ASTM D4506-02(2006)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using a Radial Jacking Test
Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using a Radial Jacking Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Using this test method, a volume of rock large enough to take into account the influence of discontinuities on the properties of the rock mass is loaded. The test should be used when values are required which represent the true rock mass properties more closely than can be obtained through less expensive uniaxial jacking tests or other procedures.
Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situ modulus of deformation of rock mass by subjecting a test chamber of circular cross section to uniformly distributed radial loading; the consequent rock displacements are measured, from which elastic or deformation moduli may be calculated. The anisotropic deformability of the rock can also be measured and information on time-dependent deformation may be obtained.
1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation featuring long extensometers (1). An alternative procedure is also available and is based on a reference bar (2).
1.3 Application of the test results is beyond the scope of this test method, but may be an integral part of some testing programs.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:D4506–02 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock
1
Mass Using a Radial Jacking Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4506; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D 4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock
1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situ
3. Terminology
modulus of deformation of rock mass by subjecting a test
3.1 Definitions: See Terminology D 653 for general defini-
chamber of circular cross section to uniformly distributed
tions.
radial loading; the consequent rock displacements are mea-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
sured, from which elastic or deformation moduli may be
3.2.1 deformation—the change in the diameter of the exca-
calculated. The anisotropic deformability of the rock can also
vation in rock (test chamber).
be measured and information on time-dependent deformation
may be obtained.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures devel-
4.1 A circular test chamber is excavated and a uniformly
oped by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation featuring long
2 distributed pressure is applied to the chamber surfaces by
extensometers (1) . An alternative procedure is also available
means of flat jacks positioned on a reaction frame. Rock
and is based on a reference bar (2).
deformation is measured by extensometers placed in boreholes
1.3 Applicationofthetestresultsisbeyondthescopeofthis
perpendicular to the chamber surfaces. Pressure is measured
test method, but may be an integral part of some testing
with a standard hydraulic transducer. During the test, the
programs.
pressure is cycled incrementally and deformation is read at
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
each increment. The modulus is then calculated. To determine
as the standard.
time-dependent behavior, the pressure is held constant and
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
deformation is observed over time.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Usingthistestmethod,avolumeofrocklargeenoughto
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
take into account the influence of discontinuities on the
properties of the rock mass is loaded. The test should be used
2. Referenced Documents
when values are required which represent the true rock mass
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
properties more closely than can be obtained through less
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
expensive uniaxial jacking tests or other procedures.
Fluids
D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
NOTE 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is
Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the
suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent
and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are
cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure
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ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D 3740
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.
provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4506 – 02.
6. Apparatus
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The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended to
this standard.
6.1 ChamberExcavationEquipment—Thisincludesdrilling
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and “smooth wall” blasting equipment or mechanical excava-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tion equipment capable of producing typically a 9-ft (3-m)
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. diameter tunnel with a length about three times that dimension.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4506–02 (2006)
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