ASTM D2213-00(2016)

Standard Test Method for Compressibility of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Compressibility is considered an important factor that influences wear resistance of sole leather.3 ,4
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressibility of sole leather. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2016
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.01 - Vegetable Leather

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2213 − 00 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
1
Compressibility of Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope ing thicknesses before and after compression, represents the
compressibility of the sample.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com-
pressibility of sole leather. This test method does not apply to
5. Significance and Use
wet blue.
5.1 Compressibility is considered an important factor that
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3,4
influences wear resistance of sole leather.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
for information only.
6. Apparatus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5
6.1 Press, either hand- or power-driven, having a capacity
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of at least 15 000 lbf (67 kN) permitting a pressure of 3000 6
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
100 psi (21 6 1 MPa). The rate of increase shall not exceed
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/s). The press shall contain two flat steel
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
plates and an indicator for reading the applied force.Asuitable
testing machine may also be used.
2. Referenced Documents
6.2 Stop Watch, or other suitable timing device.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Prod-
7. Test Specimen
ucts for Testing
1
7.1 The specimen shall be a square of leather 2 by 2 6 ⁄32
D1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather
in. (51 by 51 6 0.8 mm) cut by a die.
Test Specimens
8. Procedure
3. Terminology
8.1 Condition the specimens in accordance with Practice
3.1 Definitions:
D1610.
3.1.1 compressibility—the percentage change in thickness
8.2 Measure the initial thickness of the specimen at the
of a specimen on being subjected to a specified pressure for a
middle of each side approximately 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) from the
period of time.
edgeinaccordancewithMethodD1813averagedandrecorded
as T .
4. Summary of Test Method 1
8.3 Place the specimen between the flat steel plates and
4.1 A load of 12 000 lbf (53 kN) or 3000 psi (21 MPa) is
2 2
apply pressure at a rate not greater than 200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/s)
applied to a leather specimen 2 by 2-in. (51 by 51-mm ). The
until the required 3000 6 100 psi (21 6 1 MPa) is reached.
percentage change in initial thickness, determined by measur-
NOTE 1—The operator shall take care to apply the force uniformly and
perpendicular to the leather surfaces.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.01 on Vegetable Leather. This
3
test method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Hobbs, R. B., and Kronstadt, R.A., Journal,Am. Leather Chemists’Assn., Vol
Assn. (Standard Method E45 – 1953). 40, 1945, p. 12.
4
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published September 2016. Originally Booth, W. E., Journal, Society of Leather Trades’ Chemists, Vol 43, 1959, p.
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2213 – 00 (2010). 349.
5
DOI: 10.1520/D2213-00R16. Thesolesourceofsupplyofthehandpressknowntothecommitteeatthistime
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or is Fred S. Carver Co., Summit, NJ. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive
1
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which
the ASTM website. you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2213 − 00 (2016)
8.4 Maintain the load for 3 min, continuously correcting for 10. Report
relaxation or loss in force, and then release.
10.1 The report shall include the following:
10.1.1 Compressibility of each specimen from each test
8.5 Remove the specimen from the apparatus and immedi-
unit, and
ately remeasure in accordance with 8.2. Record the final
10.1.2 Compressibility based on the average of all speci-
thickness as T .
2
mens tested, recorded to the nearest 0.1 %.
9. Calcula
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2213 − 00 (Reapproved 2010) D2213 − 00 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
1
Compressibility of Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressibility of sole leather. This test method does not apply to wet blue.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Products for Testing
D1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather Test Specimens
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 compressibility—the percentage change in thickness of a specimen on being subjected to a specified pressure for a period
of time.
4. Summary of Test Method
2 2
4.1 A load of 12 000 lbf (53 kN) or 3000 psi (21 MPa) is applied to a leather specimen 2 by 2-in. (51 by 51-mm ). The
percentage change in initial thickness, determined by measuring thicknesses before and after compression, represents the
compressibility of the sample.
5. Significance and Use
3,4
5.1 Compressibility is considered an important factor that influences wear resistance of sole leather.
6. Apparatus
5
6.1 Press, Press, either hand- or power-driven, having a capacity of at least 15 000 lbf (67 kN) permitting a pressure of 3000
6 100 psi (21 6 1 MPa). The rate of increase shall not exceed 200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/s). The press shall contain two flat steel plates
and an indicator for reading the applied force. A suitable testing machine may also be used.
6.2 Stop Watch, or other suitable timing device.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.01 on Vegetable Leather. This test
method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn. (Standard Method E45 – 1953).
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2016. Published May 2010September 2016. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D2213 – 00 (2005).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D2213-00R10.10.1520/D2213-00R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Hobbs, R. B., and Kronstadt, R. A., Journal, Am. Leather Chemists’ Assn., Vol 40, 1945, p. 12.
4
Booth, W. E., Journal, Society of Leather Trades’ Chemists, Vol 43, 1959, p. 349.
5
The sole source of supply of the hand press known to the committee at this time is Fred S. Carver Co., Summit, NJ. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please
1
provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may
attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2213 − 00 (2016)
7. Test Specimen
1
7.1 The specimen shall be a square of leather 2 by 2 6 ⁄32 in. (51 by 51 6 0.8 mm) cut by a die.
8. Procedure
8.1 Condition the specimens in accordance with Practice D1610.
8.2 Measure the initial thickness of the specimen at the middle of each side approximately 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) from the edge in
accordance with Method D1813 averaged and recorded as T .
1
8.3 Place the specimen between the flat steel plates and apply pressure at a rate not greater than 200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/ s) MPa/s)
until the required 3000 6 100 psi (21 6 1 MPa) is reached.
NOTE 1—The operator shall take care to apply the force uniformly and perpendicular to the leather surfaces.
8.4 Maintain the load for 3 min, continuously correcting for relaxation or lo
...