ASTM E2780-10(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Wood Heaters
Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Wood Heaters
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used for determining emission rates and emission factors for wood heaters.
5.1.1 The emission factor is useful for determining emission performance during product development.
5.1.2 The emission factor is useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining compliance with emission performance limits.
5.1.3 The emission rate may be useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining impacts on air quality from wood heaters.
5.2 The reporting units are grams of particulate per hour, grams of particulate per kilogram of dry fuel and grams of particulate per megajoule of heat output.
5.2.1 Appropriate reporting units for comparing emissions from all types of solid fuel fired appliances: g/kg.
5.2.2 Appropriate reporting units for predicting atmospheric emission impacts: g/h or g/MJ.
5.3 The fuel load specified in this test method is a lumber crib of uniform dimensions, identical to that specified in EPA Method 28. Cribs were specified in EPA Method 28 to provide a reproducible and repeatable test method. In normal operation the majority of fuel used by consumers is cordwood with irregular shapes and dimensions. Very little data exists to indicate whether or not the fuel cribs specified in this standard yield results that are predictive of performance using cordwood fuel. This standard, therefore, includes Annex A1 which provides a fueling procedure using cordwood. It is provided so that those interested in measuring emissions performance with cordwood will have a consistent method to follow. A comparative database using the two fueling procedures will provide data to determine whether test results using crib fuel correlate to test results using cordwood fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from wood fires in wood-burning room heaters and fireplace inserts as well as determining heat output and efficiency.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2780 − 10 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Wood
1
Heaters
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2780; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
4
1. Scope Heating Appliances
5
EPAMethod28CertificationandAuditingofWoodHeaters
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating
protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from
3. Terminology
wood fires in wood-burning room heaters and fireplace inserts
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this test method are defined
as well as determining heat output and efficiency.
in Terminology E631.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.2.1 burn rate, n—therateatwhichtestfuelisconsumedin
only.
awoodheater.Measuredinkilograms(lb)(drybasis)perhour.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 combustion air control, n—an air control device that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
regulates air to the wood heater that is primarily intended
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
promote pyrolysis of the fuel load.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.2.3 Douglas fir, n—untreated, standard, or better grade
Douglasfirlumberwithagencygradestamp:D.FirorDouglas
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Fir.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.4 firebox, n—the chamber in the wood heater in which
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the test fuel charge is placed and combusted.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.5 fuel piece, n—2×4or4×4 wood pieces used to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
construct test fuel cribs and referring to the nominal width and
depthdimensionsforcommonlyavailabledimensionallumber.
2. Referenced Documents
1 1
The actual dimensions are 38 × 89 mm (1 ⁄2×3 ⁄2 in.) and 89
2
1 1
2.1 ASTM Standards: ×89mm(3 ⁄2×3 ⁄2 in.).
E631Terminology of Building Constructions
3.2.6 fuel piece length, n—the length of fuel pieces used to
E2515Test Method for Determination of Particulate Matter
construct the test fuel crib measured in mm (in.).
Emissions Collected by a Dilution Tunnel
3.2.7 firebox height, n—unless otherwise specified in the
2.2 Other Standards:
manufacturer’s written instructions included with the heater,
ANSI/UL-103Standard for Chimneys, Factory-Built, Resi-
firebox height is the vertical distance extending above the
3
dential Type and Building Heating Appliance
loading door, if fuel could reasonably occupy that space, but
CSA B415.1Performance Testing of Solid-Fuel-Burning
not more than 2 inches above the top (peak height) of the
loadingdoor,tothefloorofthefirebox(i.e.,belowapermanent
grate) if the grate allows a 1-inch diameter piece of wood to
1 passthroughthegrate,or,ifnot,tothetopofthegrate.Firebox
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.54 height is not necessarily uniform but must account for varia-
on Solid Fuel Burning Appliances.
tions caused by internal baffles, air channels, or other perma-
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originally
nent obstructions. A visible indicator or landmark within the
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2780–10. DOI:
10.1520/E2780-10R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Toronto, ON M9W 1R3, Canada, http://www.csagroup.org.
5
the ASTM website. AvailablefromUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),William
3
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460,
Northbrook, IL 60062, http://www.ul.com. http://www.epa.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United State
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.