ASTM C1224-15(2020)

Standard Specification for Reflective Insulation for Building Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general requirements and physical properties of reflective insulations for use in building applications. These insulation materials consist of one or more low emittance surfaces, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits, unmounted or mounted on substrates. Reflective insulation materials shall consist of low emittance surface(s) with, or without, substrates and adhesives required to meet the specified thermal performance and physical properties. The physical properties of reflective insulation are presented in details. The emittance, permeance, surface burning characteristics, humidity resistance, fungi resistance, thermal performance of reflective insulation shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements and physical properties of reflective insulations for use in building applications. These insulation materials consist of one or more low emittance surfaces, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits, unmounted or mounted on substrates. Reflective insulations derive thermal performance from surfaces with an emittance of 0.1 or less, facing enclosed air spaces.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2020
• ICS: 91.100.60 - Thermal and sound insulating materials
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.21 - Reflective Insulation

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1224 −15 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Specification for
Reflective Insulation for Building Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C727Practice for Installation and Use of Reflective Insula-
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements and
tion in Building Constructions
physical properties of reflective insulations for use in building
C1258Test Method for ElevatedTemperature and Humidity
applications.These insulation materials consist of one or more
Resistance of Vapor Retarders for Insulation
low emittance surfaces, such as metallic foil or metallic
C1338Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of
deposits, unmounted or mounted on substrates. Reflective
Insulation Materials and Facings
insulations derive thermal performance from surfaces with an
C1363Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building
emittance of 0.1 or less, facing enclosed air spaces.
Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot
1.2 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
Box Apparatus
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
C1371Test Method for Determination of Emittance of
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Materials Near Room Temperature Using Portable Emis-
and are not considered standard.
someters
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E84Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Building Materials
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E96/E96MTest Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Materials
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E2599Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Reflective Insulation, Radiant Barrier and Vinyl Stretch
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Ceiling Materials for Building Applications to Assess
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Surface Burning Characteristics
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2.2 TAPPI Standard:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
T512Creasing of Flexible Packaging Material Paper Speci-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mens for Testing
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions—TerminologyC168shallapplytotheterms
C168Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
in this specification.
C177Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
4. Ordering Information
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C390Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
4.1 Prior to purchase, for sampling and acceptance
Insulation Lots
procedures, Practice C390 is an option when agreed upon by
C518Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
the purchaser and the manufacturer.
4.2 Specify the required thermal resistance by the direction
1 of the heat flow.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.21 on
4.3 Specify the width, depth, and total area to be insulated.
Reflective Insulation.
Current edition approved March 1, 2020. Published March 2020. Originally
4.4 Specify special markings, when required.
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1224–15. DOI:
10.1520/C1224-15R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from TechnicalAssociation of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI),
the ASTM website. 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http://www.tappi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1224−15 (2020)
5. Materials and Manufacture procedures shall indicate the R-value of the product and the
enclosed air space, in the assembly tested.
5.1 Reflective insulation materials shall consist of low
emittance surface(s) with, or without, substrates and adhesives
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
required to meet the specified thermal performance and physi-
cal properties.
7.1 The insulation shall be manufactured, packaged, and
shipped in such a manner that, when received by the customer,
5.2 Multiple layer reflective insulations shall be designed to
it shall be suitable for installation in accordance with Practice
attain the intended separation of layers in normal application.
C727.
Such multiple layer insulation shall form an attachment flange
suitable for stapling, or other means of attachment.
8. Sampling
5.3 Dimensions—Insulation shall be furnished in dimen-
8.1 Sampling shall be performed in accordance with Prac-
sions to fit framing members, at spacings standard in the
tice C390.
construction industry, or as specifically agreed upon between
the producer and the buyer.
9. Test Methods
6. Physical Properties Requirements
9.1 Emittance—The emittance of the product shall be tested
in accordance with Test Method C1371.
6.1 Low emittance materials shall have a surface with an
emittance of 0.1 or less, as determined in accordance with 9.1.
9.2 Permeance—The permeance of the product shall be
tested in accordance with Test Method E96/E96M, Desiccant
6.2 Permeance—When the reflective insulation is to serve
as a vapor retarder, the permeance of the material shall not Method.
exceed one perm, as determined in accordance with 9.2.
9.3 Surface Burning—Surface burning characteristics shall
6.2.1 When the reflective insulation is to be vapor transmit-
be tested in accordance with Test Method E84 and shall be
ting the permeance of the material shall be equal to or greater
mounted according to Practice E2599.
than five perms, as determined in accordance with 9.2.
9.4 Humidity Resistance—The humidity resistance of the
6.3 Surface Burning Characteristics—Building code re-
productshallbetestedinaccordancewithTestMethodC1258.
quirements specify flame spread and smoke development
9.5 Adhesive Performance:
values determined in accordance with 9.3, except as follows:
9.5.1 Bleeding and Delamination:
(1)Maximum surface burning characteristics shall not
exceed 25 flame spread index and 50 smoke development 9.5.1.1 Scope—Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationof
index for inside plenum applications. bleeding and delamination of the reflective insulation.
(2)Maximum surface burning characteristics shall not
9.5.1.2 Significance and Use—It is necessary that reflective
exceed 25 flame spread index and 450 smoke development insulation not show adhesive bleeding or delamination since
index in exposed building applications.
this contributes to loss of structural integrity and a change in
water permeability.
6.4 Humidity Resistance—The laminates of the reflective
9.5.1.3 Sampling—A minimum of three specimens of the
insulation shall be tested in accordance with 9.4. Three
reflective insulation, with dimensions of approximately 3 by 6
specimens shall be exposed. Shield the test specimens from
in. (7.62 cm by 15.24 cm), shall be tested. The test specimens
condensatethatdripsfromtheceilingofthehumiditychamber.
shall be cut from separate locations on a roll or panel of the
6.4.1 Thespecimensshallbeevaluatedforvisiblecorrosion
insulation.
and delamination. For purposes of corrosion evaluation disre-
9.5.1.4 Procedure—Suspend the specimens vertically in an
gardtheouter0.25in.(6.4mm)perimeter.Notestedspecimen
oven and heat to a temperature of 180°F (65°F) for at least 5
shall exhibit visible crystalline deposits exceeding 2% of the
h. Determine, under 5× magnification the following: has the
test area nor exhibit unaided delamination of layers.
adhesive bled or extruded through the surface, or has any
6.5 Adhesive Performance:
separation of foil from substrate (delamination) occurred.
6.5.1 Bleeding—Adhesives, when used, shall show no sign
9.5.1.5 Precision and Bias—No information is presented
of bleeding when tested in accordance with the test procedure
about either precision or bias of this test method for determin-
in 9.5.1. Disregard bleeding at cut edges. Bleeding or
ing Bleeding and Delamination, since the test results are
delamination,coveringover2%ofthespecimenarea,shallbe
nonquantitative.
cause for rejection.
9.5.2 Pliability:
6.5.2 Pliability—Specimens tested in accordance with the
9.5.2.1 Scope—Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationof
testprocedurein9.5.2shallnotshowcrackingordelamination.
cracking or delamination of the reflective insulation due to
6.6 Fungi Resistance—Specimens shall not have growth
folding and bending. Any reflective insulation product that
greater than comparative item when tested in accordance with
does not require bending during installation shall be exempt
9.6. Use Interpretation of Results (Paragraph 7.2) of Test
from the requirements of this section.
Method C1338.
9.5.2.2 Significance and Use—Reflective insulation must
6.7 Thermal Resistance—Determine the thermal resistance not crack or delaminate, these characteristics contribute to loss
in accordance with procedures in 9.7. The results of the of structural integrity and change in water permeability.
C1224−15 (2020)
9.5.2.3 Sampling—A minimum of three specimens of the shall be applied to the interior surfaces of the sh
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1224 − 15 C1224 − 15 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Specification for
Reflective Insulation for Building Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements and physical properties of reflective insulations for use in building
applications. These insulation materials consist of one or more low emittance surfaces, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits,
unmounted or mounted on substrates. Reflective insulations derive thermal performance from surfaces with an emittance of 0.1
or less, facing enclosed air spaces.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C727 Practice for Installation and Use of Reflective Insulation in Building Constructions
C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for Insulation
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings
C1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus
C1371 Test Method for Determination of Emittance of Materials Near Room Temperature Using Portable Emissometers
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
E2599 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Reflective Insulation, Radiant Barrier and Vinyl Stretch Ceiling
Materials for Building Applications to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
2.2 TAPPI Standard:
T512 Creasing of Flexible Packaging Material Paper Specimens for Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terminology C168 shall apply to the terms in this specification.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.21 on Reflective
Insulation.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2015March 1, 2020. Published November 2015March 2020. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20112015
as C1224C1224 – 15.–11. DOI: 10.1520/C1224-15.10.1520/C1224-15R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http://www.tappi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1224 − 15 (2020)
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Prior to purchase, for sampling and acceptance procedures, Practice C390 is an option when agreed upon by the purchaser
and the manufacturer.
4.2 Specify the required thermal resistance by the direction of the heat flow.
4.3 Specify the width, depth, and total area to be insulated.
4.4 Specify special markings, when required.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Reflective insulation materials shall consist of low emittance surface(s) with, or without, substrates and adhesives required
to meet the specified thermal performance and physical properties.
5.2 Multiple layer reflective insulations shall be designed to attain the intended separation of layers in normal application. Such
multiple layer insulation shall form an attachment flange suitable for stapling, or other means of attachment.
5.3 Dimensions—Insulation shall be furnished in dimensions to fit framing members, at spacings standard in the construction
industry, or as specifically agreed upon between the producer and the buyer.
6. Physical Properties Requirements
6.1 Low emittance materials shall have a surface with an emittance of 0.1 or less, as determined in accordance with 9.1.
6.2 Permeance—When the reflective insulation is to serve as a vapor retarder, the permeance of the material shall not exceed
one perm, as determined in accordance with 9.2.
6.2.1 When the reflective insulation is to be vapor transmitting the permeance of the material shall be equal to or greater than
five perms, as determined in accordance with 9.2.
6.3 Surface Burning Characteristics—Building code requirements specify flame spread and smoke development values
determined in accordance with 9.3, except as follows:
(1) Maximum surface burning characteristics shall not exceed 25 flame spread index and 50 smoke development index for
inside plenum applications.
(2) Maximum surface burning characteristics shall not exceed 25 flame spread index and 450 smoke development index in
exposed building applications.
6.4 Humidity Resistance—The laminates of the reflective insulation shall be tested in accordance with 9.4. Three specimens
shall be exposed. Shield the test specimens from condensate that drips from the ceiling of the humidity chamber.
6.4.1 The specimens shall be evaluated for visible corrosion and delamination. For purposes of corrosion evaluation disregard
the outer 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) perimeter. No tested specimen shall exhibit visible crystalline deposits exceeding 2 % of the test area
nor exhibit unaided delamination of layers.
6.5 Adhesive Performance:
6.5.1 Bleeding—Adhesives, when used, shall show no sign of bleeding when tested in accordance with the test procedure in
9.5.1. Disregard bleeding at cut edges. Bleeding or delamination, covering over 2 % of the specimen area, shall be cause for
rejection.
6.5.2 Pliability—Specimens tested in accordance with the test procedure in 9.5.2 shall not show cracking or delamination.
6.6 Fungi Resistance—Specimens shall not have growth greater than comparative item when tested in accordance with 9.6. Use
Interpretation of Results (Paragraph 7.2) of Test Method C1338.
6.7 Thermal Resistance—Determine the thermal resistance in accordance with procedures in 9.7. The results of the procedures
shall indicate the R-value of the product and the enclosed air space, in the assembly tested.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
7.1 The insulation shall be manufactured, packaged, and shipped in such a manner that, when received by the customer, it shall
be suitable for installation in accordance with Practice C727.
8. Sampling
8.1 Sampling shall be performed in accordance with Practice C390.
9. Test Methods
9.1 Emittance—The emittance of the product shall be tested in accordance with Test Method C1371.
9.2 Permeance—The permeance of the product shall be tested in accordance with Test Method E96/E96M, Desiccant Method.
9.3 Surface Burning—Surface burning characteristics shall be tested in accordance with Test Method E84 and shall be mounted
according to Practice E2599.
C1224 − 15 (2020)
9.4 Humidity Resistance—The humidity resistance of the product shall be tested in accordance with Test Method C1258.
9.5 Adhesive Performance:
9.5.1 Bleeding and Delamination:
9.5.1.1 Scope—This test method covers the determination of bleeding and delamination of the reflective insulation.
9.5.1.2 Significance and Use—It is necessary that reflective insulation not show adhesive bleeding or delamination since this
contributes to loss of structural integrity and a change in water permeability.
9.5.1.3 Sampling—A minimum of three specimens of the reflective insulation, with dimensions of approximately 3 by 6 in. (7.62
cm by 15.24 cm), shall be tested. The test specimens shall be cut from separate locations on a roll or panel of the insulation.
9.5.1.4 Procedure—Suspend the specimens vertically in an oven and heat to a temperature of 180°F (65°F) for at least 5 h.
Determine, under 5× magnification the following: has the adhesive bled or extruded through the surface, or has any separation of
foil from substrate (delamination) occurred.
9.5.1.5 Precision and Bias—No information is presented about either precision or bias of this test method for determining
Bleeding and Delamination, since the test results are nonquantitative.
9.5.2 Pliability:
9.5.2.1 Scope—This test method covers the determination of cracking or delamination of the reflective insulation due to folding
and bending. Any reflective insulation product that does not require bending during installation shall be exempt from the
requirements of this section.
9.5.2.2 Significance and Use—Reflective insulation must not crack or delaminate, these characteristics contribute to loss of
structural integrity
...