ASTM C1352/C1352M-09

Standard Test Method for Flexural Modulus of Elasticity of Dimension Stone

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful for providing engineering values for stress and deflection analysis of stone panels. It is also useful in indicating the differences in flexural modulus of elasticity between various dimension stones and stones of the same type in different loading directions (parallel and perpendicular to rift or bedding planes).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the flexural modulus of elasticity of stone by using a simple beam with quarter-point loading.
1.2 Stone tests may be made with load applied perpendicular to the bedding plane or rift and with load applied parallel to the bedding plane or rift.
1.3 Stone tests may be made for wet and dry specimen conditions.
1.4 The specifier of the test shall determine which conditions shall be used.
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2009
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C18 - Dimension Stone
• Drafting Committee: C18.01 - Test Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1352-96(2008) - Standard Test Method for Flexural Modulus of Elasticity of Dimension Stone
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1352/C1352M − 09
StandardTest Method for
1
Flexural Modulus of Elasticity of Dimension Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1352/C1352M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 modulus of elasticity, n—stress per unit strain, also
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining
known as Young’s Modulus.
the flexural modulus of elasticity of stone by using a simple
beam with quarter-point loading.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 Stone tests may be made with load applied perpendicu-
4.1 This test method is useful for providing engineering
lar to the bedding plane or rift and with load applied parallel to
values for stress and deflection analysis of stone panels. It is
the bedding plane or rift.
also useful in indicating the differences in flexural modulus of
1.3 Stone tests may be made for wet and dry specimen
elasticity between various dimension stones and stones of the
conditions.
same type in different loading directions (parallel and perpen-
dicular to rift or bedding planes).
1.4 The specifier of the test shall determine which condi-
tions shall be used.
5. Apparatus
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
5.1 Testing Machine (see Fig. 1), conforming to the require-
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
ments of the applicable sections of Practices E4. The quarter-
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
point loading method shall be used in making flexure tests of
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
stone employing bearing blocks that will ensure that forces
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
applied to the beam will be vertical only and applied without
conformance with the standard.
eccentricity. The apparatus should be capable of maintaining
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the span length and distances between load-applying blocks
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and support blocks constant within 60.05 in. [61 mm]. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
load should be capable of being applied at a uniform rate and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
in such a manner as to avoid shock.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Deflection Gages, capable of reading to 0.0001 in.
[0.002 mm] shall be used to measure mid-span deflections at
2. Referenced Documents
the two free edges and support deflections at each end.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
6. Test Specimens
C880 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Dimension Stone
6.1 The test specimens shall measure 4 in. [100 mm] wide
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
by 1.25 in. [30 mm] thick by 15 in. [350 mm] long with a span
as tested of 12.5 in. [300 mm].The sides of the specimens shall
3. Terminology
be at right angles with the top and bottom.The specimens shall
3.1 Definition—For definitions of terms used in this test
have a fine abrasive finish on the planes perpendicular to the
method, refer to Terminology C119.
load and a fine saw finish on the other four planes. The
dimensions of the specimen shall be measured and recorded to
the nearest 0.01 in. [0.1 mm]. A minimum of five specimens
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on
shall be tested for each condition of test. The average value
Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test
Methods.
calculated from plots of the test results is reported as the
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
flexural modulus of elasticity for that condition.
approvedin1996.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2008asC1352–96(2008).DOI:
10.1520/C1352_C1352M-09.
6.2 Where the job thickness has been set (the thickness of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
the stone panels for the project has been established), it is often
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
requested to perform flexural modulus of elasticity tests at the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. job thickness. The following shall govern the specimen size
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C1352/C1352M − 09
FIG. 1 Diagrammatic View of
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1352 –96 (Reapproved 2008) Designation: C 1352/C 1352M – 09
Standard Test Method for
1
Flexural Modulus of Elasticity of Dimension Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1352/C 1352M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the flexural modulus of elasticity of stone by using a simple beam
with quarter-point loading.
1.2 Stone tests may be made with load applied perpendicular to the bedding plane or rift and with load applied parallel to the
bedding plane or rift.
1.3 Stone tests may be made for wet and dry specimen conditions.
1.4 The specifier of the test shall determine which conditions shall be used.
1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
C 880 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Dimension Stone
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
3. Terminology
3.1Definition
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology C 119.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 modulus of elasticity, n—stress per unit strain, also known as Young’s Modulus.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is useful for providing engineering values for stress and deflection analysis of stone panels. It is also useful
in indicating the differences in flexural modulus of elasticity between various dimension stones and stones of the same type in
different loading directions (parallel and perpendicular to rift or bedding planes).
5. Apparatus
5.1 Testing Machine (see Fig. 1), conforming to the requirements of the applicable sections of Practices E 4. The quarter-point
loading method shall be used in making flexure tests of stone employing bearing blocks that will ensure that forces applied to the
beam will be vertical only and applied without eccentricity. The apparatus should be capable of maintaining the span length and
distances between load-applying blocks and support blocks constant within 6 1.3 mm (6 0.05 in.).60.05 in. [61 mm]. The load
should be capable of being applied at a uniform rate and in such a manner as to avoid shock.
5.2 Deflection Gages, capable of reading to 0.002 mm (0.0001 in.)0.0001 in. [0.002 mm] shall be used to measure mid-span
deflections at the two free edges and support deflections at each end.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Oct.April 1, 2008.2009. Published December 2008.April 2009. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
C1352-96(2002).C 1352–96(2008).
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C 1352/C 1352M – 09
FIG. 1 Diagrammatic View of a Suitable Apparatus for Flexural Modulus of Elasticity of Stone Test
6. Test Specimens
6.1 The test specimens shall measure 100 mm (4 in.)4 in. [100 mm] wide by 32 mm (1.25 in.)1.25 in. [30 mm] thick by 380
mm (15 in.)15 in. [350 mm] long with a span as tested of 320 mm (12.5 in.).12.5 in. [300 mm]. The sides of the specimens shall
be at right angles with the top and bottom. The specimens
...