ASTM D4506-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using Radial Jacking Test
Standard Test Method for Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using Radial Jacking Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In this test method a volume of rock large enough to take into account the influence of discontinuities on the properties of the rock mass is loaded. This test method should be used when values are required which represent the true rock mass properties more closely than can be obtained through less expensive uniaxial jacking tests or other procedures.Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situ modulus of deformation of rock mass by subjecting a test chamber of circular cross section to uniformly distributed radial loading; the consequent rock displacements are measured, from which elastic or deformation moduli may be calculated. The anisotropic deformability of the rock can also be measured and information on time-dependent deformation may be obtained.
1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation featuring long extensometers (1).2 An alternative procedure is also available and is based on a reference bar (2). More information on radial jack and its analysis is presented in References (3-8).
1.3 Application of the test results is beyond the scope of this test method, but may be an integral part of some testing programs.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D4506 − 13
StandardTest Method for
Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass
1
Using Radial Jacking Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4506; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situ
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
modulus of deformation of rock mass by subjecting a test
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
chamber of circular cross section to uniformly distributed
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
radial loading; the consequent rock displacements are
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical
measured, from which elastic or deformation moduli may be
methods for engineering design.
calculated. The anisotropic deformability of the rock can also
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
be measured and information on time-dependent deformation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
may be obtained.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures devel-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
oped by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation featuring long
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
extensometers (1). An alternative procedure is also available
and is based on a reference bar (2). More information on radial
2. Referenced Documents
jack and its analysis is presented in References (3-8).
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 Applicationofthetestresultsisbeyondthescopeofthis
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
test method, but may be an integral part of some testing
Fluids
programs.
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only D4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock
and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance Data
with this test method.
3. Terminology
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used
when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound
3.1 Definitions:
(lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass
3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms in this
is slugs.
standard, refer to Terminology D653.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
3.2.1 deformation—the change in the diameter of the exca-
Practice D6026.
vation in rock (test chamber).
1.5.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
4. Summary of Test Method
recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
4.1 A circular test chamber is excavated and a uniformly
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
distributed pressure is applied to the chamber surfaces by
means of flat jacks positioned on a reaction frame. Rock
deformation is measured by extensometers placed in boreholes
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally
3
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4506 – 08. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D4506-13. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended to Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this standard. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4506 − 13
provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
perpendicular to the chamber surfaces. Pressu
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4506 − 08 D4506 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass
1
Using Radial Jacking Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4506; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situ modulus of deformation of rock mass by subjecting a test chamber of
circular cross section to uniformly distributed radial loading; the consequent rock displacements are measured, from which elastic
or deformation moduli may be calculated. The anisotropic deformability of the rock can also be measured and information on
time-dependent deformation may be obtained.
1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation featuring long extensometers
2
(1). An alternative procedure is also available and is based on a reference bar (2). More information on radial jack and its analysis
is presented in References (3-8).
1.3 Application of the test results is beyond the scope of this test method, but may be an integral part of some testing programs.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units
other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf)
represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions: See Terminology D653 for general definitions.
3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms in this standard, refer to Terminology D653.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2013. Published July 2008December 2013. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as
D4506 – 02 (2006).D4506 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D4506-08.10.1520/D4506-13.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended to this standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4506 − 13
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 deform
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