ASTM D3497-79(2003)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Mixtures (Withdrawn 2009)
Standard Test Method for Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Mixtures (Withdrawn 2009)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The values of dynamic modulus can be used for both asphalt paving mixture design and asphalt pavement thickness design.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for preparing and testing asphalt mixtures to determine dynamic modulus values. The procedure described covers a range of both temperature and loading frequency. The minimum recommended test series consists of testing at 41, 77, and 104°F (5, 25, and 40°C) at loading frequencies of 1, 4, and 16 Hz for each temperature.
1.2 This method is applicable to asphalt paving mixtures similar to mixes 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, and 7A, as defined by Specification D 3515.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers procedures for preparing and testing asphalt mixtures to determine dynamic modulus values.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials, this test method was withdrawn in August 2009. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because it is an old test method that is no longer useful.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D3497 – 79 (Reapproved2003)
Standard Test Method for
Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers procedures for preparing and 4.1 A sinusoidal (haversine) axial compression stress is
testing asphalt mixtures to determine dynamic modulus values. applied to a specimen of asphalt concrete at a given tempera-
The procedure described covers a range of both temperature ture and loading frequency. The resulting recoverable axial
and loading frequency. The minimum recommended test series strain response of the specimen is measured and used to
consists of testing at 41, 77, and 104°F (5, 25, and 40°C) at calculate dynamic modulus.
loading frequencies of 1, 4, and 16 Hz for each temperature.
5. Significance and Use
1.2 This method is applicable to asphalt paving mixtures
5.1 The values of dynamic modulus can be used for both
similar to mixes 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, and 7A, as defined by
Specification D 3515. asphalt paving mixture design and asphalt pavement thickness
design.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6.1 Testing Machine—An electro-hydraulic testing machine
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
with a function generator capable of producing a haversine
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
wave form has proven to be most suitable for use in dynamic
2. Referenced Documents
modulus testing. The testing machine should have the capabil-
ity of applying the loads over a range of frequencies from 0.1
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Speci- to 20 Hz and stress levels up to 100 psi (690 kPa).
6.2 Temperature-Control System—The temperature-control
mens
D 3496 Method for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture system should be capable of a temperature range from 32 to
120 6 1°F (0 to 50 6 0.5°C).The temperature chamber should
Specimens for Dynamic Modulus Testing
D 3515 Specification for Hot-Mixed, Hot-Laid Bituminous be large enough to hold six specimens.
Paving Mixtures 6.3 Measurement System—The measurement system con-
sists of a two-channel recorder, stress- and strain-measuring
3. Terminology
devices, a suitable signal amplification, and excitation equip-
3.1 Definitions: ment. The measurement system should have the capability for
3.1.1 dynamic modulus—the absolute value of the complex determining loading up to 3000 lbf (13.3 kN) from a recording
modulusthatdefinestheelasticpropertiesofalinearviscoelas- with a minimum sensitivity of 2 % of the test load per
tic material subjected to a sinusoidal loading, ?E*? millimetre of chart paper. This system should also be capable
3.1.2 complex modulus—a complex number that defines the for use in determining strains over a range of full-scale
relationship between stress and strain for a linear viscoelastic recorder outputs from 300 to 5000 micro units of strain.At the
material, E*. highest sensitivity setting, the system should be able to display
3.1.3 linear material—a material whose stress to strain ratio 4microstrainunitsorlesspermillimetreontherecordedchart.
is independent of the loading stress applied. 6.3.1 Recorder—The recorder amplitude should be inde-
pendent of frequency for tests conducted up to 20 Hz.
6.3.2 Strain Measurement—The values of axial strain are
measured by bonding two wire strain gages at mid-height
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
opposite each other on the specimens. The gages are wired in
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.26 on
Fundamental/Mechanistic Tests. a Wheatstone Bridge circuit with two active gages on the test
Current edition approved Oct. 26, 1979. Published December 1979. Originally
specimen and two temperature-compensating gages on an
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 1995 as D 3497 – 79 (1995).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton SR-4 Type A-1S 13 strain gage has been found
the ASTM website. satisfactory for this purpose.
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D3497 – 79 (2003)
unstressed specimen exposed to the same environment as the lowest temperature and run the three frequencies from fastest
test specimen. The temperature-compensating gages should be to slowest. Bring specimens to specified temperature before
at the same position on the specimen as the active gages. The each test. Repeat for next highest temperature.
sensitivity and type of measurement device should be selected 8.5 For laboratory-molded specimens, test three specimens
to provide the strain readout required in 6.3.
at each temperature and frequency condition twice. Conduct
6.3.3 Load Measurements—Loads are measured with an tests in same order as pavement cores (8.4). Run the replicate
electronic load cell meeting requirements for load and stress
tests before the temperature is chan
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