ASTM F449-97

Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is recommended for and limited to gravity flow subsurface drainage systems or water table control, but not recommended for sanitary or storm sewer applications. Procedures are outlined to minimize tubing deflection or structural damage during and after the installation process. These installation procedures are in accordance with "flexible conduit" principles.  
1.2 This practice applies to all agricultural subsurface drainage or water table control installations.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-1997
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.65 - Land Drainage

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 449 – 97 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Practice for
Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for
1
Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 449; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope or filter materials where used during installation.
3.4 blinding—the placement of soil, bedding material over
1.1 This practice is recommended for and limited to gravity
and on the sides of the pipe or envelope to ensure proper grade,
flow subsurface drainage systems or water table control, but
alignment, support, and protection of pipe during backfilling
not recommended for sanitary or storm sewer applications.
and after installation.
Procedures are outlined to minimize pipe deflection or struc-
3.5 boot (also shield)— the protecting apparatus linked to
tural damage during and after the installation process. These
the rear of the installation machine in a manner which allows
installation procedures are in accordance with “flexible con-
placement of the pipe on the trench bottom, protection of the
duit” principles.
workman, or placement of envelope or filter material, or both.
1.2 This practice applies to all agricultural subsurface drain-
3.6 cradle—a prefabricated rigid structure designed to pro-
age or water table control installations.
vide trench bottom support for the pipe when soil support is
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
inadequate.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.7 envelope—porous material placed around the pipe to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
provide bedding, improve the flow of ground water into the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
drain, or function as a filter.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.8 filter—an envelope of natural or synthetic materials
2. Referenced Documents placed completely around a drain to permit free water move-
ment into the drain, provide stabilizing support at the soil-filter
2.1 ASTM Standards:
interface, and restrict movement of silt and sand into the drain.
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
2
3.9 grade—the slope of the pipe invert.
Plastics
3.10 groove support angle— angle between the radii of the
D 2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
3
pipe at points of contact with the formed groove of undisturbed
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
soil or a cradle.
F 405 Specification for Corrugated Polyethylene (PE) Tub-
3
3.11 mineral soils—soil containing (1) less than 30 %
ing and Fittings
3
organic matter by weight provided the mineral fraction is 60 %
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
or more clay, or (2) less than 20 % organic matter by weight
F 667 Specification for Large Diameter Corrugated Poly-
3
provided the mineral fraction has no clay, or (3) less than a
ethylene Pipe and Fittings
proportional content of organic matter between 20 and 30 % if
3. Terminology
the clay content of the mineral fraction is between 0 and 60 %.
3.12 natural granular envelope—an envelope of granular
3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412
material, usually highly permeable well-graded sand and
and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,
gravel.
unless otherwise specified.
3.13 organic soil—soil containing (1) 30 % or more organic
3.2 backfill—materials used to fill the trench following
matter provided the mineral fraction is 60 % or more clay, or (
installation of the pipe and bedding.
2) 20 % or more organic matter provided the mineral fraction
3.3 bedding—material which provides stable bottom sup-
has no clay, or (3) a proportional content of organic matter
port for the pipe including the trench bottom groove support
between 20 and 30 % if the clay content of mineral fraction is
angle or select material placed around the pipe, and envelope
between 0 and 60 %. (It is a general rule that a soil is classed
as an organic soil (histosol) either if more than one half of
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic
upper 80 mm (32 in.) of soil is organic or if organic soil
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on Land
material of any thickness rests on rock or on fragmental
Drainage.
Current edition approved May 10, 1997. Published November 1997. Orig
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