20.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2456 − 20
1.5.2 Ensure quick access to a firearm or assure long-term reliability of the YRFC operation to provide quick access to a firearm.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification: This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 action, n—combination of the receiver or frame and breech bolt together with the parts of the mechanism by which a firearm
is loaded, fired, and unloaded.
3.1.2 barrel, n—firearm component through which a projectile travels. May be rifled or smooth bore.
3.1.3 code entry mechanism, n—in a combination locking device, it is a dial, wheel, or buttons which allow the user to input a
predetermined code to open the lock.
3.1.4 combination locking device, n—mechanical locking device designed to provide controlled opening of an YRFC by entry of
a combination known only by an authorized user(s).
3.1.5 compromised, adj—circumstance in which the opening element of the YRFC may not be disabled, yet allows removal of the
firearm block from the container by hand without the use of tools.
3.1.6 digital locking device, n—electromechanical lock that provides controlled opening of a YRFC by entry of a combination
known only by an authorized user(s), or provides a means to read and validate a unique user attribute (as in biometric recognition
devices), or both.
3.1.7 disable, v—defeating and opening the YRFC so as to allow removal of the firearm block.
3.1.8 firearm, n—a barrel and action from which a projectile is propelled through a deflagration (burning) of propellant.
3.1.9 key, n—an object intended by the manufacturer to be inserted into the keyway as a means to lock or unlock the locking
device.
3.1.10 key locking device, n—mechanical or electromechanical locking device that requires a key or token to provide controlled
opening of a YRFC.
3.1.11 keyway, n—opening in a key locking device that is shaped to accept a key.
3.1.12 locking device, n—a device that is integral to the YRFC that locks and unlocks the YRFC.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
F2456 − 20
3.1.13 manipulation, n—process of code testing a combination in an attempt to cause the locking device to open.
3.1.13.1 Discussion—
Manipulation can represent random or methodical code entry attempts or mechanical interpretation of lock reaction to code entry,
or both, in which the lock may provide measurable or tactile feedback to code input.
3.1.14 opening element, n—component of the YRFC that is opened (door, lid, and so forth) to access and remove the firearm
contained inside.
3.1.15 token, n—small portable key-like electronic device that provides a unique digital serial number or signature and acts as a
suitable secure substitute for conventional mechanical keys.
3.1.15.1 Discussion—
Tokens can transmit a signature by direct electrical connection or via wireless communications techniques (light transmission,
radio frequency transmission, vibration, magnets, and so forth).
3.1.16 youth, n—child eleven years old or younger.
3.1.17 youth-resistant firearms container (YRFC), n—lockable security container designed to contain firearm(s) completely and
to prevent youths from gaining access to firearm(s).
4. Calibration and Standardization
4.1 All tests shall be conducted within the following tolerances as applicable:
4.1.1 All tests shall be conducted at temperatures between 1616 °C and 27°F (6127 °C (61 °F and 81°F).81 °F).
4.1.2 All tests shall be conducted with relative humidity between 3030 % and 95 %.
4.2 Test specimens shall mechanically represent the exact product intended for sale to the public.
4.2.1 Cosmetic product modifications or changes are allowed, provided they do not alter the product’s mechanical attributes.
4.3 One technician conducts testing for any single test.
4.4 The testing technician or laboratory staff, or both, shall not open the test specimens for inspection before any testing.
4.5 The testing technician shall not consult with other laboratory staff or observers as it relates to the techniques and methods used
in the testing.
4.6 Test specimens shall not be anchored, clamped, or otherwise immobilized to conduct testing, except where specified.
4.7 A wooden firearm block shall be used to represent a firearm for placement inside the YRFC. The YRFC manufacturer shall
produce and install these blocks in each specimen before submission for testing.
4.8 Test specimens shall be delivered to the testing laboratory in a locked condition with a firearm block inside each specimen.
4.9 If a test results in disabling or compromising a test specimen, the testing technician shall not inspect the failed specimen to
gain knowledge for use in subsequent tests.
4.10 Retesting of a single failed test is allowed to complete a certification of compliance. Retesting does not require rerunning tests
previously resulting in a passing result.
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5. General Requirements
5.1 Removal of the contents of the YRFC shall be prevented, except by use of a key, combination, or other unique method, or a
combination thereof, as defined by the instructions accompanying the YRFC. In the case of biometric recognition features, these
are programmed into the YRFC by the authorized user(s) prior to use in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
5.2 Key locking devices shall be constructed to operate when the intended key(s) or token(s) are used and shall meet the following
additional requirements:
5.2.1 Key locking devices that use a key shall have a minimum of 130 unique key configurations
5.2.2 Key locking devices that use a token shall provide a minimum of 10 000 possible serial numbers or signatures.
5.2.3 The operability of each YRFC shall be limited to only one key configuration.
5.2.4 Creating a key or token that unlocks all key locking devices is prohibited, as it provides more than one key or token to
operate the key locking device.
5.3 A combination locking device shall meet the following additional requirements:
5.3.1 The code entry mechanism shall provide a minimum of 1000 possible combinations with at least three characters or input
steps in a combination.
5.3.2 Combination locking devices that support multiple users shall provide 1000 possible combinations per user.
5.4 A digital locking device shall meet the following additional requirements:
5.4.1 A digital locking device shall require the dialing or input of a combination providing a minimum of 1000 possible
combinations with at least four characters or input steps in a combination.
5.4.2 Digital locking devices that support multiple users shall provide 1000 possible combinations per user.
5.4.3 Digital locking devices shall provide a penalty lockout feature to prevent rapid code testing. The minimum penalty lockout
period is 2 minutes for every five incorrect entry attempts.
5.4.4 Digital locks that utilize biometric recognition locks shall provide ample identification data points or resolution to allow
access to no more than 1 in 10 000 possible users.
5.4.5 Digital locks may provide a “back door” for service, but this combination shall provide a minimum of 1 in 100 000 possible
combinations.
5.5 Digital locking devices with biometric recognition lock features shall be received by the user in a condition such that locks
shall not open with the biometric entry method until the authorized user programs a unique biometric method into the YRFC.
6. Performance Requirements
6.1 Cycle Requirements:
6.1.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the cycle testing in 7.1.
6.1.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC does not open or lock according to the manufacturer’s intended means of operation.
6.2 Picking Requirements:
6.2.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the picking testing in 7.2.
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6.2.2 Failure occurs if the locking device is disabled, causing the YRFC to open and allowing removal of the firearm block.
6.2.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a keyway or access point(s) that provide tool insertion.
6.3 Torque Test for Keyway YRFC:
6.3.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the torque testing in 7.3.
6.3.2 Failure occurs if the locking device is disabled, causing the YRFC to open and allowing removal of the firearm block.
6.3.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a keyway or access point(s) that provide tool insertion.
6.4 Manipulation Requirement for Combination or Digital YRFC:
6.4.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the manipulation testing in 7.4.
6.4.2 Failure occurs if the combination or digital locking device is disabled during the 2 minutes of manipulation, causing the
YRFC to open and allowing removal of the firearm block.
6.4.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a combination or digital locking device.
6.5 Handle Torque Requirements:
6.5.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the manipulation testing in 7.5.
6.5.2 Failure occurs if the locking device is disabled, causing the YRFC to open and allowing removal of the firearm block.
6.5.3 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have a handle.
6.6 Impact Requirements:
6.6.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to the drop testing in 7.6.
6.6.2 Products that weigh more than 25 kg (55 lb) shall not be subject to drop testing.
6.6.3 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools (by hand) within
1 minute after the test is completed and the drop fixture is removed.
6.7 Opening Element Tensile Strength Requirements:
6.7.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a tensile strength test in 7.7.
6.7.2 The YRFC is exempt from tensile strength testing if the opening element has no points of attachment or exposed edge to
pull upon.
6.7.3 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools (by hand) within
1 minute after the test is completed and the attachment device is removed.
6.7.4 If the tool’s attachment point breaks off or fails during the test, the YRFC is judged as passing this test.
6.8 Shock Requirements:
6.8.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a shock test in 7.8.
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6.8.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compromised or can be opened or compromised without tools (by hand) within
1 minute after the test is completed.
6.9 Saw Requirements:
6.9.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a saw cutting attack test in 7.9.
6.9.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools (by hand) within
15 s after the test is completed.
6.10 Prying Requirements:
6.10.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a pry attack test in 7.10.
6.10.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compromised.
6.11 Hinge Requirements:
6.11.1 The YRFC will be subjected to a hinge attack test in 7.11.
6.11.2 This test does not apply if the YRFC does not have an exposed hinge or hinge components.
6.11.3 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compromised.
6.12 Flammability Requirements:
6.12.1 The YRFC shall be subjected to a flammability test in 7.12.
6.12.2 Failure occurs if the YRFC is disabled or compromised, or can be opened or compromised without tools (by hand) within
1 minute after the test is completed.
7. Test Methods
7.1 Cycle Test:
7.1.1 Test Equipment:
7.1.1.1 The test specimen shall be provided with the key, token, digital code, or combination for cycle testing.
7.1.2 Test Procedure:
7.1.2.1 The opening element shall be opened and closed 100 cycles. A cycle consists of unlocking and fully opening followed by
closing and locking.
7.2 Picking Test:
7.2.1 Test Equipment:
7.2.1.1 A metallic paper clip made of 1.02 mm (0.040 in.) diameter wire.
7.2.1.2 A metallic paper clip with a 0.8 mm (0.03 in.) diameter wire.
7.2.1.3 A flat tipped screwdriver
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