ASTM C120/C120M-15a
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Flexure Testing of Structural and Roofing Slate
Standard Test Methods for Flexure Testing of Structural and Roofing Slate
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods are useful in indicating the differences in flexure (breaking load, modulus of rupture) between various slates. These test methods also provide one element in the comparison of roofing slates under Specification C406 and structural slates under Specification C629.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the breaking load of roofing slate and modulus of rupture of structural slate by use of simple three-point loading.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C120/C120M −15a
Standard Test Methods for
1
Flexure Testing of Structural and Roofing Slate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C120/C120M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Breaking load test results of roofing slate under this test method are only valid for the commercial
supplyofslatesofthatthicknessorgreater.Forthecommercialsupplyofthinnerroofingslates,testing
on samples of the minimum specified thickness must be conducted.
When comparing roofing slates of equal thickness, but from various sources, slates which meet the
required breaking load at the lowest specimen thickness will yield the best performance on the roof
in terms of resistance to impact damage.
The reliability of the data produced under this test method is largely influenced by the care and
protocol used in obtaining and preparing the test specimens.
1. Scope E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
Ventilation Ovens
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the breaking
load of roofing slate and modulus of rupture of structural slate
3. Terminology
by use of simple three-point loading.
3.1 Definitions—All definitions are in accordance with Ter-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
minology C119.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
4. Summary of Test Method
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
4.1 Prepared and conditioned test specimens are placed on
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
two support blocks in a test stand and loaded vertically at their
with the standard.
center point by a third block.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 These test methods are useful in indicating the differ-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ences in flexure (breaking load, modulus of rupture) between
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
various slates. These test methods also provide one element in
the comparison of roofing slates under Specification C406 and
2. Referenced Documents
structural slates under Specification C629.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
6. Apparatus
C406 Specification for Roofing Slate
6.1 Ventilated Oven—Conformingtotherequirementsofthe
C629 Specification for Slate Dimension Stone
applicable sections of Specification E145, and capable of
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
maintaining a temperature of 140 6 4°F (60 6 2°C) and large
enough to accommodate the test specimens.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on
6.2 Testing Machine—(see Fig. 1), conforming to the re-
Dimension Stone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test
quirements of the applicable sections of Practices E4. The
Methods.
three-point loading method shall be used in conducting flexure
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2015. Published January 2016. Originally
tests employing support and loading blocks that will ensure
approvedin1925.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2015asC120/C120M-15.DOI:
10.1520/C0120_C0120M-15A.
that forces applied to the beam sill be vertical only and applied
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
without eccentricity. The apparatus should be capable of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
maintaining the span length and distances between the loading
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. block and support blocks within 60.05 in. (61 mm). The load
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C120/C120M−15a
FIG. 1Specimens and Preferred Type of Loading Application and Support Blocks for Determining the Breaking Load and Modulus of
Rupture of Slate
should be capable of being applied at a uniform rate and in drop, continue to dry the specimens until there are three
such a manner as to avoid shock. The accuracy of the testing successive hourly readings with the same weight.After remov-
machine shall be within 1 % for the range from 10 to 1000 lbf ing the specimens from the oven, cool them to room tempera-
[50 to 5000 N] and capable of being read to the nearest 5 lbf ture in
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C120/C120M − 15 C120/C120M − 15a
Standard Test Methods of for
Flexure Testing of Slate (Breaking Load, Modulus of
1
Rupture, Modulus of Elasticity)Structural and Roofing Slate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C120/C120M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Due to the unique properties of slate, the flexure test is better adapted to use for strength and
elasticity determinations than either compression or tension tests. Furthermore, several uses of slates
are such that these determinations are of special interest and value, besides furnishing comparative
data.
The property of slate termed “grain” causes a slab of the material to break transversely in one
direction somewhat more readily than at right angles to this direction. For this reason it is desirable
to test the strength and elasticity both parallel and perpendicular to the grain.
Breaking load test results for samples of roofing slate under this test method are only valid for the
commercial supply of slates of that thickness or greater. For the commercial supply of thinner
roofingsroofing slates, testing on samples of the minimum specified thickness must be conducted.
When comparing roofing slates of equal thickness, but from various sources, slates which meet the
required breaking load at the lowest specimen thickness will yield the best performance on the roof
in terms of resistance to impact damage.
The reliability of the data produced under this test method is largely influenced by the care and
protocol used in obtaining and preparing the test specimens.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the breaking load, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of slate by means
of flexure tests.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
C1799 Guide to Dimension Stone Test Specimen Sampling and Preparation
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—All definitions are in accordance with Terminology C119.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015Nov. 15, 2015. Published November 2015January 2016. Originally approved in 1925. Last previous edition approved in 20122015
as C120/C120M-12.-15. DOI: 10.1520/C0120_C0120M-15.10.1520/C0120_C0120M-15A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C120/C120M − 15a
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These test methods are useful in indicating the differences in flexure (breaking load, modulus of rupture, modulus of
elasticity) between various slates. These test methods also provide one element in the comparison of slates.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Testing Machine—The accuracy of the testing machine shall be within 1 % for the range from 10 to 1000 lbf [50 to 5000
N].
5.2 Load Application and Support Blocks—The supports for the specimen shall be of the rocker type (Fig. 1) with the edges
at least as long as the width of the specimen. The load application block may be of either the rocker or rigid type. The portions
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of the load application and support blocks contacting the stone shall be rounded, with a nominal radius of ⁄2 in. [13 mm].
6. Sampling
6.1 Select the sample to represent a true average of the type or grade of stone under co
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