ASTM D3715/D3715M-98(2019)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
Standard Practice for Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The quality of a tape product is determined by the quality systems of the tape producer, including all processes involved in the engineering and production of the product. It is recommended that appropriate sections of ANSI/ASQC Q94 be included in a producer's quality systems. This practice does not intend to standardize these systems. A producer's reputation, a producer's certification of conformance, or evidence of a producer's quality systems are often sufficient to ensure a purchaser or user of a consistent quality. Acceptance sampling is useful when an objective basis of contract or specification conformance is desired.
4.2 The intention of this practice is to provide a reasonably simple document which can be used by both the buyer and seller of pressure-sensitive tape to determine if the product offered for sale meets some predetermined specification for the product. This practice offers the procedures for determining the size of the sample to be inspected and the criteria for determining whether the lot (amount of material offered for sale) should be accepted or rejected. This practice draws from and is based on both ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 and ANSI/ASQC Z1.9.
4.3 Two forms of sampling plans are included: sampling by attributes and sampling by variables. Sampling by attributes is used for end-item examination and both are used where appropriate for end-item testing. Sampling by attributes has the advantage of simplicity while sampling by variables has the advantage of costing less for the equivalent assurance of the correctness of decisions.
4.3.1 Sampling plans for inspection by attributes (see Table 2), should be used for end-item examination (see 5.3). (A) This table is based on Tables I, II-A, II-B, and II-C of ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 using an inspection level of S-3.
|Co = Use first sample plan below arrow. If sample size equals or exceeds lot or batch size, do 100 % inspection.
|Cu = Use first sample plan above arrow.
Ac = Acceptance number.
Re = Rej...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice contains uniform quality assurance provisions for pressure-sensitive tapes and establishes sampling plans and procedures for acceptance inspection.
1.2 Limitations:
1.2.1 This practice only includes procedures for when an upper or a lower specification limit is given. It does not provide for double, both minimum and maximum, specification limits.
Note 1: When double specification limits are given (applies to variables testing only), use may be made of Table C-3 and Example C-3 of ANSI/ASQC Z1.9.
1.2.2 The variables sampling plans apply to a single quality characteristic. Having obtained the sample and the responses to the physical property tests, acceptance is determined on one quality characteristic at a time. The process is repeated for each additional characteristic.
1.2.3 The variables sampling plans require that the response to each quality characteristic is normally distributed either directly or by transformation. If this is not known, the potential user of this practice should seek the counsel of someone with sufficient understanding of statistical techniques to provide that information.
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued b...
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3715/D3715M − 98 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3715/D3715M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This practice contains uniform quality assurance provi-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sions for pressure-sensitive tapes and establishes sampling
plans and procedures for acceptance inspection.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Limitations:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2.1 This practice only includes procedures for when an
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
upperoralowerspecificationlimitisgiven.Itdoesnotprovide
ments
for double, both minimum and maximum, specification limits.
2.2 ANSI/ASQC Standards:
NOTE 1—When double specification limits are given (applies to
ANSI/ASQC A2Terms, Symbols, and Definitions for Ac-
variables testing only), use may be made of Table C-3 and Example C-3
ceptance Sampling
of ANSI/ASQC Z1.9. 4
ANSI/ASQC A3Quality Systems Terminology
1.2.2 The variables sampling plans apply to a single quality
ANSI/ASQC Q94Quality Management and Quality System
characteristic.Havingobtainedthesampleandtheresponsesto
Elements—Guidelines
the physical property tests, acceptance is determined on one
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
qualitycharacteristicatatime.Theprocessisrepeatedforeach
spection by Attributes
additional characteristic.
ANSI/ASQC Z1.9Sampling and Tables for Inspection by
1.2.3 Thevariablessamplingplansrequirethattheresponse
Variables for Percent Defective
to each quality characteristic is normally distributed either
3. Terminology
directlyorbytransformation.Ifthisisnotknown,thepotential
user of this practice should seek the counsel of someone with
3.1 Definitions—General terms in this practice are defined
sufficientunderstandingofstatisticaltechniquestoprovidethat
in Terminology D996,ANSI/ASQCA2, andANSI/ASQCA3.
information.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
3.2.1 acceptability criterion—the comparison made be-
be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
tween a factor, number, or constant found in the sampling plan
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
and the examination or test result information from a single
must be used independently, without combining values in any
qualitycharacteristictodetermineifthelotshouldbeaccepted
way.
or rejected. For inspection by attributes the acceptability
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the criterion is a comparison with the acceptability constant found
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the in Table 1.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 acceptable quality level (AQL)—a nominal value ex-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
pressed in terms of percent defective or defects per hundred
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
units, whichever is applicable, specified for a given group of
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
defects of a product (see ANSI/ASQC A2).
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D10 on Packaging the ASTM website.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape and Labels. AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published August 2019. Originally Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
published in 1978. Last previous edition approved as D3715–98 (2011). DOI: AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforQuality(ASQ),310WestWisconsinAve.,
10.1520/D3715_D3715M-98R19. Milwaukee, WI 53203.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3715/D3715M − 98 (2019)
A
TABLE 1 Sampling Plans for Inspection by Variables (Variability Unknown—Single Specification Limit)
Acceptable Quality Levels (Normal Inspection) Acceptable Quality Levels (Reduced Inspection)
2 2
Lot Size (100-m [yd ] Sample .65 1.00 1.50 2.50 4.00 6.50 10.00 Sample 1.00 1.50 2.50 4.00 6.50 10.00
Units) Size Size
kk k k kk k k k k k k k
1 to 300 3 l ↓ ↓ 0.587 0.502 0.401 0.296 3 l 0.587 0.502 0.401 0.296 0.178
301 to 500 4 l 0.651 0.598 0.525 0.450 0.364 0.276 3 l 0.587 0.502 0.401 0.296 0.178
↓ l
501 to 800 5 0.663 0.614 0.565 0.498 0.431 0.352 0.272 3 l 0.587 0.502 0.401 0.296 0.178
801 to 1 300 7 0.613 0.569 0.525 0.465 0.405 0.336 0.266 3 ↓ 0.587 0.502 0.401 0.296 0.178
1 301 to 3 200 10 0.755 0.703 0.650 0.579 0.507 0.424 0.341 4 0.598 0.525 0.450 0.364 0.276 0.176
3 201 to 8 000 15 0.792 0.738 0.684 0.610 0.536 0.452 0.368 5 0.565 0.498 0.431 0.352 0.272 0.184
8 001 to 22 000 25 0.815 0.779 0.723 0.647 0.571 0.484 0.398 7 0.525 0.465 0.405 0.336 0.266 0.189
1.00 1.50 2.50 4.00 6.50 10.00 15.00
Acceptable Quality Levels (tightened inspection)
A
This table contains information extracted from Tables A-2 (inspection level I), C-1, and C-2 from ANSI/ASQC Z1.9.
↓ = Use the first sampling plan below arrow including the larger sample size and the k value.
k = Acceptability constant.
3.2.3 defect—any nonconformance of the unit of product to 3.2.12 inspection lot—a collection of units of product from
specified requirements; it is classified according to its serious- which a sample is drawn and inspected to determine compli-
ness. ance with the acceptability criteria.
3.2.13 material specification—that document covering a
3.2.4 defects per hundred units—of any given quantity of
units of product, is the number of defects contained therein product or set of products and specifying the parameters that
define the product(s) (see ANSI/ASQC A3).
divided by the total number of units of product, the quotient
multiplied by one hundred (one or more defects being possible
3.2.14 percent defective—the number of defective units of
in any unit of product). Expressed as an equation:
product contained therein, divided by the total number of
product, the quotient multiplied by one hundred (a unit being
numberofdefects 3100
Defectsperhundredunits 5 (1)
considered defective if it contains one or more defects).
numberofunitsinspected
Expressed as an equation:
3.2.5 defective unit—a unit of product that contains one or
more defects. numberofdefectiveunits 3100
Percentdefective 5 (2)
numberofunitsinspected
3.2.6 enditem—theactualproductorcommoditybeingsold
3.2.15 quality characteristic—for inspection,thatcharacter-
underthematerialspecification.Itisinitsmostcompleteform
and may be either packed for shipping or at a production stage istic of a unit of product that is actually measured to determine
conformance with a given requirement.
just preceding packing. It may or may not be the same as the
unit of product defined in 3.2.17.
3.2.16 specification limit(s)—the requirement that a quality
characteristicshouldmeet.Thisrequirementmaybeexpressed
3.2.7 end-item examination—the inspection of the roll of
tapeforthosecharacteristicswhichareeithereasilydiscernible as an upper specification limit, or a lower specification limit;
called herein a single specification limit.
by visual inspection or can be simply measured by a hand rule
(such as width). All characteristics of this type are considered
3.2.17 unit of product—the entity of product inspected in
as attributes.
order to determine its measurable quality characteristic. For
this practice the unit of product will usually be a roll of tape.
3.2.8 end-item testing—the inspection of the unit of product
thatinvolvesmeasurementofphysicalpropertiesonacontinu- The unit of product may or may not be the same as the unit of
purchase, supply production, or shipment. It is also called
ous scale. All characteristics of this type are considered as
variables. sample unit in this practice.
3.2.9 inspection—the process of measuring, examining,
4. Significance and Use
testing, gaging, or otherwise comparing the unit of product
4.1 The quality of a tape product is determined by the
with the applicable requirements (see ANSI/ASQC A2).
quality systems of the tape producer, including all processes
3.2.10 inspection by attributes—inspection whereby either
involvedintheengineeringandproductionoftheproduct.Itis
the unit of product is classified simply as defective or non-
recommendedthatappropriatesectionsofANSI/ASQCQ94be
defective or the number of defects in the unit of product is
includedinaproducer’squalitysystems.Thispracticedoesnot
counted, with respect to a given requirement or set of require-
intend to standardize these systems.Aproducer’s reputation, a
ments (see ANSI/ASQC A2).
producer’s certification of conformance, or evidence of a
3.2.11 inspection by variables—inspection wherein a speci- producer’s quality systems are often sufficient to ensure a
fied quality characteristic on a unit of product is measured on purchaser or user of a consistent quality.Acceptance sampling
a continuous scale, such as pounds, inches, feet per second, is useful when an objective basis of contract or specification
etc., and a measurement is recorded (see ANSI/ASQC A2). conformance is desired.
D3715/D3715M − 98 (2019)
4.2 The intention of this practice is to provide a reasonably 5. Procedure
simple document which can be used by both the buyer and
5.1 Where it can be demonstrated that a supplier’s quality
seller of pressure-sensitive tape to determine if the product
control system provides a similar degree of assurance as that
offeredforsalemeetssomepredeterminedspecificationforthe
obtained through the use of this practice, the supplier may use
product.Thispracticeofferstheproceduresfordeterminingthe
that system in place of the system described herein. In case of
size of the sample to be inspected and the criteria for
conflict, the system described in this practice shall be used.
determining whether the lot (amount of material offered for
5.2 Whereapplicable,inspection(examinationortesting)at
sale) should be accepted or rejected. This practice draws from
somepriorstageofmanufacture,forexamplein-processorraw
andisbasedonbothANSI/ASQCZ1.4andANSI/ASQCZ1.9.
material, can be used instead of inspection of the end item.An
4.3 Two forms of sampling plans are included: sampling by
example of this might be the use of the tensile strength test
attributes and sampling by variables. Sampling by attributes is
performed at the raw material testing stage rather than on the
used for end-item examination and both are used where
end item.
appropriateforend-itemtesting.Samplingbyattributeshasthe
5.3 End-Item Examination:
advantage of simplicity while sampling by variables has the
5.3.1 Sampling:
advantage of costing less for the equivalent assurance of the
correctness of decisions. 5.3.1.1 Lot Size, for the purpose of determining the sample
size, shall be expressed in units of rolls for examination under
4.3.1 Sampling plans for inspection by attributes (see Table
2), should be used for end-item examination (see 5.3). 5.3.2.1 – 5.3.2.3 inclusive, and shall consist of all the tape
material presented for examination at one time. The material
4.3.2 Sampling plans for inspection by variables (see Table
1 and 5.4), should be used for end-item testing except as shallbeofthesametype,class,andcolor,manufacturedbythe
same process, from the same components, at one plant by one
indicated in 5.4.1.2(a).
manufacturer under the same conditions.
4.4 Useofthispracticeassumesthataspecificationdefining
5.3.1.2 Sample Size—The number of units of product (rolls
one or more quality characteristics exists. It is suggested that
oftape)tobeexaminedshallbefoundinTable2undersample
buyerandselleragreeonacceptablequalitylevels(AQL)from
size. Use the sampling plans for normal inspection unless
within the choices shown in the tables of this practice.
tightened or reduced inspection has been specifically agreed
4.5 When conditions warrant switching from normal to
upon.
tightenedorreducedinspection,theappropriatesamplingplans
5.3.1.3 The following table illustrates the AQLs that have
are available in Table 1 and Table 2. The decision to switch
commonly been used with the examinations found in 5.3.2.
should be agreed upon between the buyer and the seller.When
The graduation follows traditional levels of importance for the
lots are rejected under normal inspection it is usual to go to
attributes collected together in the tables given in 5.3.2.1,
tightened inspection. No change in AQL is made, but the
5.3.2.2, and 5.3.2.3. Table 2 illustrates only these AQLs.
assurance of making the correct decision is improved usually
Examination Paragraph AQL, %
by the sampling plan calling for a larger sample size. Reduced
5.3.2.1 2.5
inspectionisaswitchfromnormalinspectionmadewhensome 5.3.2.2 4.0
5.3.2.3 10.0
number of lots, usually 10, passes in consecutive order.
Switching should move from reduced to normal and from 5.3.2 Examination—Examine in accordance with the de-
normal to tightened or from tightened to normal without fectslistedin5.3.2.1,5.3.2.2and5.3.2.3andAQLssetforthin
skipping an intermediate step. the table in 5.3.1.3 when sampled from the shipment. No more
A
TABLE 2 Sampling Plans for Inspection by Attributes
Normal Inspection Tightened Inspection Reduced Inspection
Lot Size in
AQL AQL AQL
Sam- Sam- Sam-
Number of
ple 2.5 4.0 10 ple 2.5 4.0 10 ple 2.5 4.0 10
Rolls
Size Size Size
Ac Re Ac Re Ac Re Ac Re Ac Re Ac Re Ac Re Ac Re Ac Re
2–15 2 |Ch |Co |Ch 2 |Ch |Ch |Ch 2 |Ch |Co |Ch
16–50 3 |Co 0 1 |Co 3 |Ch |Co |Ch 2 |Co 0 1 |Co
51–150 5 0 1 |Cu 1 2 5 |Ch 0 1 |Ch 2 0 1 |Cu 0 2
|Cu |Co |Ch |Co |Cu
151–500 8 |Co 2 3 8 0 1 |Ch 1 2 3 |Co 1 3
501–3200 13 |Co 1 2 3 4 13 |Ch |Co 2 3 5 |Co 0 2 1 4
3201–35 000 20 1 2 2 3 5 6 20 |Ch 1 2 3 4 8 0 2 1 3 2 5
|Co
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.