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ASTM

ASTM D79-86(1999)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments

Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially known as "zinc white" or zinc oxide. The pigments may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.  Note-Zinc oxides are used in many industries. For additional information, see Specification D4295 and Test Methods D4315 for descriptions of zinc oxide use in rubber compounding.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-1999
ICS
87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.31 - Pigment Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D79-86(2004) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4302-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists’ Oil, Resin-Oil, and Alkyd Paints
Effective Date
10-May-1999

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ASTM D79-86(1999) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide PigmentsASTM D79-86(1999) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
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ASTM D79-86(1999) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
American Association State
Designation: D 79 – 86 (Reapproved 1999) Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M124
Standard Specification for
Zinc Oxide Pigments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 79; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mildew protection, ultraviolet absorption, hiding power, and
neutralization of acids formed upon oxidation of the paint film.
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially
known as “zinc white” or zinc oxide. The pigments may be
4. Composition and Properties
purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.
4.1 Dry Pigment, French Process—In the manufacture of
NOTE 1—Zinc oxides are used in many industries. For additional
French process zinc oxide, metallic zinc is vaporized, either in
information, see Specification D 4295 and Test Methods D 4315 for
a boiler or a refining column, and the resulting vapor is burned
descriptions of zinc oxide use in rubber compounding.
in a controlled manner in an orifice. The fine particles of zinc
oxide are cooled enough to agglomerate and are collected by a
2. Referenced Documents
system of fabric bags. French process oxide shall conform to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the properties listed in Table 1.
D 185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments,
4.2 Dry Pigment, American Process— In the manufacture
Pastes, and Paints
of American process zinc oxide, zinc ore is reduced in the
D 280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other
2 presence of a carbonaceous fuel. The resulting vapor is burned
Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
in a combustion chamber, and the fine particles of zinc oxide
D 281 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by
3 are cooled enough to agglomerate and are collected by a
Spatula Rub-Out
system of fabric bags. American process oxide shall conform to
D 332 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
3 the properties listed in Table 1.
Pigments by Visual Observation
4.3 Paste in Oil—The paste shall be made by thoroughly
D 1483 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by
3 grinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. As received it
Gardner-Coleman Method
shall not be caked in the container and shall break up readily in
D 2745 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
oil to form a smooth paint of brushing consistency. The paste
Pigments by Reflectance Measurements
shall conform to the following requirements:
D 3280 Test Methods for Analysis of White Zinc Pigments
Pigment, % 80 to 86
D 4295 Classification for Rubber Compounding
Linseed oil, % 14 to 20
Materials—Zinc Oxide
Moisture and other volatile matter, max, % 0.5
Coarse particles and skins (total residue retained on a 1.5
D 4315 Test Methods for Rubber Compounding Material—
4 No. 325 (45-μm) sieve), max, % of the dry pigment
Zinc Oxide
E 20 Practice for Particle Size Analysis of Particulate Sub- 4.4 In such physical properties as are specified by the
stances in the Range of 0.2 to 75 μm by Optical Micros-
purchaser, the pigment shall satisfactorily match a reference
copy sample mutually agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.
The most frequently specified properties are oil absorption,
3. Significance and Use
tinting strength, and particle shape. Appropriate test methods
3.1 Zinc oxide functions as both a chemical and a pigment.
are listed in Section 6. In the event that either an acicular type
It is used in a variety of applications including rubber, paint,
or a nodular (spherical) type of zinc oxide is desired, the
reprography, glass, chemicals, etc. In paint, it contributes to
particl
...

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ASTM  
Method  
Refer-  
Dry Pigments
Sections  
ences  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
6  
D280  
Loss on Ignition  
7  
Coarse Particles  
8  
D185  
Matter Soluble in Water  
9  
D1208  
Organic Coloring Matter  
10  
Iron Oxide  
11 and 12  
Calcium Compounds (Reported as CaO)  
13 and 14  
Sulfates Soluble in Hydrochloric Acid  
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Lead Chromate (in Ochers)  
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Calcium Carbonate (in Venetian Red)  
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C25  
Manganese (in Siennas and Umbers)  
19 and 20  
Pigment Pastes in Oil  
Pigment Content  
21  
D1208  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
22  
D1208  
Nonvolatile Matter in Vehicle  
23  
Moisture by Distillation  
24  
D1208  
Coarse Particles and Skins  
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D185  
Consistency (Stormer)  
26  
D562  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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