ASTM E2199-08

Standard Specification for <span class="italic">Encarsia formosa</span> Gahan (<span class="italic">Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</span>)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers information on and the test method for determining the purity and number of adults released in shipments of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Order Hymenoptera; Family Aphelinidae), parasite of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood. Because the efficacy of the biological control of greenhouse whitefly by E. formosa depends on accurate release numbers of adult species, accurate packaging and maintenance of purity and viability of E. formosa shipments is, therefore, essential for the effective management of the target pests. This specification is intended for use by the producers and end-users of the specified biological control agent.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This method was developed to determine that the numbers of E. formosa supplied in a shipment meet the package claim and that wasps at receipt have good flight capability. The application of this method will ensure a standardized evaluation of the product and judicious decisions about product compliance to the package claim.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes a method for determining whether the quantity of quality of adult Encarsia formosa in a shipment adhere to quantity and quality specifications. The test also allows the purity of shipments to be determined. Included are referenced documents, a description of standard terminology, specifications, and the test method.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2008
• ICS: 07.100.01 - Microbiology in general
• Technical Committee: E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E2199-02 - Standard Specification for <i>Encarsia formosa</i> Gahan (<i>Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</i>)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM E2199-08e1 - Standard Specification for <span class="italic">Encarsia formosa</span> Gahan (<span class="italic">Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</span>) (Withdrawn 2017)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 2199 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.2 preferred host and prey—Greenhouse Whitefly, Tri-
aleurodes vaporariorum (Westwood).
1.1 This specification describes a method for determining
3.2.3 life stage when shipped—pupa within the host insect,
whether the quantity of quality of adult Encarsia formosa in a
T. vaporariorum.
shipment adhere to quantity and quality specifications.The test
also allows the purity of shipments to be determined. Included
4. Classification
are referenced documents, a description of standard terminol-
4.1 Phylum—Arthropoda.
ogy, specifications, and the test method.
4.2 Class—Insecta.
2. Referenced Documents 4.3 Order—Hymenoptera.
2
4.4 Family—Aphelinidae.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.5 Genus—Encarsia.
E 2200 Specification for Information Included with Pack-
4.6 Species—formosa.
aging of Multi-Cellular Biological Control Organisms
5. Quantity and Quality Specification
3. Terminology
5.1 The test described in this specification is used for both
3.1 Definitions:
the quantity and quality assessment. To meet the quantity and
3.1.1 critical value—a number that the test statistic is
quality specification defined by the “package claim,” 100 % of
compared to in order to determine whether the quantity and
thenumberofadultsshouldbecapableofflightasmeasuredby
quality requirement has been met. Critical values depend on
the flight test described herein.
the probability of error that can be tolerated and on the number
of samples used in the test.
6. Purity
3.1.2 card—asampleunit;pupaeofE.formosaaremounted
6.1 The purity specification is that shipments, and hence
on cardstock strips that are subdivided into cards.
samples, do not contain species other than E. formosa.
3.1.3 package claim—the number of adults expected to
emerge from and leave each card.
TEST METHOD—Determining the Number and Flight
3.1.4 test statistic—the average number of wasps caught
Capability of E. formosa Adults in a Shipment, and
during the flight test expressed as a percentage of the package
Assessment of Shipment Purity
claim.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
7. Scope
3.2.1 name of product—Encarsia formosa Gahan.
7.1 The test describes methods for determining whether the
number of adult E. formosa that are capable of flight meets or
exceeds the package claim.Amethod of assessing the purity of
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
a shipment is included.
Pesticides and Alternative Control Agents and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E35.30 on Natural Multi-Cellular (Metazoan) Biological Control
8. Summary of Test Method
Organisms.
8.1 The quantity of E. formosa per card and their flight
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 2199 – 02.
ability is determined by counting the number of wasps caught
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
onastickytrapsuspendedinatestchamber.Threeormoretest
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
chambers are used per shipment, each chamber contains one
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. randomly chosen card with E. formosa pupae. The numbers of
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E2199–08
wasps caught on each sticky card are counted and results are 15. Counting Procedure and Assessment of Purity
used to calculate the average number of wasps per card. This
15.1 After 2 weeks, count the number of wasps caught on
average is used in combination with the known sampling
the sticky trap and calculate the average for all chambers used.
distribution and variation in counts to judge whether specifi-
Express the average as a percentage of the number expected
cations are met. Live contaminants are identified and recorded.
(the package claim) from the card. This value is called the test
statistic. See example in Table 1.
9. Significance and Use
9.1 This method was developed to determine that the
TABLE 1 Example: Test Statistic = 90
numbers of E. formosa supplied in a shipment meet the
NOTE—Example based on three random samples and an expectation of
package claim and that wasps at receipt have good flight
60 wasps per card (the
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2199–02 Designation: E 2199 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Encarsia formosa Gahan ( Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This specification covers information on and the test method for determining the purity and number of adults released in
shipments of Encarsia formosa, parasite of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood.
1.1 This specification describes a method for determining whether the quantity of quality of adult Encarsia formosa in a
shipment adhere to quantity and quality specifications. The test also allows the purity of shipments to be determined. Included are
referenced documents, a description of standard terminology, specifications, and the test method.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 2200 Specification for Information Included Withwith Packaging of Multi-cCellular Biological Control Organisms
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 life stage when shipped—immature. critical value—a number that the test statistic is compared to in order to determine
whether the quantity and quality requirement has been met. Critical values depend on the probability of error that can be tolerated
and on the number of samples used in the test.
3.1.2 card—a sample unit; pupae of E. formosa are mounted on cardstock strips that are subdivided into cards.
3.1.3 package claim—the number of adults expected to emerge from and leave each card.
3.1.4 test statistic—the average number of wasps caught during the flight test expressed as a percentage of the package claim.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 name of product—Encarsia formosa Gahan
3.1.3preferred host prey—greenhouse whitefly, Gahan.
3.2.2 preferred host and prey—Greenhouse Whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Westwood).
3.2.3 life stage when shipped—pupa within the host insect, T. vaporariorum.
4. Classification
4.1 Phylum—Arthropoda.
4.2 Class—Insecta.
4.3 Order—Hymenoptera.
4.4 Family—Aphelinidae.
4.5 Genus—Encarsia. —Encarsia.
4.6 Species—formosa.
TEST METHOD—Determining the Purity and Number of Adults Released in Shipments of E. formosa on Cards
—formosa.
5. Summary of Test Method
5.1This test method describes a method of counting the number of E. formosa released from cards.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides and Alternative Control Agents and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
E35.30 on Natural Multi-Cellular (Metazoan) Biological Control Organisms.
Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published July 2002.
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 2199 – 02.
2
Steinberg, S., and Dale, J., “Designing and Implementing Quality Control of Beneficials Insects: Towards More Reliable Biological Pest Control,” Sting, Newsletter on
Biological Control in Greenhouses, No. 18, July 1998, pp. 18-19.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E2199–08
5.2The number of E. formosa adults released from parasitized whitefly scales attached to cards will be determined by examining
a minimum of 1000 parasitized scales and estimating total number of live E. formosa and 95% Confidence Limits (C.L.) per
shipment. In each container, live contaminants will be identified and recorded. Quantity and Quality Specification
5.1 The test described in this specification is used for both the quantity and quality assessment.To meet the quantity and quality
specification defined by the “package claim,” 100 % of the number of adults should be capable of flight as measured by the flight
test described herein.
6. Significance and Use
6.1The biological control of greenhouse whitefly by Purity
6.1 The purity specification is that shipments, and hence samples, do not contain species o
...