ASTM D7177/D7177M-21

Standard Specification for Air Channel Evaluation of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Dual Track Seamed Geomembranes

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a nondestructive evaluation of the strength and continuity of parallel PVC geomembrane seams separated by an unwelded air channel. The unwelded air channel between the two distinct seamed regions is sealed and inflated with air to a predetermined pressure. Long lengths of seam can be evaluated by this specification more quickly than by other common nondestructive tests.  
1.2 This specification can be used as a substitute for destructive testing or used in conjunction with destructive testing.  
1.3 This specification covers PVC sheet 0.760 mm [0.030 in.] and thicker.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2020
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.06 - Geosynthetic Specifications

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7177/D7177M −21
Standard Specification for
Air Channel Evaluation of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Dual
1
Track Seamed Geomembranes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7177/D7177M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers a nondestructive evaluation of
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
the strength and continuity of parallel PVC geomembrane
seams separated by an unwelded air channel. The unwelded air
3. Terminology
channel between the two distinct seamed regions is sealed and
3.1 Definitions:
inflated with air to a predetermined pressure. Long lengths of
3.1.1 dual seam, n—a geomembrane seam with two parallel
seam can be evaluated by this specification more quickly than
welded zones separated by an unwelded air space.
by other common nondestructive tests.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The dual seam itself can be made by a
1.2 This specification can be used as a substitute for
number of methods; hot wedge, hot air, and ultrasonic bonding
destructive testing or used in conjunction with destructive
are all typical techniques.
testing.
3.1.2 geomembrane, n—anessentiallyimpermeablegeosyn-
thetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets.
1.3 This specification covers PVC sheet 0.760 mm
[0.030 in.] and thicker.
3.1.3 seam, n—a permanent joining of two or more materi-
als.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.2 For definitions of other terms, see Terminology D4439.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
4. Summary of Specification
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
4.1 This specification utilizes a dual seam where an air
used independently of the other, and values from the two
channel exists between the two welded zones. Both ends of the
systems shall not be combined.
air channel are sealed and then a pressure gauge is attached to
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the air space. Air pressure is applied and the gauge is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
monitored.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Air pressures used in this specification are related to the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ambient temperature of the PVC geomembrane and can be
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
used for thickness 0.760 mm [0.030 in.] and thicker PVC
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
geomembrane. The air pressure is not dependant on thickness
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of the PVC geomembrane being tested.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.3 The minimum monitoring time is recommended to be
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1
⁄2 min (30 s) following stabilization of the pressure.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The increased use of geomembranes as barrier materials
to restrict liquid or gas movement, and the common use of dual
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosyn-
2
thetic Specifications. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published January 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7177/D7177M – 05 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ɛ1
(2015) . DOI: 10.1520/D7177_D7177M-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7177/D7177M−21
track seams in joining these sheets, has created a need for a the pressure gauge and insertion tool and pressurize the air
standard nondestructive test by which the quality of the seams channel to the pressure appropriate for the PVC geomembrane
can be assessed for continuity, watertightness, and strength. sheet temperature. (Refer to Table 1.)
The test is also intended to provide an indication of t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7177/D7177M − 05 (Reapproved 2015) D7177/D7177M − 21
Standard Specification for
Air Channel Evaluation of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Dual
1
Track Seamed Geomembranes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7177/D7177M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Designation was changed to dual and units information was corrected editorially in June 2015.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers a nondestructive evaluation of the strength and continuity of parallel PVC geomembrane seams
separated by an unwelded air channel. The unwelded air channel between the two distinct seamed regions is sealed and inflated
with air to a predetermined pressure. Long lengths of seam can be evaluated by this specification more quickly than by other
common nondestructive tests.
1.2 This specification can be used as a substitute for destructive testing or used in conjunction with destructive testing.
1.3 This specification covers PVC sheet 0.760 mm [0.030 in.] [0.030 in.] and thicker.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosynthetic
Specifications.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015Jan. 1, 2021. Published June 2015January 2021. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
ɛ1
D7177–05(2010).D7177/D7177M – 05 (2015) . DOI: 10.1520/D7177_D7177M-05R15E01.10.1520/D7177_D7177M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7177/D7177M − 21
3.1.1 dual seam, n—a geomembrane seam with two parallel welded zones separated by an unwelded air space.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
The dual seam itself can be made by a number of methods; hot wedge, hot air, and ultrasonic bonding are all typical techniques.
3.1.2 geomembrane, n—an essentially impermeable geo-syntheticgeosynthetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets.
3.1.3 seam, n—a permanent joining of two or more materials.
3.2 For definitions of other terms, see Terminology D4439.
4. Summary of Specification
4.1 This specification utilizes a dual seam where an air channel exists between the two welded zones. Both ends of the air channel
are sealed and then a pressure gauge is attached to the air space. Air pressure is applied and the gauge is monitored.
4.2 Air pressures used in this specification are related to the ambient temperature of the PVC geomembrane and can be used for
thickness 0.760 mm [0.030 in.] and thicker PVC geomembrane. The air pressure is not dependant on thickness of the PVC
geomembrane being tested.
1
4.3 The minimum monitoring time is recommended to be ⁄2 min min (30 s) following stabilization of the pressure.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The increased use of geomembranes as barrier materials to restrict liquid or gas movement, and the common use of dual track
seams in joining these sheets, has created
...