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ASTM D7665-17

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids

Standard Guide for Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The significance of each test method depends upon the system in use and the purpose of the test method as listed under Section 5. Use the most recent editions of ASTM test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide2 covers general information, without specific limits, for selecting standard test methods for evaluating heat transfer fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are considered particularly useful in characterizing biodegradable water-free heat transfer fluids in closed systems.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2017
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.L0.06 - Non-Lubricating Process Fluids
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7665 − 17
Standard Guide for
1
Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
2
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1.1 This guide covers general information, without specific
ity)
limits, for selecting standard test methods for evaluating heat
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
transfer fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
considered particularly useful in characterizing biodegradable
Petroleum Products
water-free heat transfer fluids in closed systems.
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
by Potentiometric Titration
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
standard.
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
Reduced Pressure
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D1500 Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
(ASTM Color Scale)
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
2. Referenced Documents
matic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
3
2.1 ASTM Standards: D2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Liquids
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and D2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D2879 Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Rela-
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating tionship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liq-
Oils
uids by Isoteniscope
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
Open Cup Tester
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
Closed Cup Tester
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
D4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
(Micro Method)
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Bio-
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petro-
degradation of Lubricants or Their Components
leum Products
D6384 Terminology Relating to Biodegradability and Eco-
toxicity of Lubricants
D6743 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Organic Heat
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Transfer Fluids
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
mittee D02.L0.06 on Non-Lubricating Process Fluids.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7665 – 10 (2014).
Kinematic Viscosity)
DOI: 10.1520/D7665-17.
D7044 Specification for Biodegradable Fire Resistant Hy-
2
The background for this standard was developed by a questionnaire circulated
draulic Fluids
by ASTM-ASLE technical division L-VI-2 and reported in Lubrication
Engineering, Vol 32, No. 8, August 1976, pp. 411–416.
E659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Chemi-
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
cals
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
G4 Guide for Conducting Corrosion Tests in Field Applica-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tions
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7665 − 17
4
2.2 OECD Standards: 5.1.4 Specific Gravity (Test Method D1298 or D4052)—
Test No. 203 : Fish, Acute Toxicity Test Hydraulicshockdu
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7665 − 10 (Reapproved 2014) D7665 − 17
Standard Guide for
1
Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
2
1.1 This guide covers general information, without specific limits, for selecting standard test methods for evaluating heat
transfer fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are considered particularly useful in characterizing biodegradable water
free water-free heat transfer fluids in closed systems.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating Oils
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
D2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Liquids
D2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids
D2879 Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relationship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquids by
Isoteniscope
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D2879D4052 Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relationship and Initial Decomposition Temperature Density,
Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by IsoteniscopeDigital Density Meter
D4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.06 on Non-Lubricating Process Fluids.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014Aug. 1, 2017. Published February 2015August 2017. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20102014 as
D7665 – 10.D7665 – 10 (2014). DOI: 10.1520/D7665-10R14.10.1520/D7665-17.
2
The background for this standard was developed by a questionnaire circulated by ASTM-ASLE technical division L-VI-2 and reported in Lubrication Engineering, Vol
32, No. 8, August 1976, pp. 411–416.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7665 − 17
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
D6384 Terminology Relating to Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
D6743 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Organic Heat Transfer Fluids
D704
...

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ASTM D7596-23(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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5.2 Hard particles in lubricating or fluid power systems have a detrimental effect on the system as they cause operating components to wear and also accelerate the degradation of the oil. Hard particles in the oil originate from a variety of sources including generation from within an operating fluid system or contamination, which may occur during the storage and handling of new oils or via ingress into an operating fluid system.  
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5.7 The use of dilution i...
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of particle concentration and particle size distribution in new and in-service oils used for lubrication and hydraulic purposes.  
1.2 Particles considered are in the range from 4 µm (c) to 200 µm (c) with the upper limit being dependent on the specific automatic particle counter being used.
Note 1: For the purpose of this test method, water droplets not masked by the diluent procedure are detected as particles, and agglomerated particles are detected and reported as a single larger particle.
Note 2: The subscript (c) is used to denote that the apparatus has been calibrated in accordance with ISO 11171. This subscript (c) strictly only applies to particles up to 50 µm.  
1.3 Lubricants that can be analyzed by this test method are categorized as petroleum products or synthetic based products, such as: polyalpha olefin, polyalkylene glycol, or phosphate ester. Applicable viscosity range is up to 1000 mm2/s at 40 °C. This procedure may be appropriate for other petroleum and synthetic based lubricants not included in the precision statement.  
1.4 Samples containing visible particles may not be suitable for analysis using this test method.  
1.5 Samples that are opaque after dilution are not suitable for analysis using this test method.  
1.6 The test method is specific to automatic particle counters that use the light extinction principle and are calibrated according to the latest revision of ISO 11171.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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1.1.1 The test method is applicable to petroleum and synthetic based fluids. Samples from 2 mm2/s to 150 mm2/s at 40 °C may be processed directly. Samples of greater viscosity may be processed after solvent dilution.  
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1.1.5 Soot is determined up to approximately 1.5 % by weight.  
1.1.6 This test method uses objects of known linear dimension for calibration.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D8385-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Dry Filterability of Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids by Mass Flow Technique

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Precision equipment and high pressure hydraulic machinery require filtered lubricants and fluids to prevent damage from the circulation of hard particulate contaminants. Three types of particulate contaminants are present in lubricants and hydraulic fluids: built in contaminants from the machinery assembly process, generated contaminants from equipment wear, and contaminants that enter from external sources.  
5.2 The ability of lubricants and hydraulic fluids to retain their filterability is critical for efficient and reliable machine performance. Normally, the pressure differential across a filter will increase gradually as the filter accumulates dirt, sludge, and wear debris. In order to prevent the filter from collapsing, bypass valves in the filter assembly open when the differential pressure gets too high. If a filter becomes blocked by precipitating additives or other contaminants, the bypass valve will open. This can lead to an equipment shutdown or circulation of damaging particles throughout the machine.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the dry filterability of lubricants and hydraulic fluids based upon mass flow rate measurements through a 0.8 µm membrane after ageing (Note 1). The procedure applies to lubricants and hydraulic fluids that are formulated with American Petroleum Institute (API) Group I, II, III, IV, and certain V base stocks. Products formulated with water or base stocks that are heavier than water are out of scope.
Note 1: This test method is similar to ISO 13357 but differs from the ISO method in the manner by which filterability is assessed. In ISO 13357, volume flow rates are used to determine filterability. In this test method, mass flow rates are used. Measurements of filterability based on mass flow rates facilitate automation and can be less susceptible to operator error.
Note 2: Residual water due to atmospheric conditions or contaminants is in scope for these samples and it is typically low for most in process samples.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7665-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The significance of each test method depends upon the system in use and the purpose of the test method as listed under Section 5. Use the most recent editions of ASTM test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide2 covers general information, without specific limits, for selecting standard test methods for evaluating heat transfer fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are considered particularly useful in characterizing biodegradable water-free heat transfer fluids in closed systems.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Guide
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ASTM
ASTM D4307-17(2021)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The laboratory preparation of liquid blends of known composition is required to provide analytical standards for the calibration of chromatographic and other types of analytical instrumentation.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a laboratory procedure for the preparation of small volumes of multicomponent liquid blends for use as analytical standards.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to components that are normally liquids at ambient temperature and pressure, or solids that will form a solution when blended with liquids. Butanes can be included if precaution is used in blending them.  
1.3 This practice is limited to those components that fulfill the following conditions:  
1.3.1 They are completely soluble in the final blend.  
1.3.2 They are not reactive with other blend components or with blend containers.  
1.3.3 The combined vapor pressure of the blended components is such that there is no selective evaporation of any of the components.
1.3.3.1 The butane content of the blend is not to exceed 10 %. (Warning—Extremely flammable liquefied gas under pressure. Vapor reduces oxygen available for breathing.) Components with a vapor pressure higher than butanes are not to be blended.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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