ASTM D5870-22

Standard Practice for Calculating Property Retention Index of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The property retention index (PRI) determined by this practice is intended primarily to provide relative durability performance information on materials for design engineers. It is up to the user to ensure that appropriate sampling procedures are used for the selection of specimens to be exposed so that the PRI data obtained is actually representative of the material being evaluated.  
4.2 The PRI obtained depends on the material being tested, property being evaluated, and exposure condition used. A PRI obtained for one property will probably not be the same as the PRI for a different property of the same material, even if the same exposure test is used.  
4.3 Plastics exposed to a combination of environmental and thermal treatments may undergo a change in functional performance. Any laboratory-accelerated aging procedure, especially those that use only a single stress, may not realistically indicate the changes a plastic may undergo in actual use conditions. This practice provides a means for expressing the changes in properties as a function of time exposed in a wide variety of tests. The PRI data obtained is best used for comparing the performance of materials subjected to the same exposure test simultaneously.  
4.3.1 Both laboratory-accelerated and outdoor exposure testing can be highly variable, and the PRI data will be influenced by this variability. For example, PRI data from outdoor exposures can vary depending on the exposure location and the time of year when the exposure is conducted. Variability in laboratory-accelerated exposure tests can result in large differences in PRI data from two laboratories running supposedly identical tests. PRI data obtained from exposure to laboratory-accelerated tests cannot be used to predict the PRI for exposure to natural weathering or actual use conditions unless there is a sufficient amount of data from both types of exposure to allow valid statistical comparisons.  
4.4 A number of different exposure techniqu...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the calculation of a property retention index (PRI) of thermoplastic and thermoset plastics after exposure to thermal aging, natural or artificial accelerated weathering, or chemical exposures.  
1.2 This practice is not intended to establish a fixed procedure for conducting the exposure test, but it is intended to provide a set of specific procedures used to calculate the retention index of a characteristic property of the material after it has been exposed. Selection of the specific exposure test conditions depends on the material being tested and the property being measured. It is up to the user to determine which exposure test conditions are most relevant to the specific material and the service condition being used. The exposure test used must be conducted in accordance with conditions described in specific exposure standards.  
1.3 This practice does not describe procedures for sampling the materials to be tested. These procedures are described in the standards and specifications applicable to the material being evaluated.  
1.4 The procedure used to calculate the PRI depends on whether the test used to characterize the materials being exposed is destructive or nondestructive. The PRI can be useful in describing short-term mechanical, electrical, and other properties of plastics at specified temperatures after the materials have been subjected to an exposure test.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard. ISO 11248 is significantly different since it pertains only to thermosetting resins.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with in...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2022
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.50 - Durability of Plastics

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5870 − 22
Standard Practice for
1
Calculating Property Retention Index of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5870; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the calculation of a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
property retention index (PRI) of thermoplastic and thermoset
plastics after exposure to thermal aging, natural or artificial
2. Referenced Documents
accelerated weathering, or chemical exposures.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This practice is not intended to establish a fixed proce-
D543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to
dure for conducting the exposure test, but it is intended to
Chemical Reagents
provide a set of specific procedures used to calculate the
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
retention index of a characteristic property of the material after
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
it has been exposed. Selection of the specific exposure test
D1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics
conditions depends on the material being tested and the
D1499 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-
property being measured. It is up to the user to determine
sures of Plastics
whichexposuretestconditionsaremostrelevanttothespecific 3
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
material and the service condition being used. The exposure
D2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-
test used must be conducted in accordance with conditions
tended for Outdoor Applications
described in specific exposure standards.
D3045 Practice for Heat Aging of Plastics Without Load
1.3 This practice does not describe procedures for sampling
D4329 Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Ap-
thematerialstobetested.Theseproceduresaredescribedinthe
paratus Exposure of Plastics
standards and specifications applicable to the material being
D4364 Practice for Performing OutdoorAccelerated Weath-
evaluated.
ering Tests of Plastics Using Concentrated Sunlight
D4459 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-
1.4 The procedure used to calculate the PRI depends on
tended for Indoor Applications
whether the test used to characterize the materials being
D4674 PracticeforAcceleratedTestingforColorStabilityof
exposedisdestructiveornondestructive.ThePRIcanbeuseful
Plastics Exposed to Indoor Office Environments
in describing short-term mechanical, electrical, and other
D6360 Practice for Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of Plas-
properties of plastics at specified temperatures after the mate-
tics
rials have been subjected to an exposure test.
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural andArtificial Weath-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ISO 291 Plastics—Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
and Testing
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ISO 877 Plastics—Methods of Exposure to Solar Radiation,
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard. ISO 11248 is
Part 1: General Guidance, Part 2: Direct Weathering and
significantly different since it pertains only to thermosetting resins.
Exposure Behind Window Glass, and Part 3: Intensified
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Weathering Using Concentrated Solar Radiation
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsand the ASTM website.
3
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.50 on Durability of Plastics. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved July 1, 2022. Published July 2022. Originally approved www.astm.org.
4
in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D5870 - 16. DOI: 10.1520/ Available fromAmerican Natio
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5870 − 16 D5870 − 22
Standard Practice for
1
Calculating Property Retention Index of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5870; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the calculation of a property retention index (PRI) of thermoplastic and thermoset plastics
after exposure to thermal aging, natural or artificial accelerated weathering, or chemical exposures.
1.2 This practice is not intended to establish a fixed procedure for conducting the exposure test, but it is intended to provide a set
of specific procedures used to calculate the retention index of a characteristic property of the material after it has been exposed.
Selection of the specific exposure test conditions depends on the material being tested and the property being measured. It is up
to the user to determine which exposure test conditions are most relevant to the specific material and the service condition being
used. The exposure test used must be conducted in accordance with conditions described in specific exposure standards.
1.3 This practice does not describe procedures for sampling the materials to be tested. These procedures are described in the
standards and specifications applicable to the material being evaluated.
1.4 The procedure used to calculate the PRI depends on whether the test used to characterize the materials being exposed is
destructive or nondestructive. The PRI can be useful in describing short-term mechanical, electrical, and other properties of plastics
at specified temperatures after the materials have been subjected to an exposure test.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard. ISO 11248 is significantly different since it pertains only to thermosetting resins.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to Chemical Reagents
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.50 on Durability of Plastics.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016July 1, 2022. Published April 2016July 2022. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
D5870 - 11.D5870 - 16. DOI: 10.1520/D5870-16.10.1520/D5870-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5870 − 22
D1499 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Plastics
3
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
D2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Outdoor Applications
D3045 Practice for Heat Aging of Plastics Without Load
D4329 Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus Exposure of Plastics
D4364 Practice for Performing Outdoor Accelerated Weathering Tests of Plastics Using Concentrated Sunlight
D4459 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Indoor Applications
D4674 Practice for Accelerated Testing for Color Stability of Plastics Exposed to Indoor Office Environments
D6360 Practice for Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of Plastics
G113 Terminology Relating
...