ASTM F2519-05(2020)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Grease Particle Capture Efficiency of Commercial Kitchen Filters and Extractors
Standard Test Method for Grease Particle Capture Efficiency of Commercial Kitchen Filters and Extractors
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The pressure drop results can be added to the pressure drops of other components in an exhaust system to determine the total exhaust fan pressure requirement.
5.2 The particulate capture efficiency can be used with known particulate size emission data for a cooking appliance-food product combination to determine the total mass of grease particles captured by the filter, the total mass of grease particles that pass through the filter, and the particle size distribution of the grease particles that pass through the filter. Fig. 1 shows an example particle capture efficiency curve.
FIG. 1 Particle Capture Efficiency Example Curve
SCOPE
1.1 This test method can be used to determine the grease particle capture efficiency of components and systems used in commercial kitchens to capture grease effluent prior to entering the exhaust duct. The results can be used to select a filter system best suited to a particular application.
1.2 This test method is applicable to filter components and systems. The performance information is obtained for new or clean filters and does not include the performance of used or loaded filters.
1.3 The filter can be evaluated with respect to the following (where applicable):
1.3.1 Pressure drop as a function of airflow through the filter (10.3), and
1.3.2 Particulate capture efficiency by particle size (10.4).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2519 − 05 (Reapproved 2020) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Grease Particle Capture Efficiency of Commercial Kitchen
Filters and Extractors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method can be used to determine the grease
2.1 ASHRAE Standard:
particle capture efficiency of components and systems used in
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2-1999, Method of Testing
commercial kitchens to capture grease effluent prior to entering
General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal
the exhaust duct. The results can be used to select a filter
Efficiency by Particle Size
system best suited to a particular application.
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO Standard 3966, Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed
1.2 This test method is applicable to filter components and
systems. The performance information is obtained for new or Conduits—VelocityArea Method Using Pitot StaticTubes
clean filters and does not include the performance of used or
3. Terminology
loaded filters.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 The filter can be evaluated with respect to the following
3.1.1 airflow rate, n—volumetric flow rate of air that passes
(where applicable):
through a filter or a bank of filters.
1.3.1 Pressuredropasafunctionofairflowthroughthefilter
(10.3), and 3.1.2 capture effıciency, n—proportion of aerosol particles
removed by a filter as a function of particle size, usually
1.3.2 Particulate capture efficiency by particle size (10.4).
expressed as a percentage.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.3 cartridge filter, n—removable extractor, a removable,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-
integral component of listed exhaust hoods, which is typically
tion only.
constructed of stainless steel and containing a series of
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials,
horizontal baffles designed to remove grease and drain it into a
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
container.
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
3.1.4 fixed extractor, n—water-wash hood or linear slot
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
hood, a fixed, integral component of listed exhaust hoods,
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac-
which is typically constructed of stainless steel and containing
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
aseriesofhorizontalbafflesthatrunthefulllengthofthehood.
prior to use.
3.1.5 grease filter, n—device installed into a hood to capture
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
grease effluent before it enters the exhaust duct. Several
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
identical devices may be installed in parallel in a hood. The
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
device may consist of more than one component or section.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.6 pressure drop, n—change in static pressure between
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the front surface of the grease filter and its rear surface under
the rated airflow rate conditions.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.07 on Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-
Commercial Kitchen Ventilation. Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. Originally 30329.
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F2519 – 05 (2015). Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
DOI: 10.1520/F2519-05R20. Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2519 − 05 (2020)
3.1.7 reference hood, n—Type I exhaust hood used for the measured when the filters are installed. The total exhaust
“no extractors” condition when measuring the efficiency and volumetric flow rate must be equal in both pressure drop
pressure drop of fixed extractor hoods. This is typically the measurements.
same hood that is used for testing removable grease filters and 4.2.4.2 For fixed-extractor hood systems, the pressure drop
removable cartridge filters. is determined by subtracting the pressure drop of the reference
hood when the filters are removed from the pressure drop
3.2 Symbols:
measured on the fixed-extractor hood. The total exhaust
volumetric flow rate must be equal in both pressure drop
measurements.
E = capture efficiency
n = number of sample sets
4.3 The total airflow rate through the exhaust system is set
P = penetration
so that the volumetric flow rate through the filter under test is
t = t distribution variable
equivalent 250 cfm per linear foot (width) of filter (based on
T = sampling time
external filter dimensions).
W = counts of each size range (or channel) with test
4.3.1 Performancemayalsobeevaluatedatotherairflowsin
device(s) installed
accordance with manufacturer recommendations (see Appen-
WO = counts of each size range (or channel) without test
dix X1).
device(s)
δ = standard deviation of a sample
4.4 Balanced makeup air shall be provided at 75 6 5°F and
50 6 20 % RH.
4.5 Particulate capture efficiency for removable grease filter
3.3 Subscripts:
or removable cartridges is determined by comparing particle
concentration versus size in the exhaust duct with and without
b = background
the filters installed.
c = correlation
4.5.1 Particulate capture efficiency for hoods with fixed
e = estimated
extractorsisdeterminedbycomparingparticleconcentrationas
i = sample number
a function of particle size in the exhaust duct with the fixed
lcl = lower confidence limit
extractor hood and the reference hood without the filters
n = number of sample sets
installed.
o = observed
4.5.2 The test aerosol is oleic acid that covers a size range
t = testing a filter
from 0.3 to 10 µm in diameter or as specified by the
ucl = upper confidence limit
w = with test device(s) installed manufacturer. Efficiency shall be reported as zero from 0.3 µm
wo = without test device(s) installed
to the lower limit of the test conditions. Particulate concentra-
tion measurements (as a function of particle size) are taken in
4. Summary of Test Method the exhaust duct using an isokinetic sampling probe and an
optical particle counter. The particulate capture efficiency is
4.1 There are three predominant classes of filters in kitchen
determined by taking the difference between the particle
ventilation grease extraction systems: removable baffle filters,
concentration with and without the filters installed at each
removable cartridge filters, and fixed extractors.
particle size range set on the particle counter.
4.2 Removable baffle and cartridge filters to be tested are
5. Significance and Use
installed into the test system.
4.2.1 Identical filters to be tested are installed into a 5.1 The pressure drop results can be added to the pressure
standard 4-ft canopy hood connected to a nominal 12-in. round
drops of other components in an exhaust system to determine
duct exhaust system. The filters should fit tightly together and the total exhaust fan pressure requirement.
into the opening and any bypasses larger than ⁄8-in. wide on
5.2 The particulate capture efficiency can be used with
the ends are sealed.
known particulate size emission data for a cooking appliance-
4.2.2 For fixed-extractor systems, a reference hood shall be
food product combination to determine the total mass of grease
used for testing conditions that call for no filters to be installed
particlescapturedbythefilter,thetotalmassofgreaseparticles
in the hood. Testing requires switching between the reference
that pass through the filter, and the particle size distribution of
hood and the fixed extractor hood.
the grease particles that pass through the filter. Fig. 1 shows an
4.2.3 A filter system to be used in a non-standard canopy
example particle capture efficiency curve.
hood is installed at the height of actual application above the
6. Apparatus
floor and connected to a nominal 12-in. round duct exhaust
system.
6.1 Mandatory and Discretionary Requirements—Critical
4.2.4 Thestaticpressuredropacrossthefiltersisrecordedat
dimensions and arrangements of the test apparatus are shown
the test airflow.
in Figs. 2-5. Vertical ductwork may also be used with the same
4.2.4.1 For removable baffle or cartridge filters, the net filter critical dimensions (duct diameter, length, and so forth). All
pressure drop is determined by subtracting the pressure drop of dimensions shown are mandatory unless otherwise indicated.
the hood when the filters are removed from the pressure drop Units shown are in inches unless otherwise indicated. The
F2519 − 05 (2020)
FIG. 1 Particle Capture Efficiency Example Curve
FIG. 2 Schematic Diagram of Test Apparatus—Front Elevation View of Horizontal Test Setup
design of equipment not specified, including but not limited to exhaust fan, makeup air system, and external structural
F2519 − 05 (2020)
FIG. 3 Schematic Diagram of Test Apparatus—Front Elevation of
Vertical Test Setup
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in the center of the hood with the rear surface of the opening
1.0 in. from the back side of the hood. If the hood is installed
at a different height, a distance of 46 in. must be maintained
between the appliance surface and bottom of the hood. The
hood shall contain means for securing grease filters under test
in a position typical in application.
6.2.1.2 Hoods with fixed extractors should be built to match
the description given in 6.2.1.1 as closely as possible without
affecting the hood’s extraction efficiency.
6.2.1.3 The typical reference hood will be a canopy exhaust
hood matching the one described in 6.2.1.1 and shown in Fig.
6. If the hood with fixed extractors cannot be built to match
6.2.1.1,thenthereferencehoodshallbebuilttomatchthehood
with fixed extractors.
FIG. 4 Schematic Diagram of Test Apparatus—Plan View
6.2.1.4 To facilitate switching hoods, the lab may build
rolling stands for each reference hood and the current hood
being tested. These stands may be rolled in and out of the test
rig. Care should be taken to insure that both hoods are installed
in the same location at the same height (6 ⁄2 ft) each time.
6.2.1.5 The test apparatus shown in Figs. 2-5 is designed for
test filters with a nominal height of 20 in. It is permitted to test
a bank of several filters in parallel if the width of an individual
filtration device is less than 50 % of the width of the hood.
Spacers may be added symmetrically on both ends of the filter
under test if the filter does not span the entire width of the
hood.
6.2.2 Round Exhaust Duct, 12 in. (0.305 m) in diameter,
connected to the duct collar on the top of the exhaust hood and
leading to an exhaust fan.All duct connections shall be sealed.
The duct may be horizontal or vertical. If horizontal, it must
have a 90-degree elbow configured as shown in Fig. 7. The
elbow must have a centerline duct radius of 14-in.
NOTE 1—The r/D ratio is 1.167 for this configuration.
6.2.2.1 The distance from the duct collar for a vertical
exhaust duct or from the end of the 90 degree elbow for a
horizontal exhaust duct to the sampling location shall be 84 in.
If a different sampling location is used, or a different exhaust
configuration is used, an aerosol uniformity test shall be
conducted.
6.2.2.2 The minimum distance from the sampling location
to the nearest duct fitting or fan inlet shall be 24 in.
6.2.3 Exhaust Fan, capable of moving 1000 ft /min (472
L/s) through the filters under test and the additional exhaust
system components at the test static pressure condition. The
FIG. 5 Schematic Diagram of Test Apparatus—Side Elevation
fan shall have a variable frequency drive or other means to
View
control the airflow rate. The exhaust shall be discharged
outdoors.
6.2.4 MakeupAir System, a means for providing makeup air
supports, is discretionary, but the equipment must have ad-
at 75 6 5°F and 50 6 20 % relative humidity to match exhaust
equate capacity to meet the requirements of this test method.
rate without disturbing the airflow pattern near the exhaust
6.2 Test Facility:
hood.
6.2.1 Exhaust Hood:
6.2.5 Heat Source, a uniform electric heat source with a
6.2.1.1 The test installation should have a canopy exhaust
solid metal surface, a minimum 2 ft. deep by 3 ft. wide,
hoodwhichmeetstheserequirements:4ft(1.2m)inwidthand
maintained at an average surface temperature of 375 6 5°F.
depth, minimum 2 ft (0.61 m) in height, wall mounted with the
lower edge of the hood 6 ⁄2 ft (2.0 m) from the floor and with
NOTE 2—A commercial electric griddle with a rated input between 7
a 12 in. (0.305 m) diameter round duct collar mounted on top and 10 kW and been shown to work well as a heat source.
F2519 − 05 (2020)
FIG. 6 Schematic Diagram of Reference Hood
rateversusfanspeedwithandwithoutfiltersinstalledtosetthe
fan speed for proper airflow rate. The airflow and filter static
pressure shall be continuously monitored.
6.3.1.2 Airflow rate may be determined by means ofASME
long-radius flow nozzles with static taps. The dry bulb
temperature, absolute pressure, and relative humidity of the
exhaust airflow shall be measured in the duct immediately
upstream of the flow-measuring device. These values shall be
used for calculation of airflow rate. Measurements shall be
made with and without the test filters installed to set the fan
speed for proper airflow rate at each test condition.
6.3.2 Barometer, for measuring absolute pressure of the air
entering the exhaust hood. The barometer shall have a resolu-
FIG. 7 Schematic Diagram of 90-Degree Elbow to Connect the
tion of 0.2 in. Hg (670 Pa).
Duct Collar on the Canopy Hood to a Horizontal 12 in. Diameter
6.3.3 Differential Pressure Gage,formeasuringthepressure
Round Exhaust Duct
drop across the filters un
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