ASTM F442/F442M-99(2005)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR)
Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR)
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) pipe made in standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratios and pressure rated for water (see Appendix). Included are criteria for classifying CPVC plastic pipe materials and CPVC plastic pipe, and requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, and extrusion quality. Methods of marking are also given. Note 1The CPVC pipe covered by this specification was covered previously in Specification D 2241.
Note 2
The sustained and burst pressure test requirements and the pressure ratings in the Appendix are calculated from stress values obtained from tests made on pipe 2 in. (50 mm) and smaller. However, tests on larger pipe have shown these stress values to be valid.
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.Note 3
Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious saftey hazards should a system fail for any reason.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in Note 0.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F 442/F 442M – 99 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe
(SDR–PR)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 442/F 442M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chlo-
cation.
ride) (CPVC) pipe made in standard thermoplastic pipe dimen-
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
sion ratios and pressure rated for water (see Appendix).
test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This
Included are criteria for classifying CPVC plastic pipe mate-
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
rials and CPVC plastic pipe, and requirements and test meth-
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
ods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, sustained pres-
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
sure, burst pressure, flattening, and extrusion quality. Methods
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
of marking are also given.
tions prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given
NOTE 1—The CPVC pipe covered by this specification was covered
in Note 5.
previously in Specification D 2241.
NOTE 2—The sustained and burst pressure test requirements and the
2. Referenced Documents
pressureratingsintheAppendixarecalculatedfromstressvaluesobtained
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from tests made on pipe 2 in. (50 mm) and smaller. However, tests on
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
larger pipe have shown these stress values to be valid.
D 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended
Under Constant Internal Pressure
for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which
D 1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydrau-
are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to
lic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
inherent hazards associated with testing components and sys-
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
tems with compressed air or other compressed gases some
Plastics
manufacturersdonotallowpneumatictestingoftheirproducts.
D 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for
Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
(CPVC) Compounds
NOTE 3—Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious saftey
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
hazards should a system fail for any reason.
D 2241 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes,
Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
D 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design
notesandfootnotes(excludingthoseintablesandfigures)shall
Basis forThermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
2.2 Federal Standard:
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
2.3 Military Standard:
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Based Pipe. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally the ASTM website.
published as part of D 2241 – 74. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
F 442 – 99. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 442/F 442M – 99 (2005)
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage 4. Classification
2.4 NSF Standards:
4.1 General—This specification covers CPVC pipe made
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related
from one CPVC plastic pipe material in five standard dimen-
Materials
sion ratios and water pressure ratings for nonthreaded pipe.
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems
4.2 Standard Thermoplastic Pipe Dimension Ratios
Components—Health Effects
(SDR)—This specification covers CPVC pipe in five standard
dimension ratios, namely, 13.5, 17, 21, 26, and 32.5, which are
3. Terminology
uniform for all nominal pipe sizes for each material and
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi- pressure rating. These are referred to as SDR13.5, SDR21,
nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter- SDR17, SDR26, and SDR32.5, respectively. The pressure
minologyD 1600,unlessotherwisespecified.Theabbreviation rating is uniform for all nominal pipe sizes for a given CPVC
for chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastic is CPVC. pipe material and SDR (see Table X1.1).
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 4.3 Hydrostatic Design Stresses—This specification covers
3.2.1 hydrostatic design stress— the estimated maximum
CPVC pipe made from CPVC plastic as defined by hydrostatic
tensile stress the material is capable of withstanding continu- design stresses developed on the basis of long-term tests (see
ously with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe Appendix).
will not occur. This stress is circumferential when internal
hydrostatic water pressure is applied.
5. Materials
3.2.2 pressure rating (PR)—the estimated maximum water
5.1 General—Chlorinatedpoly(vinylchloride)plasticsused
pressure the pipe is capable of withstanding continuously with
to make pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are
ahighdegreeofcertaintythatfailureofthepipewillnotoccur.
categorized by means of two criteria, namely, (1) short-term
3.2.3 relation between standard dimension ratio, hydro-
strength tests, and (2) long-term hydrostatic strength tests at
static design stress, and pressure rating—thefollowingexpres-
both 73 and 180° F [23 and 82° C].
sion, commonly known as the ISO equation, is used in this
5.2 Basic Materials—This specification covers CPVC pipe
specification to relate standard dimension ratio, hydrostatic
made from compounds meeting the requirements of Class
design stress, and pressure rating:
23447 as defined in Specification D 1784. The materials shall
2 S/P 5 R 21or2 S/P5~D /t!21 have an established HDS (Hydrostatic Design Stress) equal to
o
or greater than 2000 psi [13.80 MPa] at 73° F [23° C] and 500
where:
psi[3.45MPa)at180° F[82° C]whenevaluatedinaccordance
S = hydrostatic design stress, psi [MPa],
with Test Method D 2837.
P = pressure rating, psi [kPa],
5.3 Rework Material—The manufacturers shall use only
D = average outside diameter, in. [mm]
o
their own clean rework pipe material and the pipe produced
t = minimum wall thickness, in. [mm], and
shall meet all the requirements of this specification.
R = standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (D /t
o
for CPVC pipe), also known as SDR.
6. Requirements Requirements
3.2.4 standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (SDR)—
the standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (SDR) is the 6.1 Dimension and Tolerances:
ratio of pipe diameter to wall thickness. For CPVC pipe it is 6.1.1 Outside Diameters—The outside diameters and toler-
calculated by dividing the average outside diameter of the pipe ances shall be as shown in Table 1 when measured in
in millimetres or in inches by the minimum wall thickness in accordance with Test Method D 2122. The tolerances on
out-of-roundness shall apply only to pipe prior to shipment.
millimetres or in inches. If the wall thickness calculated by this
formula is less than 0.060 in. [1.52 mm], it shall be arbitrarily 6.1.2 Wall Thickness—The wall thicknesses and tolerances
shall be as shown in Table 2 when measured in accordance
increased to 0.060 in. [1.52 mm]. The SDR values shall be
rounded to the nearest 0.5. with Test Method D 2122.
6.1.3 Wall Thickness Range—Thewallthicknessrangeshall
3.2.5 standard thermoplastic pipe materials designation
code—the pipe materials designation code shall consist of the be within 12 % when measured in accordance with Test
Method D 2122.
abbreviation CPVC for the type of plastic, followed by the
ASTM type and grade inArabic numerals and the design stress 6.2 Sustained Pressure—The pipe shall not fail, balloon,
burst, or weep as defined in Test Method D 1598 at the test
in units of 100 psi [690 kPa] with any decimal figures dropped.
When the design stress code contains less than two figures, a pressures given in Table 3 when tested in accordance with 8.4.
6.2.1 Accelerated Regression Test—At the option of the
cipher shall be used before the number. Thus a complete
material code shall consist of four letters and four figures for manufacturer, the accelerated regression test may be used as a
substitute for both pressure tests—sustained and burst.The test
CPVC plastic pipe materials (see Section 5 and X1.2.1).
shall be conducted in accordance with 8.4.1. The pipe shall
demonstrate a hydrostatic design basis projection at the
100 000-h intercept that meets the hydrostatic design basis
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
category requirement (see Table 1, Test Method D 2837) for
Arbor, MI 48113-0140.
the CPVC material used in its manufacture. If the lower
See ISO R161-1960: Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids
(Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressures) Part 1, Metric Series. confidence value at 100 000 h differs from the extrapolated
F 442/F 442M – 99 (2005)
TABLE 1 Outside Diameters and Tolerances for CPVC Plastic Pipe
Tolerances, in. [mm]
Maximum Out-of-Roundness
Average Outside
(maximum minus minimum diameter)
Nominal Pipe Size Diameter,
in. [mm] SDR32.5 SDR17
SDR26 SDR13.5
For Average SDR21 SDR11
⁄4 [8] 0.540 [13.7] 60.004 [0.10] 0.030 (0.76) 0.016 (0.41)
⁄8 [10] 0.675 [17.1] 60.004 [0.10] 0.030 (0.76) 0.016 (0.41)
⁄2 [15] 0.840 [21.3] 60.004 [0.10] 0.030 (0.76) 0.016 (0.41)
⁄4 [20] 1.050 [26.7] 60.004 [0.10] 0.030 (0.76) 0.020 (0.51)
1 [25] 1.315 [33.4] 60.005 [0.13] 0.030 (0.76) 0.020 (0.51)
1 ⁄4 [32] 1.660 [42.2] 60.005 [0.13] 0.030 (0.76) 0.024 (0.61)
1 ⁄2 [40] 1.900 [48.2] 60.006 [0.15] 0.060 (1.52) 0.024 (0.61)
2 [50] 2.375 [60.3] 60.006 [0.15] 0.060 (1.52) 0.024 (0.61)
2 ⁄2 [65] 2.875 [73.0] 60.007 [0.18] 0.060 (1.52) 0.030 (0.76)
3 [80] 3.500 [88.9] 60.008 [0.20] 0.060 (1.52) 0.030 (0.76)
3 ⁄2 [90] 4.000 [101.6] 60.008 [0.20] 0.100 (2.54) 0.030 (0.76)
4 [100] 4.500 [114.3] 60.009 [0.23] 0.100 (2.54) 0.030 (0.76)
5 [125] 5.563 [141.3] 60.010 [0.25] 0.100 (2.54) 0.060 (1.52)
6 [150] 6.625 [168.3] 60.011 [0.28] 0.100 (2.54) 0.070 (1.78)
8 [200] 8.625 [219.1] 60.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.090 (2.29)
10 [250] 10.750 [273.1] 60.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.100 (2.54)
12 [300] 12.750 [323.9] 60.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.120 (3.05)
LTHS value by more than 15 % of the latter; or M inAppendix the marking in their central sections. The central section is that
X2 (Test Method D 2837) is zero or negative; or b in the
portion of pipe which is at least one pipe diameter away from
equation h = a + bf in Appendix X1 (Test Method D 2837)is
an end closure.
positive, consider the data unsuitable.
8.4 Sustained Pressure Test—Select the test specimens at
6.3 Burst Pressure—The minimum burst pressures for
random. Test individually with water at the internal pressures
CPVC plastic pipe shall be as given in Table 4, when
given in Table 3, six specimens of pipe, each specimen at least
determined in accordance with 8.5.
ten times the nominal diameter in length, but not less than 10
6.4 Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting,
in. [250 mm] or more than 3 ft [1000 mm] between end
cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordance
closures and bearing the permanent marking on the pipe.
with 8.6.
Maintainthespecimensatthepressureindicatedforaperiodof
1000 h. Hold the pressure as closely as possible, but within
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
610 psi [670 kPa]. Condition the specimens at the test
7.1 The pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and free
temperature of 736 3.6°F [23 6 2°C]. Maintain the test
from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other defects.
temperature at 73 6 3.6°F [23 6 2°C].Test in accordance with
The pipe shall be as uniform as commercially practicable in
TestMethodD 1598,exceptmaintainthepressureatthevalues
color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.
giveninTable3for1000h.Failureoftwoofthesixspecimens
NOTE 4—Color and transparency or opacity should be specified in the
tested shall constitute failure in the test. Failure of one of the
contract or purchase order.
six specimens tested is cause for retest of six additional
specimens. Failure of one of the six specimens tested in retest
8. Test Methods
shall constitute failure in the test. Evidence of failure of the
8.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 73.4 6
pipe shall be as defined in Test Method D 1598.
3.6°F [23 6 2°C] and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not less
8.4.1 Accelerated Regression Test—Test in accordance
than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
with procedures in Test Method D 1598, using either free end
Practice D 618 for those tests where conditioning is required.
or restrained end fittings.Aminimum of six specimens shall be
8.2 Test Conditions—Conduct the tests in the standard
tested. Test three specimens at a single pressure that will result
laboratoryatmosphereof73 63.6°F[23 62°C]and50 65%
in failures at or below 0.10 h. Test an additional three
relative humidity, unles
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