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ASTM E2692-10(2018)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Thermal Barriers in Fenestration Products

Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Thermal Barriers in Fenestration Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thermal barriers require sufficient structural strength to carry the loads imposed on fenestration members while reducing the heat transfer through the depth of the framing members throughout their service life.  
5.2 Sustained gravity, bending and tensile loads that stress the thermal barrier (that is, glazing infill weight, wind loads, and glazing gasket pressure) are not covered by this test method.  
5.3 The reader is encouraged to read AAMA TIR-A8 for further information on thermal barriers and testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the longitudinal shear strength before and after thermal cycling for thermally broken composite thermal barriers used in framing of windows, doors, and skylights. It also evaluates the ability of a thermal barrier to maintain its longitudinal dimension after thermal cycling.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all fenestration products that are constructed with structural thermal barriers that are affixed along their length to the adjoining metal profile  
1.3 This test method is meant to be applicable to many types of fenestration frame types and is not meant to be specific to any single frame construction type.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Aug-2018
ICS
91.060.50 - Doors and windows
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.51 - Performance of Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM E2692-10(2018) - Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Thermal Barriers in Fenestration ProductsASTM E2692-10(2018) - Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Thermal Barriers in Fenestration Products
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ASTM E2692-10(2018) - Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Thermal Barriers in Fenestration Products
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2692 − 10 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Structural Performance of Thermal Barriers in Fenestration
1
Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2692; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope AAMA TIR-A8 Performance of Composite Thermal Barrier
Framing Systems
1.1 This test method evaluates the longitudinal shear
strength before and after thermal cycling for thermally broken
3. Terminology
composite thermal barriers used in framing of windows, doors,
and skylights. It also evaluates the ability of a thermal barrier 3.1 Definitions:
to maintain its longitudinal dimension after thermal cycling.
3.1.1 adhesive failure, n—when an fenestration framing
member loses the bond with the thermal barrier, during the
1.2 This test method is applicable to all fenestration prod-
application of the load in the shear test.
ucts that are constructed with structural thermal barriers that
3.1.2 cohesive failure, n—when the thermal barrier in a
are affixed along their length to the adjoining metal profile
fenestration framing member breaks apart within the matrix of
1.3 This test method is meant to be applicable to many types
the thermal barrier itself during the application of the load in
of fenestration frame types and is not meant to be specific to
the shear test.
any single frame construction type.
3.1.3 fenestration products, n—windows, doors, and sky-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
lights.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.4 longitudinal shear, n—shear in a longitudinal plane, or
standard.
parallel to the longitudinal axis, of the fenestration framing
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
member.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.5 metal failure, n—yieldingofthemetalpriororequalto
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3 mm of displacement in the thermal barrier during the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
application of the load in the shear test.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.6 room temperature, n—for this test method, it shall be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- defined as 22 6 3 °C.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.7 thermal barrier or thermal break, n—structure con-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
necting inner and outer metal profiles of a fenestration framing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
member that consists of a thermally insulating (nonmetallic)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
material used for the purpose of reducing heat transfer across
the assembly.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.8 thermally broken composite, n—a fenestration framing
2
member composed of an inner and outer metal profile con-
2.1 AAMA Standards:
nected by a thermal barrier, affixed along their long axis.
AAMA 505 Dry Shrinkage and Composite Performance
Thermal Cycling Test Procedure
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method subjects thermally broken fenestration
1
extrusions to shear load before and after thermal cycling.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.51
on Performance of Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls.
5. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originally
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2692–10. DOI:
5.1 Thermal barriers require sufficient structural strength to
10.1520/E2692–10R18.
carry the loads imposed on fenestration members while reduc-
2
Available from the American Architectural Manufacturers Association
ing the heat transfer through the depth of the framing members
(AAMA), 1827 Walden Office Square, Suite 550, Schaumberg, IL 60173-4268,
http://www.aamanet.org. throughout their service life.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2692 − 10 (2018)
5.2 Sustained gravity, bending and tensile loads that stress two temperatures at a controlled rate, within the time required
the thermal barrier (that is, glazing infill weight,
...

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ASTM E2264-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Effects of Temperature Cycling on Fenestration Products

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5.1 Fenestration products, when exposed to differential temperatures (constant higher or lower temperatures on the exterior and room temperature on the interior), or temperature cycling (relatively constant room temperature on the interior and repeated cycling of higher and lower temperatures on the exterior), will have stresses induced on components that may cause failure or changes in overall system performance. Some of these changes may be temporary, with their effects on system performance lasting only during the cyclical temperature exposure. Other changes may be more permanent because of the failure of critical components or irreversible changes in those critical components that control overall system performance.  
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1.1 This practice covers the testing of any fenestration products that are installed with the exterior surface exposed to weathering conditions. It is intended to measure the response of the fenestration product to temperature cycles with the temperature changes being induced by controlling the air temperature on the exterior (weather side) or by exposing the product to infrared radiation, or both. When tested using this practice, fenestration products are exposed to standard cycles of elevated and depressed ambient air and surface temperatures. Test methods are specified for evaluating changes in performance that may occur as a result of temperature cycling. With this practice, seasonal and diurnal temperature conditions are simulated in a controlled laboratory apparatus.  
1.2 In this practice, two test methods, Test Method A and Test Method B, are described for exposing the exterior surface of fenestration products to the elevated portion of a standardized temperature cycle. The purpose for providing two test methods of exposure is to address two distinct needs of the fenestration industry.  
1.2.1 Test Method A uses infrared radiation to increase the surface temperature of the fenestration product and uses a black panel temperature sensor placed in front of the specimen's exterior surface to sense the temperature. The surface temperature of the black panel temperature sensor is raised to a preset level above the exterior ambient air temperature. This provides a more realistic test for temperature exposure based on atmospheric solar radiation and its effect on the temperature increase of exterior building materials. This method should be used when the number of cycles can be large and the outcome is critical for field correlation. Test Method A is intended for comparative product evaluations.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers exterior windows, glazed curtain walls, doors and impact protective systems used in buildings located in geographic regions that are prone to hurricanes. The test specimens shall be Fenestration assemblies, and impact protective systems; which shall be tested using the large missile test, and small missile test. The air pressure cycling, missiles, and impact location are also detailed.
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1.2 This specification provides the information required to conduct Test Method E1886.  
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Standard Test Methods for Measuring the Forced Entry Resistance of Window Assemblies, Excluding Glazing Impact

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
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1.1 This practice covers the installation of fenestration products in new and existing construction. For the purpose of this practice, fenestration products shall be limited to windows, sliding patio-type doors, swinging patio type doors, and skylights, as used primarily in residential and light commercial buildings.  
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Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration under uniform or cyclic static air pressure differences of installed exterior windows, skylights, curtain walls, and doors. The air-pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. These factors should be considered fully prior to specifying the test pressure difference to be used.
Note 1: In applying the results of tests by this test method, note that the performance of a wall or its components, or both, may be a function of proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will also depend on the rigidity of supporting construction and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes, vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, and so forth. It is difficult to simulate the identical complex wetting conditions that can be encountered in service, with large wind-blown water drops, increasing water drop impact pressures with increasing wind velocity, and lateral or upward moving air and water. Some designs are more sensitive than others to this upward moving water.
Note 2: This test method does not identify unobservable liquid water which may penetrate into the test specimen.  
5.2 Laboratory tests are designed to give an indication of the performance of an assembly. Field performance may vary from laboratory performance since the supporting structure for the test specimen, methods of mounting, and sealing in the laboratory can only simulate the actual conditions that will exist in the building. Shipping, handling, installation, acts of subsequent trades, aging, and other environmental conditions all may have an adverse effect upon the performance of the installed product. This field test procedure provides a means for determining the performance of a product once installed in the building.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of installed exterior windows, curtain walls, skylights, and doors to water penetration when water is applied to the outdoor face and exposed edges simultaneously with a static air pressure at the outdoor face higher than the pressure at the indoor face.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to any curtain-wall area or to windows, skylights, or doors alone. It is intended primarily for determining the resistance to water penetration through such assemblies for compliance with specified performance criteria, but it may also be used to determine the resistance to penetration through the joints between the assemblies and the adjacent construction. Other procedures may be appropriate to identify sources of leakage.  
1.3 This test method addresses water penetration through a manufactured assembly. Water that penetrates the assembly, but does not result in a failure as defined herein, may have adverse effects on the performance of contained materials such as sealants and insulating or laminated glass. This test method does not address these issues.  
1.4 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledge of the principles of pressure measurement.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 7.1.  
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ASTM E1425-14(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Acoustical Performance of Windows, Doors, Skylight, and Glazed Wall Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Air Leakage Relative to Sound Transmission—Certain frequencies are more susceptible to sound transmission through cavities or discontinuities in the test specimen; therefore, the air leakage of the test specimen is reported to allow the approving authority information relative to air tightness.
Note 1: The AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 document provides air leakage acceptance criteria for these products based on their performance class. Acoustical products could require a lower air leakage rate than what is required in this standard in order to achieve the desired acoustical performance.  
4.2 Operating Force Relative to Sound Transmission—The use of specific sealing components to achieve a given sound rating could affect operating force of the vertical or horizontal sliding sash or panels of the assembly; therefore, operating force is reported to allow the approving authority information relative to sash or panel operating forces.
Note 2: The opening force in 28 CFR Part 36 ADA for interior hinged doors and sliding doors is limited to 5 lbf (22.2 N). The AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 document provides operating force acceptance criteria for products based on their performance class.  
4.3 Latching Force Relative to Sound Transmission—Latching force can affect the compression of seals and the amount of damping applied to the system that in turn affects the air leakage and the acoustical performance. The use of specific sealing components and latching/locking hardware can affect the force required to close and latch the door under test. The latching force is reported to allow the approving authority information relative to sash or panel latching conditions.
Note 3: The AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 document states that the maximum force to latch shall be measured and reported.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes requirements for testing and rating acoustical performance of window, door, skylight, and glazed wall systems, regardless of their method or materials of manufacture.  
1.1.1 Operating force, latching force, and air leakage are integral elements of the acoustical performance of window, door, skylight, and glazed wall systems. This practice requires (when applicable) the concurrent testing of operating force, latching force, and air leakage, in addition to the sound transmission loss test.  
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ASTM E2268-04(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, and Doors by Rapid Pulsed Air Pressure Difference

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration during rapid cyclic pulses of dynamic air pressure differences. The air-pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. These factors should be fully considered prior to specifying the test pressure difference to be used.  
5.2 The median test pressure used in this test method is defined as the specified test pressure supplied by the user and related to the maximum positive building design pressure. This test method departs from the format of other ASTM water penetration resistance test methods based on a maximum test pressure related to a maximum positive building design pressure.  
5.3 As the specified or median test pressure is increased, the maximum test pressure in this procedure is also increased to 1.5 times the specification median test pressure. This higher maximum test pressure may not be representative of actual building service conditions. For this reason the maximum recommended median test pressure is 480 Pa (10 psf), which corresponds to a maximum test pressure of 720 Pa (15 psf).  
5.4 The pulsed pressure of this test method may act to pump water past dry seals and breather systems of units incorporating these features, thereby making the test method more severe than a static pressure test method. On the other hand, the low pressure portions of the pressure cycles of this test method may allow weep systems and drainage dams to dissipate water from units incorporating these features, thereby making the test method less severe than a static pressure test method.
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of exterior windows, skylights, and doors to water penetration when water is applied to the outdoor face and exposed edges simultaneously with a rapid pulsed air pressure at the outdoor face higher than the pressure at the indoor face.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to windows, skylights, or doors alone. Those interested in testing curtain walls to rapid pulsed air pressure differences should use AAMA 501.1-94.  
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1.4 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledge of the principles of pressure measurement.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E331-00(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration under uniform static air pressure differences. The air-pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. These factors should be fully considered prior to specifying the test pressure difference to be used.
Note 1: In applying the results of tests by this test method, note that the performance of a wall or its components, or both, may be a function of proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will also depend on the rigidity of supporting construction and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes, vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, etc. It is difficult to simulate the identical complex wetting conditions that can be encountered in service, with large wind-blown water drops, increasing water drop impact pressures with increasing wind velocity, and lateral or upward moving air and water. Some designs are more sensitive than others to this upward moving water.
Note 2: This test method does not identify unobservable liquid water which may penetrate into the test specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of exterior windows, curtain walls, skylights, and doors to water penetration when water is applied to the outdoor face and exposed edges simultaneously with a uniform static air pressure at the outdoor face higher than the pressure at the indoor face.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to any curtain-wall area or to windows, skylights, or doors alone.  
1.3 This test method addresses water penetration through a manufactured assembly. Water that penetrates the assembly, but does not result in a failure as defined herein, may have adverse effects on the performance of contained materials such as sealants and insulating or laminated glass. This test method does not address these issues.  
1.4 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledge of the principles of pressure measurement.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 7.1.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1424-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Skylights, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure and Temperature Differences Across the Specimen

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The exterior building envelope and its components (for example, windows and doors) separate the interior conditioned spaces from exterior environmental factors such as heat, cold, rain, wind, noise dust, etc. Building materials and components can expand or contract to varying degrees, depending on seasonal and diurnal exterior ambient air temperatures. Fluctuations in the ambient air temperatures can alter the sealing characteristics of windows, curtain walls, and doors by changing weather seal compression ratios. Thermal expansion or contraction of framing materials coupled with thermal blowing due to temperature gradients through the product, and alterations in the effective leakage areas due to weather seal shrinkage and compression set, can also significantly alter the air leakage rates of these products in field service applications. Air leakage tests performed using Test Method E283 (a laboratory air leakage test performed at ambient temperature conditions) will not account accurately for changes in air leakage rates that may occur from dimensional changes in fenestration systems, materials, and components.  
5.2 It is recommended that test specifiers consult the manufacturer for recommended test temperature extremes.  
5.3 This procedure provides a means for evaluating air leakage rates of fenestration systems under various temperature and pressure conditions and air flow directions. It is also applicable for use in evaluating the efficiency of weather sealing products in fenestration systems. All air flow rates are converted to standard conditions to provide a means of comparison between measurements made at different ambient air temperature and pressure conditions.  
5.4 Air leakage rates are sometimes used for comparison purposes. Such comparisons may not be valid unless the components being tested and compared are of essentially the same size, configuration, and design.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a standard laboratory procedure for determining the air leakage rates of exterior windows, curtain walls, and doors under specified differential air temperature and pressure conditions across the specimen.  
1.2 Specified temperature and pressure conditions are representative of those that may be encountered at the exterior thermal envelope of buildings, excluding the effects of heat buildup due to solar radiation.  
1.3 This laboratory procedure is applicable to exterior windows, curtain walls, and doors and is intended to measure only such leakage associated with the assembly and not the installation; however, the test method can be adapted for the latter purpose.  
1.4 This is a laboratory procedure for testing at differential temperature conditions. Persons interested in a laboratory test at ambient conditions should reference Test Method E283. Persons interested in a field test on installed windows and doors should reference Test Method E783.  
1.5 Persons using this procedure should be knowledgeable in the areas of heat transfer, fluid mechanics, and instrumentation practices, and shall have a general understanding of fenestration products and components.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technic...

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  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off