ASTM D4941-89(1999)e1

Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste Paints

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the production of uniform films of artists' tube paints and other nonflowing pigmented paints using paint applicators designed for less viscous paints.
1.2 Information on how to achieve opaque specimens from these paints is included.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-1999
• ICS: 87.060.30 - Solvents
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.57 - Artist Paints and Related Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4941-89(2004) - Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste Paints
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D5098-16(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists' Acrylic Dispersion Paints
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D4302-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists’ Oil, Resin-Oil, and Alkyd Paints
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation: D 4941 – 89 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Practice for
Preparing Drawdowns of Artists’ Paste Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4941; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Inch/pound unit of measurement statement was added to the scope and Footnote 4 changed editorially in December
1999.
1. Scope 3.2.2 drawdown—a layer of paint deposited on a substrate
by use of a drawdown bar for the evaluation of paint charac-
1.1 This practice covers the production of uniform films of
teristics.
artists’ tube paints and other nonflowing pigmented paints
using paint applicators designed for less viscous paints.
4. Summary of Practice
1.2 Information on how to achieve opaque specimens from
4.1 The paint is spread over the area of the test panel to be
these paints is included.
covered by the drawdown and the bar is pulled down with
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
pressure just sufficient to avoid lifting of the bar from the chart
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
surface.
only.
4.2 Test panels are allowed to dry in a dust-free environ-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ment.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3 If complete hiding (opacity) is needed and not produced
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
by a single paint film, a second film is applied at a 90° angle to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the first. If required, additional layers may be applied using a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
narrower drawdown bar.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Quality standards for artists’ paints require the evalua-
D 16 Terminology Relating to Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and
2 tion of various appearance characteristics of paint films.
Related Products
Tinting strength determination (Test Method D 4838) specifi-
D 4838 Test Method for Determining the Relative Tinting
3 cally requires the preparation of drawdowns for colorimetric
Strength of Chromatic Paints
measurement. Other evaluations such as color designation,
E 1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrophotometric Data for
2 transparency, gloss, and color difference measurements also
Object-Color Evaluation
require drawdown samples.
3. Terminology 5.2 Artists’ tube paints have a paste consistency that makes
the use of traditional film application methods difficult, espe-
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D 16 for definitions of
cially for drying oil paints.
terms used in this practice.
5.3 Artists’ paints vary in two properties important to the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
preparation of films, that is, transparency and drying time.
3.2.1 drawdown bar—a metal applicator with a specified
Colorimetric determination and some other types of evaluation
gap designed to deposit a wet paint film uniformly on a
require paint specimens that completely hide the substrate.
specified test panel (for example, an opacity chart) or other
Very transparent paints require such a thick film to produce
substrate.
complete hiding that drying times is excessively long or the
specimen surface is blemished. When complete hiding is
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
necessary, this practice is designed to provide opaque films
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
without these defects through application of a series of thin
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials
Current edition approved April 28, 1989. Published June 1989. films.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
e1
D 4941 – 89 (1999)
to complete the drying. Allow 24 h for acrylic and alkyd paints
and 48 h or longer for oil paints until dry to touch.
7.5 Examine the specimen for surface defects and discard if
unacceptable.
7.6 If complete hiding is required, compare, either visually
or instrumentally, t
...