ASTM D3180-12
(Practice)Standard Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses from As-Determined to Different Bases
Standard Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses from As-Determined to Different Bases
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The calculations of analytical data for the coal and coke test parameters listed in Section 6, assume the analysis sample has been prepared according to Practice D2013 and Test Method D3302.
This practice provides formulas, to enable calculations of data from the as-determined analysis sample to various moisture bases, in common use by the coal and coke industry.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice lists formulas that allow analytical data to be expressed in various bases in common use. Such bases are: as received, dry, equilibrium moisture, dry ash free, and others.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
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Designation: D3180 − 12
StandardPractice for
Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses from As-Determined to
1
Different Bases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3180; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope moisture level in the sample at the time of analysis. These
values are normally converted, according to formulae con-
1.1 This practice lists formulas that allow analytical data to
tained herein, to conventional reporting bases.
be expressed in various bases in common use. Such bases are:
3.1.2 as-received basis—analytical data calculated to the
as received, dry, equilibrium moisture, dry ash free, and others.
moisture condition of the sample as it arrived at the laboratory
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and before any processing or conditioning. If the sample has
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
been maintained in a sealed state so that there has been no gain
responsibility of the user this standard to establish appropriate
or loss, the as-received basis is equivalent to the moisture basis
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
as sampled.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 dry basis—data calculated to a theoretical base of no
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
moisture associated with the sample. The numerical value as
standard.
established by Test Methods D3173 or D7582 is used for
2. Referenced Documents
converting the as-determined data to a dry basis.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.1.4 dry, ash-free basis—data calculated to a theoretical
D388 Classification of Coals by Rank base of no moisture or ash associated with the sample.
D1412 Test Method for Equilibrium Moisture of Coal at 96 Numerical values as established by Test Methods D3173,
to 97 Percent Relative Humidity and 30°C
D3174,or, D7582 are used for converting the as-determined
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis data to a moisture- and ash-free basis.
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of
3.1.5 equilibrium moisture base—data calculated to the
Coal and Coke
moisture level established as the equilibrium moisture. Nu-
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal
merical values as established by Test Method D1412 are used
and Coke from Coal
for the calculation.
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and 4. Significance and Use
Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
4.1 The calculations of analytical data for the coal and coke
test parameters listed in Section 6, assume the analysis sample
3. Terminology
has been prepared according to Practice D2013 and Test
3.1 Definitions:
Method D3302.
3.1.1 as-determined basis—analytical data obtained from
4.2 This practice provides formulas, to enable calculations
the analysis sample of coal or coke after conditioning and
of data from the as-determined analysis sample to various
preparation to No. 60 (250-µm) sieve in accordance with
moisture bases, in common use by the coal and coke industry.
Practice D2013 and Test Method D3302. As-determined data
represents the numerical values obtained at the particular
5. Applicable Parameters and Symbols Used
5.1 Thecalculationproceduresdefinedin6.1.3and6.2.2are
1
applicable to the following analysis parameters when ex-
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and
Coke and is the direct responsibility of D05.21 on Methods of Analysis.
pressed as weight percent, µg/g (trace elements) or Btu/lb
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originally
(gross calorific value):
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3180 – 07. DOI:
Ash
10.1520/D3180-12.
2 Carbon
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Carbon dioxide
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Chlorine
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Calorific value (gross)
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3180 − 12
TABLE 2 Proximate Analysis
Fixed carbon
Major, minor and trace elements
Sample Coal As Dry As
Nitrogen
Analysis Determined Basis Received
Sulfur
Basis Basis
Sulfur forms (namely, pyritic, sulfate, organic)
Moisture, % 8.23 . 23.24
Volatile matter
Ash, % 4.46 4.86 3.73
Volatile, % 40.05 43.64 33.50
5.2 The symbols used in this practice:
Fixe
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3180–07 Designation:D3180–12
Standard Practice for
Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses from As-Determined to
1
Different Bases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3180; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice giveslists formulas to enablethat allow analytical data to be expressed onin various different bases in common
use. Such bases are: as received, dry, equilibrium moisture, dry ash free, and others.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D388 Classification of Coals by Rank
D1412 Test Method for Equilibrium Moisture of Coal at 96 to 97 Percent Relative Humidity and 30C
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 as-determined basis—analytical data obtained from the analysis sample of coal or coke after conditioning and preparation
toNo.60(250-µm)sieveinaccordancewithPracticeD2013andTestMethodD3302.As-determineddatarepresentsthenumerical
values obtained at the particular moisture level in the sample at the time of analysis. These values are normally converted,
according to formulae contained herein, to conventional reporting bases.
3.1.2 as-received basis—analytical data calculated to the moisture condition of the sample as it arrived at the laboratory and
before any processing or conditioning. If the sample has been maintained in a sealed state so that there has been no gain or loss,
the as-received basis is equivalent to the moisture basis as sampled.
3.1.3 dry basis—data calculated to a theoretical base of no moisture associated with the sample. The numerical value as
established by Test Methods D3173 or D7582 is used for converting the as-determined data to a dry basis.
3.1.4 dry, ash-free basis—data calculated to a theoretical base of no moisture or ash associated with the sample. Numerical
values as established by Test Methods D3173and Test Method , D3174, or, D7582 are used for converting the as-determined data
to a moisture- and ash-free basis.
3.1.5 equilibrium moisture base—data calculated to the moisture level established as the equilibrium moisture. Numerical
values as established by Test Method D1412 are used for the calculation.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The calculations of analytical data for the coal and coke test parameters listed in Section 6, assume the analysis sample has
been prepared according to Practice D2013 and Test Method D3302.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of D05.21 on Methods of Analysis.
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D3180–89(2002). DOI:
10.1520/D3180-07.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3180 – 07. DOI:
10.1520/D3180-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3180–12
4.2 This practice provides formulas, to enable calculations of data from the as-determined analysis sample to various moisture
basis,bases, in common use by the coal and coke industry.
5. Applicable Parameters and Symbols Used
5.1 The calculation procedures defined in 6.1.3 and 6.2.2 are appl
...
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