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ASTM D4941-06(2010)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste Paints

Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste Paints

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Quality standards for artists' paints require the evaluation of various appearance characteristics of paint films. Tinting strength determination (Test Method D4838) specifically requires the preparation of drawdowns for colorimetric measurement. Other evaluations such as color designation, transparency, gloss, and color difference measurements also require drawdown samples.
Artists' tube paints have a paste consistency that makes the use of traditional film application methods difficult, especially for drying oil paints.
Artists' paints vary in two properties important to the preparation of films, that is, transparency and drying time. Colorimetric determination and some other types of evaluation require paint specimens that completely hide the substrate. Very transparent paints require such a thick film to produce complete hiding that drying times is excessively long or the specimen surface is blemished. When complete hiding is necessary, this practice is designed to provide opaque films without these defects through application of a series of thin films.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the production of uniform films of artists' tube paints and other nonflowing pigmented paints using paint applicators designed for less viscous paints.
1.2 Information on how to achieve opaque specimens from these paints is included.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2010
ICS
87.060.30 - Solvents
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.57 - Artist Paints and Related Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4941-06 - Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste Paints
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010
Referred By
ASTM D5098-16(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists' Acrylic Dispersion Paints
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010
Referred By
ASTM D4302-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists’ Oil, Resin-Oil, and Alkyd Paints
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010

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ASTM D4941-06(2010) - Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste PaintsASTM D4941-06(2010) - Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste Paints
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ASTM D4941-06(2010) - Standard Practice for Preparing Drawdowns of Artists' Paste Paints
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4941 − 06(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Practice for
Preparing Drawdowns of Artists’ Paste Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4941; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.2 drawdown bar, n—a metal applicator with a specified
gap designed to deposit a wet paint film uniformly on a
1.1 This practice covers the production of uniform films of
specified test panel (for example, an opacity chart) or other
artists’ tube paints and other nonflowing pigmented paints
substrate.
using paint applicators designed for less viscous paints.
1.2 Information on how to achieve opaque specimens from
4. Summary of Practice
these paints is included.
4.1 The paint is spread over the area of the test panel to be
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
covered by the drawdown and the bar is pulled down with
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
pressure just sufficient to avoid lifting of the bar from the chart
only.
surface.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 Test panels are allowed to dry in a dust-free environ-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ment.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3 If complete hiding (opacity) is needed and not produced
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
by a single paint film, a second film is applied at a 90° angle to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the first. If required, additional layers may be applied using a
narrower drawdown bar.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D16 TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
5.1 Quality standards for artists’ paints require the evalua-
Applications
tion of various appearance characteristics of paint films.
D4838 Test Method for Determining the Relative Tinting
Tinting strength determination (Test Method D4838) specifi-
Strength of Chromatic Paints
cally requires the preparation of drawdowns for colorimetric
E1164 PracticeforObtainingSpectrometricDataforObject-
measurement. Other evaluations such as color designation,
Color Evaluation
transparency, gloss, and color difference measurements also
require drawdown samples.
3. Terminology
5.2 Artists’tube paints have a paste consistency that makes
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D16 for definitions of
the use of traditional film application methods difficult, espe-
terms used in this practice.
cially for drying oil paints.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.3 Artists’ paints vary in two properties important to the
3.2.1 drawdown, n—alayerofpaintdepositedonasubstrate
preparation of films, that is, transparency and drying time.
by use of a drawdown bar for the evaluation of paint charac-
Colorimetric determination and some other types of evaluation
teristics.
require paint specimens that completely hide the substrate.
Very transparent paints require such a thick film to produce
complete hiding that drying times is excessively long or the
specimen surface is blemished. When complete hiding is
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of necessary, this practice is designed to provide opaque films
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.
without these defects through application of a series of thin
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally
films.
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4941 – 06. DOI:
10.1520/D4941-06R10.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Apparatus
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Drawdown Bars, two, of different widths with a clear-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ance of 0.152 mm (0.006 in.). Recommended widths are 7.6
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
...

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1.1 This test method is for the determination of acetone, methyl acetate, or parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF), or combination of any of the three, in paints and coatings, by solid phase microextraction (SPME) headspace sampling, and subsequent injection into a gas chromatograph. It has been evaluated for cellulose nitrate, acrylic, and urethane solvent-borne systems. The established working range of this test method is: acetone, 28 to 90 %; methyl acetate, 12 to 22 %; parachlorobenzotrifluoride, 10 to 17 %. There is no reason to believe that it will not work outside these ranges. A minor modification of this test method would make it suitable for the analysis of the same analytes in water-borne coatings (see Note 1).
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