ASTM D4735-02

Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is suitable for setting specifications on benzene and for use as an internal quality control tool where benzene is either produced or used in a manufacturing process.
This test method was found applicable for determining thiophene in refined benzene conforming to the specifications described in Specification D 2359 and may be applicable toward other grades of benzene if the user has taken the necessary precautions as described in the text.
This test method was developed as an alternative technique to Test Method D 1685.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of thiophene in refined benzene in the range from 0.5 mg/kg to 5.0 mg/kg. The range of the test method may be extended by modifying the sample injection volume, split ratios, calibration range, or sample dilution with thiophene-free solvent.
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to benzene characteristic of the type described in Specifications D 2359 and D 4734 and may be applicable to other types or grades of benzene only after the user has demonstrated that the procedure can completely resolve thiophene from the other organic contaminants contained in the sample.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this test method: for purposes of determining conformance to applicable specification using this test method, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off "to the nearest unit" in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jul-2002
• ICS: 71.080.15 - Aromatic hydrocarbons
• Technical Committee: D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
• Drafting Committee: D16.04 - Instrumental Analysis

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4735-96(2000) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D4735-09 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5871-19 - Standard Specification for Benzene for Cyclohexane Feedstock
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2359-19 - Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-535
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7185-19 - Standard Specification for Low Toluene Low Dioxane (LTLD) Benzene
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4734-20 - Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7124-19 - Standard Specification for Benzene for Use with Zeolite Based Catalysts
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7011-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D4735 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by
1
Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4735; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
4
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of thiophene
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
in refined benzene in the range from 0.5 mg/kg to 5.0 mg/kg.
4
Petroleum Products
The range of the test method may be extended by modifying
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
the sample injection volume, split ratios, calibration range, or
3
Analytical Standards
sample dilution with thiophene-free solvent.
5
D4734 Specification for Refined Benzene-545
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to benzene
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
characteristic of the type described in Specifications D2359
5
Determine Conformance with Specifications
and D4734 and may be applicable to other types or grades of
6
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
benzeneonlyaftertheuserhasdemonstratedthattheprocedure
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Rela-
can completely resolve thiophene from the other organic
5
tionships
contaminants contained in the sample.
E840 Practice for Using Flame Photometric Detectors in
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this test
6
Gas Chromatography
method: for purposes of determining conformance to appli-
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
cable specification using this test method, an observed value or
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in
2.2 Other Document:
the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification
OSHA Regulations 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and
limit in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice
7
1910.1200
E29.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 The thiophene concentration in refined benzene is de-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
termined at the milligram thiophene per kilogram sample level
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
using conventional gas-liquid chromatography with a flame
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
photometric detector (FPD) or pulsed flame photometric de-
statements, see Section 7.
tector (PFPD). A reproducible volume of sample is injected.
2. Referenced Documents Quantitative results are obtained by the external standard
2 technique using the measured peak area of thiophene.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4. Significance and Use
D1685 Test Method for Traces of Thiophene in Benzene by
3 4.1 This test method is suitable for setting specifications on
Spectrophotometry
3 benzene and for use as an internal quality control tool where
D2359 Specification for Refined Benzene-535
benzene is either produced or used in a manufacturing process.
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
4
4.2 This test method was found applicable for determining
Products
thiophene in refined benzene conforming to the specifications
described in Specification D2359 and may be applicable
toward other grades of benzene if the user has taken the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
necessary precautions as described in the text.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis.
Current edition approved July 10, 2002. Published September 2002. Originally
published as D4735 – 87. Last previous edition D4735 – 96 (2000). DOI: 10.1520/
5
D4735-02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
3 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04. Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4735 – 02
4.3 This test method was developed as an alternative tech- rities because of potential quenching effects by hydrocarbons
nique to Test Method D1685. on the light emissions from the thiophene. The columns
des
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