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ASTM D4956-05

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control

Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible, non-exposed glass bead lens and microprismatic, retroreflective sheeting designed for use on traffic control signs, delineators, barricades, and other devices.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jul-2005
ICS
93.080.30 - Road equipment and installations
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.38 - Highway Traffic Control Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4956-04 - Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control
Effective Date
15-Jul-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D4956-07 - Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control
Effective Date
15-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM E3165-18 - Standard Test Method for Nighttime Retroreflected Chromaticity of Retroreflective Sheeting
Effective Date
15-Jul-2005
Referred By
ASTM D8514/D8514M-23 - Standard Specification for Flexible, Retroreflective Sheeting for Use in High Visibility Vehicle Markings
Effective Date
15-Jul-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1709-16(2022) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Retroreflective Signs Using a Portable Retroreflectometer at a 0.2 Degree Observation Angle
Effective Date
15-Jul-2005
Referred By
ASTM E2706-18 - Standard Practice for Equipment Technology and Operations for Mobile and Plant-Based Secure Destruction Safety Requirements
Effective Date
15-Jul-2005

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ASTM D4956-05 - Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic ControlASTM D4956-05 - Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control
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ASTM D4956-05 - Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4956 – 05
Standard Specification for
1
Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4956; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope E 991 Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent
Specimens
1.1 This specification covers flexible, non-exposed glass
E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrophotometric Data for
beadlensandmicroprismatic,retroreflectivesheetingdesigned
Object-Color Evaluation
for use on traffic control signs, delineators, barricades, and
E1247 PracticeforDetectingFluorescenceinObject-Color
other devices.
Specimens by Spectrophotometry
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
surement by Tristimulus (Filter) Colorimetry
information only.
E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional Geometry
test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This
E2152 Practice for Computing the Colors of Fluorescent
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Objects from Bispectral Photometric Data
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
E2153 Practice for Obtaining Bispectral Photometric Data
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
for Evaluation of Fluorescent Color
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
E2301 TestMethodforDaytimeColorimetricPropertiesof
tions prior to use.
Fluorescent Retroreflective Sheeting and Marking Materi-
2. Referenced Documents
als for High Visibility Traffic Control and Personal Safety
2
Applications Using 45°: Normal Geometry
2.1 ASTM Standards:
G7 Practice for Atmospheric Environmental Exposure
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Testing of Nonmetallic Materials
Sheet and Plate
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonme-
B209M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
tallic Materials for Natural andArtificial Weathering Tests
Sheet and Plate [Metric]
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac-
B449 Specification for Chromates on Aluminum
celerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
G152 PracticeforOperatingOpenFlameCarbonArcLight
E284 Terminology of Appearance
Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by
Using the CIE System
3. Terminology
E808 Practice for Describing Retroreflection
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms are as described in
E810 Test Method for Coefficient of Retroreflection of
Terminology E284 and Practice E808.
Retroreflective Sheeting Utilizing the Coplanar Geometry
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 reboundable sheeting, n—retroreflective material in-
tended to be attached to flexible impact resistant plastic
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D04 on Road
devices, such as traffic drum-like channelizing devices.
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.38 on
Highway Traffic Control Materials.
4. Classification
Current edition approved July 15, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4956–04.
4.1 Retroreflective sheeting shall consist of a white or
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
colored sheeting having a smooth outer surface and that
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
essentially has the property of a retroreflector over its entire
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. surface. There are ten types and five classes of retroreflective
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4956–05
sheeting. Types are determined by conformance to the retrore- 4.2.6 Type VI—Anelastomerichigh-intensityretroreflective
flectance, color, and durability requirements listed in 6.1 and sheeting without adhesive. This sheeting is typically a vinyl
may be of any construction providing that those requirements
microprismatic retroreflective material. This sheeting is typi-
are met. Type designation is provided as a means for differen-
cally used for orange tempo
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification covers reflectorized thermoplastic based pavement striping material of the class that is applied to the road surface in a molten state by screed/extrusion or ribbon extrusion means. It deals with longitudinal applications in non snow plow areas, standard (non-profile) pavement marking applications, and applications on smooth asphalt or concrete surfaces. It does not include asphalt seal coat applications, which use large aggregate resulting in a very rough, open grade finish. This specification establishes requirements with respect to chemical composition and physical property of the thermoplastic pavement marking material, requirements for the optics that are used to reflectorize the thermoplastic pavement marking material after application, field performance requirements for the installed thermoplastic pavement markings, and material application requirements.
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1.1 This specification covers a reflectorized thermoplastic-based pavement striping material of the class that is applied to the road surface in a molten state by screed/extrusion or ribbon extrusion means. Retroreflectivity of the pavement marking compound is achieved initially by surface application of retroreflective optics at the time of pavement marking application. Upon cooling to normal pavement temperature, the pavement marking material produces an adherent reflectorized stripe of specified thickness and width capable of resisting deformation by traffic. The pavement marking compound includes retroreflective optics (glass beads or composite optics, or both) that are incorporated into the material at the time of manufacture that provide retroreflective properties during the service life of the material.  
1.1.1 This specification is limited to:
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1.1.2 This specification includes:
1.1.2.1 Compositional and physical property requirements of the thermoplastic pavement marking material,
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1.1 This specification covers flexible, non-exposed glass-bead lens and microprismatic, retroreflective sheeting designed for use on traffic control signs, delineators, barricades, and other devices. This specification does not address inks, overlays, or other imaging methods that may be applied to retroreflective sheeting material to create traffic signs or other devices.  
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1.1.2.3 Field performance requirements for the installed thermoplastic pavement markings, and
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ASTM D2792-17(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Solvent and Fuel Resistance of Traffic Paint

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Traffic paints must have good resistance to motor oil and fuel drippings on the highway. This test method describes the procedure necessary to evaluate the resistance of traffic paint to reference test fluids in order to simulate this type of action.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a laboratory procedure for determining the resistance of a dried film of traffic paint to the action of a specified hydrocarbon solvent or gasoline fuel test fluid.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D4797-17(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Gravimetric Analysis of White and Yellow Thermoplastic Pavement Marking

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The function of these test methods is to define the percent of binder and retroreflective optics or non-retroreflective particles in the composition of the thermoplastic pavement marking as defined by the applicable specification for the manufacture of a specific thermoplastic pavement marking. The subsequent sample, as a result of ashing can be used to later test for the presence of titanium dioxide, lead chromate and possibly organic pigments.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the gravimetric analysis of the binder and hydrochloric Acid (HCL) insoluble particles in white and yellow thermoplastic pavement markings. The HCL insoluble particles can be retroreflective optics, such as glass beads or some other type of retroreflective optic, or non-retroreflective particles such as silica sand, or a combination of any two or more of these materials.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address the titanium dioxide or lead chromate pigment measurement (after ashing) which is detailed in Test Methods D1394 and D126.  
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1.5 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Percent Binder  
10  
Percent Retroreflective Optics or
Non-Retroreflective Particles  
11  
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