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ASTM D3955-99

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Electrical Insulating Varnishes

Standard Specification for Electrical Insulating Varnishes

SCOPE
1.1 This specification lists the tests and values for electrical insulating varnishes suitable for the impregnation and treatment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process.  
1.2 Varnishes, flexible or rigid, included in this specification are: Grade DA -Air-dry Grade DO -Organic solvent containing, baking, Grade DM -Reactive diluent containing, Grade DS -Silicone, Grade DW -Water containing, and Grade DT -Thixotropic.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-1999
ICS
29.035.60 - Varnished fabrics
Technical Committee
D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials
Drafting Committee
D09.01 - Electrical Insulating Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D3955-04 - Standard Specification for Electrical Insulating Varnishes
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004

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ASTM D3955-99 - Standard Specification for Electrical Insulating VarnishesASTM D3955-99 - Standard Specification for Electrical Insulating Varnishes
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ASTM D3955-99 - Standard Specification for Electrical Insulating Varnishes
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 3955 – 99
Standard Specification for
Electrical Insulating Varnishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3955; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope aflash Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 4733 Test Methods for Solventless Electrical Insulating
1.1 This specification lists the tests and values for electrical
Varnishes
insulating varnishes suitable for the impregnation and treat-
D 4880 Test Method for Salt Water Proofness of Insulating
ment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process.
Varnishes Over Enamelled Magnet Wire
1.2 Varnishes, flexible or rigid, included in this specification
D 5637 Test Method for Moisture Resistance of Electrical
are:
Insulation Varnishes
Grade DA—Air-dry
D 5638 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Electrical
Grade DO—Organic solvent containing, baking,
Insulation Varnishes
Grade DM—Reactive diluent containing,
2.2 Military Specifications:
Grade DS—Silicone,
MIL-H-17672 Hydraulic Fluid, Petroleum, Inhibited
Grade DW—Water containing, and
MIL-L-17331 Lubricating Oil, Synthetic Base P-D-680,
Grade DT—Thixotropic.
Dry Cleaning Solvent
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard.
MIL-D-16791 Detergent, General Purpose, (Liquid, Non-
NOTE 1—This specification resembles IEC 455 in title only. The
Ionic)
content is significantly different.
2.3 Nema Standard:
MW1000—Magnet Wire
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
D 93 Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens
3.1 Definitions: —For definitions of terms used in this
Closed Cup Tester
specification refer to Terminology D 1711.
D 115 Test Methods for Varnishes Used for Electrical Insu-
lation
4. Flexible or Rigid Classification
D 1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
4.1 This specification covers both flexible and rigid, solvent
D 2519 Test Method for Bond Strength of Electrical
(including water) and solventless insulating varnishes.
Insulating Varnishes by the Helical Coil Test
D 3056 Test Method for Gel Time of Solventless Varnishes
5. Thermal Classification
D 3145 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Electrical
5.1 The thermal classification of insulating varnishes cov-
Insulating Varnishes by the Helical Coil Method
ered by this specification is determined by using Test Methods
D 3251 Test Method for Thermal-Aging Characteristics of
D 3145 and D 3251 in conjunction with 18 awg magnet wire
Electrical Insulating Varnishes Applied over Film-
conforming to MW35C and MW16C in accordance with
Insulated Magnet Wire
NEMA MW1000. Determine the temperature index at 20 000
D 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Set-
h.
5.2 The thermal class is determined from the temperature
index range as follows:
Thermal Class Temperature Index Range
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-9 on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of
130 130.0 to 154.9
Subcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Varnishes, Powders, and Encapsu-
155 155.0 to 179.9
lating Compounds.
Current edition approved March 10, 1999. Published May 1999. Originally
published as D 3955 – 80. Last previous edition D 3955 – 95.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01. Available from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02. Englewood CO 80112.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3955
ibility by Test Methods D 115. They must be compatible, both
180 180.0 to 199.9
200 200.0 to 219.9
in the liquid and solid state, with the varnish currently being
220 220.0 and above
used in the system.
6.6 Varnishes containing silicone in any portion, must not
6. General Specifications and Qualification Requirements
be mixed with non-silicone varnishes.
6.1 All varnishes supplied under this specification must
6.7 The qualification requirements of the varnish shall be as
conform to the limits outlined in Table 1, and must meet, or
mutually agreed upon between supplier and purchaser, with
exceed, all specification requirements.
tests to be performed in accordance with the appropriate
6.2 A varnish supplied under this specification is to be
methods, and limits as shown in Table 1.
manufactured from one specific formula and one specific
6.8 Preconditioning: Grade DA Varnishes Only—
process at one or more plants of the same company.
Precondition all Grade DA varnish specimens, both flexible
6.3 Changes involved solely with percent nonvolatile con-
and rigid, in air at room temperature for seven days prior to
tent or compatible solvent system, do not require requalifica-
carrying out dielectric strength and bond strength tests shown
tion, if agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
in Table 1.
6.4 If any formula or process changes are desired after
qualification approval has been granted, conduct the tests in
7. Safe
...

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4.1 Control—The following tests are useful for control purposes during the manufacture and use of varnishes, and for determining the uniformity of batches:  
4.1.1 Specific gravity,  
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1.1 These test methods cover tests for solvent containing varnishes primarily intended to provide electrical, mechanical, and chemical protection for electrical equipment. These test methods include tests for control and performance as follows:    
Procedure  
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1.2 Where the entire test method is included in this standard, the precision and bias are not known unless given in the stated method.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 5.
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4.1 Gel time is important in determining batch uniformity and some processing characteristics. It is indicative of pot life and shelf life.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gel time of a solventless varnish mixed with a catalyst, if required, and exposed to elevated temperature. There are two methods presented here. New equipment for Method A is no longer available.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the effect of exposure to elevated temperatures on the bond strength of combinations of magnet wire insulations and electrical insulating varnishes. The results are used as a guide for the comparison and selection of varnishes and combinations of varnishes and magnet wire insulation for specific applications. Test Methods D1932 and D3251 describe additional tests for determining the thermal endurance of insulating varnishes. A comprehensive evaluation of thermal characteristics includes a comparison of the thermal endurance determined in these different ways.  
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ASTM D3955-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Electrical Insulating Varnishes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the tests and values for electrical insulating varnishes, as supplied, which are suitable for the impregnation and treatment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process. The varnishes are classified according to grades: Grade DA; Grade DO; Grade DM; Grade DS; Grade DW; and Grade DT. This specification covers both flexible and rigid, solvent and solventless insulating varnishes. The insulating varnishes are classified according to thermal classes: Class 130; Class 155; Class 180; Class 200; and Class 220. Quality conformance tests shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the tests and values for electrical insulating varnishes, as supplied, which are suitable for the impregnation and treatment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process.  
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5.1 A major factor affecting the long term performance of insulating materials is thermal degradation. It is possible that factors, such as moisture and vibration, will cause failures after the material has been weakened by thermal degradation.  
5.2 An electrical insulating varnish is effective in protecting electrical equipment only as long as it retains its physical and electrical integrity.  
5.3 The thermal degradation of the varnish results in weight loss, porosity, crazing, and generally a reduction in flexibility. Degradation of the varnish can be detected by a decrease in dielectric strength, which is therefore used as the failure criterion for this test method.  
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5.1 Different combinations of varnishes and film-insulated magnet wire behave differently when exposed to elevated temperatures. This includes different varnishes tested with the same film-insulated magnet wire and a single varnish tested with different film-insulated magnet wire.  
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4.1 The amount and composition of by-products produced by exposure of insulating varnishes to elevated temperatures can possibly:  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percent weight loss of cured solventless electrical varnishes when exposed to elevated temperatures for prescribed periods of time.  
1.2 Results of this test method are based on 6-mm (1/4-in.) thick specimens and will not be applicable to specimens appreciably thinner or thicker than 6 mm.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method determines the volatile organic content of an electrical insulating varnish. It utilizes a procedure where dishes containing a known amount of varnish are baked and the amount of volatile organic compound is measured. Calculations are performed to express this in g/L or lb/gal. This test method is applicable to all types of varnishes. However, waterborne varnishes while baked under the same conditions need to have water content determined and calculations performed in accordance with Practice D3960.  
4.1.1 During the cure of electrical insulating varnishes some organic material is volatilized. A determination of the amount that is volatilized is useful for estimating the amount of cured varnish on electrical units and volatile organic emissions from a manufacturing facility.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of volatile organic compounds emitted during cure of electrical insulating varnishes.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for specific precautions.  
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