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ASTM D7870/D7870M-13

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure

Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice provides an accelerated conditioning method under cyclic loading. This system is capable of operating at higher than normal temperatures and creating pore pressure within a compacted asphalt mixture to achieve an acceleration of the effects that a mixture would experience over time from traffic at normal temperatures and conditions. The accelerated conditioning in this practice is intended to simulate the stresses induced in a wet pavement by a passing vehicle tire. The pulse shape produced by this system approximates a Lorentzian function with a half peak width of approximately 1 s at 276 kPa [40 psi].  
3.2 The factors that influence the potential for moisture damage to occur include aggregate mineralogy, mixture air voids, water, cyclic applied stress, and elevated temperature. This practice provides a method and apparatus that is capable of producing three of these factors: water, stress, and high temperature. Aggregate mineralogy and air voids are mixture properties.  
3.3 Specimens conditioned by this system can be tested using a variety of different tests including, Test Method D6931, Test Method D6927, bulk specific gravity difference obtained by Test Methods D6926 or D6752 for before and after conditioning, dynamic modulus, flow number, AASHTO TP 79 and visual inspection for stripped aggregates.Note 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Practice D3666 or some similar acceptance guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of t...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice includes procedures for preparing compacted asphalt mixture specimens, exposing the specimens to hydrostatic pore pressure inside an enclosed chamber and guidance on testing the specimens for the effect of water on the tensile strength or change in other properties of the asphalt mixture, such as density, modulus, etc.  
1.2 Specimens conditioned according to this practice can be tested using methods and test procedures referenced in this document and those results may provide information as to the effect of the moisture conditioning of this practice on the moisture sensitivity of those mixtures.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2013
ICS
75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.22 - Effect of Water and Other Elements on Asphalt Coated Aggregates
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D7870/D7870M-20 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
Effective Date
01-May-2020

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ASTM D7870/D7870M-13 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore PressureASTM D7870/D7870M-13 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
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ASTM D7870/D7870M-13 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7870/D7870M − 13
Standard Practice for
Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture
1
Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7870/D7870M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Specimens by Means of California Kneading Compactor
D2726 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
1.1 This practice includes procedures for preparing com-
of Non-Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
pacted asphalt mixture specimens, exposing the specimens to
D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-
hydrostatic pore pressure inside an enclosed chamber and
terials
guidance on testing the specimens for the effect of water on the
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
tensile strength or change in other properties of the asphalt
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
mixture, such as density, modulus, etc.
D4013 Practice for Preparation of Test Specimens of Bitu-
1.2 Specimens conditioned according to this practice can be
minous Mixtures by Means of Gyratory Shear Compactor
3
tested using methods and test procedures referenced in this
(Withdrawn 2013)
document and those results may provide information as to the
D4867 Test Method for Effect of Moisture on Asphalt
effect of the moisture conditioning of this practice on the
Concrete Paving Mixtures
moisture sensitivity of those mixtures.
D5361 Practice for Sampling Compacted Bituminous Mix-
tures for Laboratory Testing
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes D6752 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Automatic
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard. Vacuum Sealing Method
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
the Relative Density ofAsphalt Mix Specimens by Means
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
D6926 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Specimens
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Using Marshall Apparatus
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
D6927 Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of
with the standard.
Asphalt Mixtures
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D6931 Test Method for Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Bituminous Mixtures
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4
2.2 AASHTO Standards:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
AASHTO TP 79 Standard Method of Test for Determining
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the Dynamic Modulus and Flow Number for Hot Mix
Asphalt (HMA) Using the Asphalt Mixture Performance
2. Referenced Documents
Tester (AMPT)
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures 3. Significance and Use
D1561 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Mixture Test
3.1 This practice provides an accelerated conditioning
method under cyclic loading. This system is capable of
operating at higher than normal temperatures and creating pore
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
pressure within a compacted asphalt mixture to achieve an
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.22 on
Effect of Water and Other Elements on Bituminous Coated Aggregates.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published June 2013. DOI: 10.1520/
3
D7870_D7870M-13 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.astm.org.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
the ASTM website. http://www.transportation.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7870/D7870M − 13
similar acceptance guideline provides a means of evaluating and control-
accelerationoftheeffectsthatamixturewouldexperienc
...

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ASTM D6752/D6752M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method

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4.1 The results obtained from this method can be used to determine the unit weight of compacted asphalt mixtures, and in conjunction with Test Method D3203/D3203M, to obtain percent air voids. These values in turn may be used in determining the relative degree of compaction.  
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4.3 This method can be used for 100 mm [4 in.] and 150 mm [6 in.] diameter cylindrical as well as cubical asphalt mixture specimens to correct for inconsistencies in sample weight determinations resulting from drainage of water from samples and inaccuracy in saturated surface dry weight of absorptive coarse and open-graded mixes. Asphalt mixes such as stone matrix asphalt (SMA), porous friction course, and coarse-graded mixes with significant surface texture and interconnected voids can be tested with this method. Follow manufacturer recommendation for appropriate bag sizes to be utilized with cubical and abnormally shaped samples.4
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of bulk specific gravity of compacted asphalt mixtures by the vacuum sealing method.  
1.2 This method can be used for compacted cylindrical and cubical laboratory and field asphalt mixture specimens.  
1.3 The bulk specific gravity of the compacted asphalt mixtures may be used in calculating the unit weight of the mixture.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
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ASTM D5361/D5361M-16(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Compacted Asphalt Mixtures for Laboratory Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Samples obtained in accordance with the procedure given in this practice may be used to measure many different properties of a compacted asphalt pavement including, but not limited to: pavement thickness, density, resilient or dynamic modulus, tensile strength, Marshall or Hveem stability, or for extraction testing, to determine asphalt content, asphalt properties, and mix gradation.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
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1.1 This practice describes a procedure for removal of a sample of compacted asphalt mixture from a pavement for laboratory testing.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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ASTM D6627/D6627M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of a Volatile Distillate Fraction of Cold Asphalt Mixtures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is used for determining the amount of a temperature-specific volatile distillate fraction in cold mix asphalt mixtures.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination, by direct measurement, of the ambient to 260 °C [500 °F] volatile distillate fraction of cold mix asphalt mixtures.  
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ASTM D7552-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Complex Shear Modulus (G*) of Asphalt Mixtures Using Dynamic Shear Rheometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The complex shear modulus of asphalt mixtures is a fundamental property of the material. Test results at critical temperatures (Tcritical) are used for specifications for some mixes. Mixtures with stiffer binders, aged mixes, mixtures with higher amounts of fines (material finer than 75 µ), and mixtures with lower voids all tend to have higher complex shear modulus values than mixtures with less stiff binders, unaged mixes, mixtures with low levels of fines, and higher air voids. In general, mixtures with higher complex shear modulus values at a given service temperature will exhibit lower permanent deformation values than similar mixtures tested at the same temperature that have lower complex shear modulus values.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the complex shear modulus of asphalt mixtures using torsion rectangular geometry on a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). It is applicable to asphalt mixtures having complex shear modulus values greater than 1 × 104 Pa when tested over a range of temperatures from –40 °C to 76 °C at frequencies of 0.01 to 25 Hz and strains of 0.0005 % to 0.1 %. The determination of complex shear modulus is typically determined at 20 °C to 70 °C at 0.01 % strain at ten discrete frequency values covering 0.01 to 10 Hz. From these data, temperature or frequency master curves can be generated as required. This test method is intended for determining the complex shear modulus of asphalt mixtures as required for specification testing or quality control of asphalt mixture production.  
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5.1 This practice is designed to simulate the in-service oxidative aging that occurs in asphalt binders during pavement service. Residue from this conditioning practice may be used to estimate the physical or chemical properties of asphalt binders after several years of in-service aging in the field.  
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SCOPE
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3.1 This test method is used in the laboratory mix design of bituminous mixtures. Specimens are prepared in accordance with the method and tested for maximum load and flow. Density and voids properties may also be determined on specimens prepared in accordance with the method. The testing section of this method can also be used to obtain maximum load and flow for bituminous paving specimens cored from pavements or prepared by other methods. These results may differ from values obtained on specimens prepared by this test method.
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the resistance to plastic flow of cylindrical specimens of bituminous paving mixture loaded on the lateral surface by means of the Marshall apparatus. This test method is for use with mixtures containing asphalt cement and aggregate up to 11/2 in. (37.5 mm) nominal maximum size.  
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3.1 This test method is useful in confirming that a material has been added to the asphalt to provide a significant elastomeric characteristic. It does not necessarily identify the type or amount of material added.
Note 1: The quality of results produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guidance provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method assesses the elastic recovery of an asphalt material measured by the recoverable strain determined after severing an elongated briquet specimen of the material of the form described in 4.1. The specimens are pulled to a specified distance at a specified speed and at a specified temperature. Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be made at a temperature of 25 ± 0.5 °C [77 ± 0.9 °F] and with a speed of 5 cm/min ± 5 %.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/index.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury-containing products in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D1754/D1754M-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphaltic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method indicates approximate change in properties of asphalt during conventional hot-mixing at about 150 °C [302 °F] as indicated by viscosity, penetration, or ductility measurements. It yields a residue which approximates the asphalt condition as incorporated in the pavement. If the mixing temperature differs appreciably from the 150 °C [302 °F] level, more or less effect on properties will occur.
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SCOPE
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1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7870/D7870M-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides an accelerated conditioning method under cyclic loading. This system is capable of operating at higher than normal temperatures and creating pore pressure within a compacted asphalt mixture to achieve an acceleration of the effects that a mixture would experience over time from traffic at normal temperatures and conditions. The accelerated conditioning in this practice is intended to simulate the stresses induced in a wet pavement by a passing vehicle tire. The pulse shape produced by this system approximates a Lorentzian function with a half peak width of approximately 1 s at 276 kPa [40 psi].  
4.2 The factors that influence the potential for moisture damage to occur include aggregate mineralogy, mixture air voids, water, cyclic applied stress, and elevated temperature. This practice provides a method and apparatus that is capable of producing three of these factors: water, stress, and high temperature. Aggregate mineralogy and air voids are mixture properties.  
4.3 Specimens conditioned by this system can be tested using a variety of different tests, including Test Method D6931, Test Method D6927, bulk specific gravity difference obtained by Test Method D6926 or D6752/D6752M for before and after conditioning, dynamic modulus, flow number, AASHTO T 378, and visual inspection for stripped aggregates.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptance guideline provides a means of evaluating ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice includes procedures for preparing compacted asphalt mixture specimens, exposing the specimens to hydrostatic pore pressure inside an enclosed chamber, and guidance on testing the specimens for the effect of water on the tensile strength or change in other properties of the asphalt mixture, such as density, modulus, etc.  
1.2 Specimens conditioned according to this practice can be tested using methods and test procedures referenced in this document, and those results may provide information as to the effect of the moisture conditioning of this practice on the moisture sensitivity of those mixtures.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D7173-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Separation Tendency of Polymer from Polymer-Modified Asphalt

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purchasers of polymer-modified asphalt need guidelines on proper storage and handling procedures to maintain the integrity of material they have purchased. This practice provides a significant tool for understanding the characteristics of these materials as well as comparing various sources of supply.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a laboratory procedure for determining the tendency of polymer to separate from polymer-modified asphalt under static heated storage conditions. The results of testing on material prepared according to this practice may be used as a guideline when formulating products or to establish field handling procedures. Large differences in test results between top and bottom specimens indicate that there is a degree of incompatibility between the polymer and the base asphalt.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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