ASTM D806-00(2006)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cement Content of Hardened Soil-Cement Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Cement Content of Hardened Soil-Cement Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method determines cement content in mixtures of cement with soil or aggregate by chemical analysis. It was developed primarily for testing samples for which a significant degree of cement hydration or hardening has taken place. Test Methods D 2901 or D 5982 may be used for determining cement content of freshly mixed soil-cement mixtures.
This test method is based on determination by chemical analysis of the calcium oxide (CaO) content of the sample. The method may not be applicable to soil-cement materials containing soils or aggregates which yield significant amounts of dissolved calcium oxide (CaO) under the conditions of the test.
Note 1—The agency performing this test method can be evaluated in accordance with Practice D 3740. Not withstanding statements on precision and bias contained in this test method: the precision of this test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not, in itself, ensure reliable testing. Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of these factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by chemical analysis of cement content of hardened soil-cement mixtures.
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard precautions, see Section .
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D806–00 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Cement Content of Hardened Soil-Cement Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
Sieves
1.1 This test method covers the determination by chemical
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
analysis of cement content of hardened soil-cement mixtures.
Ventilation Ovens
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Practice D6026.
3. Terminology
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1 Definitions:
standard.
3.1.1 Refer to Terminology D653 for definitions of terms
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
relating to soil.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 Refer to Terminologies C125 and C219 for definitions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of terms relating to cement.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
4. Significance and Use
precautions, see Section 6.
4.1 This test method determines cement content in mixtures
of cement with soil or aggregate by chemical analysis. It was
2. Referenced Documents
developed primarily for testing samples for which a significant
2.1 ASTM Standards:
degree of cement hydration or hardening has taken place. Test
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
MethodsD2901orD5982maybeusedfordeterminingcement
gregates
content of freshly mixed soil-cement mixtures.
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
4.2 This test method is based on determination by chemical
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
analysis of the calcium oxide (CaO) content of the sample.The
Fluids
method may not be applicable to soil-cement materials con-
D2901 Test Method for Cement Content of Freshly Mixed
taining soils or aggregates which yield significant amounts of
Soil-Cement
dissolved calcium oxide (CaO) under the conditions of the test.
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
NOTE 1—The agency performing this test method can be evaluated in
Used in Engineering Design and Construction accordance with Practice D3740. Not withstanding statements on preci-
sion and bias contained in this test method: the precision of this test
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying
methodisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingitand
Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
the suitability of the equipment and facilities used.Agencies that meet the
Construction Materials Testing
criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent
D5982 Test Method for Determining Cement Content of
and objective testing. Users of this test method are cautioned that
Fresh Soil-Cement (Heat of Neutralization Method)
compliance with Practice D3740 does not, in itself, ensure reliable testing.
D6026 PracticeforUsingSignificantDigitsinGeotechnical
Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a
Data means of evaluating some of these factors.
5. Apparatus
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
5.1 Analytical Balance—An analytical balance conforming
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization with
Admixtures.
to the requirements of Class GP2 in Specification D4753 and
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
with Class S weights.
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D806 – 00. DOI:
5.2 FilterPaper—FilterpaperincludingWhatmanNo.1,11
10.1520/D0806-00R06.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or and 15 cm in diameter; Whatman No. 41, 15 cm in diameter;
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and Whatman No. 2, 11 or 15 cm in diameter.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5.3 Fifty-Millilitre-Pipet.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D806–00 (2006)
5.4 Drying Oven—Thermostatically controlled, preferably 8. Procedure
of the forced-air type, meeting the requirements of Specifica-
8.1 Dry 25 g of each of the samples in an oven to constant
tion E145 and capable of maintaining a uniform temperature of
mass at 110 6 5°C (230 6 9°F) to remove free water. Reduce
110 6 5°C throughout the drying chamber.
the samples to pass a No. 40- (425 µm-) sieve.
5.5 Miscellaneous Apparatus—Supplementary equipment,
8.2 Using an analytical balance, prepare the following
such as electric ovens, hot plates, a small riffle, a No. 40- (425
amounts for each of the samples: raw soil, 5 g; soil-cement
µm-) sieve with bottom pan and cover, a cast iron mortar and
mixture, 5 g; and cement, 1 g. Place each of the weighed
pestle, and a ball mill if possible.
samples in a 250-mL beaker.Add 50 mL of HCl (1 + 1) (Note
3) to each sample, cover, and boil gently for 5 min on the hot
6. Reagents
plate.
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
NOTE 3—In the case of the cement sample, it is usually preferable first
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
toadd40mLofwaterandthenstirtoobtainathoroughmixture.Thenadd
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit- 10 mL of HCl (sp gr 1.19) and boil gently just long enough to obtain
decomposition of the cement. Vigorous or extended boiling of soil or
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
cement samples is seldom necessary, and often results in much slower
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
filtration.
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the 8.3 Add 25 mL of hot water to the beakers, stir, allow to
accuracy of the determination. settle momentarily, and then decant the contents through a
6.2 Potassium Permanganate, Standard Solution (0.1 N)— Whatman No. 1 filter paper (Note 4), preferably 15 cm in
diameter. The filtrate should be received in a 250-mLvolumet-
Prepare and standardize a 0.1 N KMnO solution.
ric flask. When the liquid has passed through the filter paper,
NOTE 2—The use of a standard 0.1 N KMnO solution is not necessary
wash the residue once by decantation, using hot water; then
when the samples are titrated in accordance with 8.9 and the results are
transfer it to the filter, using a stream of hot water. The beaker
calculated in accordance with 9.2.
should be rapidly policed, the loosened material being trans-
6.3 Ammonium Nitrate Solution—Dissolve 20 g of NH NO
3 ferred to the filter paper. The material on the filter should then
in 1L of distilled water.
be washed an additional four times, each washing consisting of
6.4 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 3)—Add 200 mL of HCl (sp gr
10 to 15 mL of hot water directed in a stream from the wash
1.19) to 600 mL of distilled water.
bottle. Very small amounts of residue will occasionally pass
6.5 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 1)—Add 25 mL of HCl (sp gr
through the filter. These ordinarily may be disregarded.
1.19) to 25 mL of distilled water.
NOTE 4—Inthecaseofthesoilandsoil-cementsamples,thebulkofthe
6.6 Nitric Acid—See Note 3.
residue sometimes slows filtration appreciably. No difficulty is usually
6.7 Ammonium Oxalate Solution (5 %)—50 g of ammo-
encountered from cement samples, and, as a rule, soil samples may be
niumoxalate.(Warning—Inadditiontootherprecautions,this
filtered and washed in less than 30 min. Some soil-cement mixtures
require more time, but, if this period exceeds 1 h, subsequent filtration in
is done by adding the acid, slowly while stirring, to the water
similarcasesmaybemorerapidifaNo.41paperissubstitutedfortheNo.
to avoid a sudden temperature rise that could cause boiling and
1 paper. Slow filtration in such cases is generally caused by excessive
spattering of the acid solution.)
boiling, resulting in gelation of the silica, which materially retards
6.8 Ammonium Hydroxide, NH OH (sp gr 0.90).
filtration.
6.9 Sulfuric Acid (1 + 1)—Add 500 mL H SO (sp gr 1.84)
2 4
8.4 When washing has been completed, discard the filter,
to 500 mL of distilled water.
and dilute the filtrate in the volumetric flask to 250 mL with
cold water. The temperature of the solution should be near the
7. Samples
calibration point of the flask. Agitate the flask to mix the
7.1 Samples of the following shall be selected for the test:
contents thoroughly, then remove a 50-mLaliquot and transfer
7.1.1 Raw Soil, representative of the soil phase of the
to the original 250-mL beaker (8.2), using a
...
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