ASTM D2013-07
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Other standards are used to collect the gross sample: Practice D 2234/D 2234 M allows for one division of the gross sample before crushing. The mass and top size of the gross or divided sample collected by using these guides and practices are usually too large for chemical or physical testing. Practice D 2013 provide instructions for reducing and dividing the gross or divided sample, by on-line or off-line processes, or both, to a top size and mass suitable to the performance of testing. Any bias in the gross or divided sample before adherence to this practice will remain in the final sample resulting from use of this practice. Therefore, carefully select the standard to be used to collect the gross sample.
Division and reduction of a sample may occur at more than one location. Most often, the sample is collected, reduced, and divided (one or more times) by use of a mechanical sampling system. The remaining sample may be further divided on-site to facilitate transporting it to the laboratory where further reduction and division likely occurs before analysis.
In places, this practice requires air drying the sample before subsequent reduction. Procedures for air drying and air-dry loss determination are provided in Test Method D 3302.
Most often, samples are reduced and divided to an analysis sample. However, some tests may require a sample of different mass or top size. This procedure may be used to provide a sample of any mass and size consist from the gross or divided sample to, and including, the analysis sample.
This practice also specifies how to prepare composite samples, if required.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the reduction and division of gross or divided samples, and the preparation of composite samples, up to and including the individual portions for laboratory analysis.
1.2 Reduction and division procedures are prescribed for coals of the following groups:
1.2.1 Group A includes coals that have been cleaned in all sizes.
1.2.2 Group B includes all other coals. Unknown coals are to be considered under Group B.
1.2.3 Group A allows smaller weight laboratory samples to be retained than Group B. These lower weights may be used for particular coals if they have been shown, by using the procedures of Annex A1.2, to give a sample preparation and analysis variance which is no more than 20 % of the total analysis variance.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.4 This method covers procedures for checking precision of sample preparation and analysis of the various stages. The data obtained from tests using consistent sample preparation and analysis method are used to estimate the random errors in the various stages of sample division and analysis.
1.5 Coals used in each series of tests should be of similar ash content.
1.6 Legitimate estimates of the variance of division and analysis, Sda2, can only be made using data obtained from tests that were run using consistent division and analysis methods. Coals used in these variance tests should be of similar ash content. Any gross change in the division and analysis methods or in the ash characteristics of the test coal will nullify the test results.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D2013–07
Standard Practice for
1
Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2013; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
2 of Coal
1.1 This practice covers the reduction and division of gross
D3174 Test Method forAsh in theAnalysis Sample of Coal
or divided samples, and the preparation of composite samples,
and Coke from Coal
up to and including the individual portions for laboratory
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
analysis.
D4749 Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of
1.2 Reduction and division procedures are prescribed for
Coal and Designating Coal Size
coals of the following groups:
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
1.2.1 Group A includes coals that have been cleaned in all
Sieves
sizes.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.2.2 Group B includes all other coals. Unknown coals are
ASTM Test Methods
to be considered under Group B.
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
1.2.3 Group A allows smaller weight laboratory samples to
beretainedthanGroupB.Theselowerweightsmaybeusedfor
3. Terminology
particular coals if they have been shown, by using the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard—No
procedures of Annex A1.2, to give a sample preparation and
terms are used which are specific to this practice. Many terms
analysis variance which is no more than 20 % of the total
used in this practice may be found in Terminologies D121 and
analysis variance.
E456 and in Practice E177.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Practice
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Three processes of sample division and reduction are
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
covered as follows:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1.1 Procedure A—Manual riffles are used for division of
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
the sample and mechanical crushing equipment for the reduc-
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
tion of the sample.
information purposes only.
4.1.2 Procedure B—Mechanical sample dividers are used
for the division of the sample and mechanical crushing
2. Referenced Documents
3 equipment for the reduction of the sample.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.3 Combined Procedure A and B—The two procedures
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
may be combined at any stage.
5. Significance and Use
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and
5.1 Other standards are used to collect the gross sample:
Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.23 on Sampling.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2007.PublishedJuly2007.Originallyapproved Practice D2234/D 2234 MD2234/D2234M allows for one di-
in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2013 – 04. DOI: 10.1520/
vision of the gross sample before crushing. The mass and top
D2013-07.
size of the gross or divided sample collected by using these
2
For more detailed explanation of this practice see Keller, G. E., “Determination
guides and practices are usually too large for chemical or
of Quantities Needed in Coal Sample Preparation and Analysis,” Transactions,Vol
232, 1965, pp. 218-226.
physical testing. Practice D2013 provide instructions for re-
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ducing and dividing the gross or divided sample, by on-line or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
off-lineprocesses,orboth,toatopsizeandmasssuitabletothe
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. performanceoftesting.Anybiasinthegrossordividedsample
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2013–07
beforeadherencetothispracticewillremaininthefinalsample 6.2.2.1 Feed Scoop—A feed scoop or pan having straight
resulting from use of this practice. Therefore, carefully select sides and a width equal to the effective width of the riffle shall
the standard to be used to collect the gross sample. be used to feed the riffle.
5.2 Division and reduction of a sample may occur at more
6.2.2.2 Feed Chute—Afeed chute shall be used as shown
...
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