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ASTM D2063/D2063M-10(2012)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing Equipment

Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing Equipment

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method allows for the measurement of the torque retention properties of container/continuous thread closure systems of various designs, materials, and manufacture, and is suitable for packaging development and engineering evaluation.
This test method can be used for the evaluation of container/continuous thread closure systems under controlled conditions (where the application torque is known and the applied downward force to the closure is zero).
This test method measures torque retention properties of container/continuous thread closure systems with the use of a non-automated, spring torque-meter (with either a dial indicator or a digital readout) or a torque wrench.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods evaluate the torque retention of continuous thread closures on containers, with matching finishes, for predetermined environmental conditions over time.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1—The SI unit system is the recommended system.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2012
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
Drafting Committee
F02.25 - Rigid Container Closure Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2063/D2063M-10 - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing Equipment
Effective Date
01-Apr-2012
Replaced By
ASTM D2063/D2063M-10(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing Equipment
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018

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ASTM D2063/D2063M-10(2012) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing EquipmentASTM D2063/D2063M-10(2012) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing Equipment
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ASTM D2063/D2063M-10(2012) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing Equipment
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2063/D2063M − 10 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with
Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated
(Manual) Torque Testing Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2063/D2063M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Packaging Components for Testing
E41 Terminology Relating To Conditioning
1.1 These test methods evaluate the torque retention of
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
continuous thread closures on containers, with matching
Packaging
finishes, for predetermined environmental conditions over
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
time.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3. Terminology
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.1 Definitions:
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1.1 For definitions of general packaging and distribution
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
terms, see Terminology D996.
with the standard.
3.1.2 For definitions of application torque and removal
NOTE 1—The SI unit system is the recommended system.
torque, see Test Method D3198.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 For Definitions regarding conditioning, see Terminol-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ogy E41.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.1 immediate removal torque—removal torque that is
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
measured at a stated interval, from 1 to 5 min after closure
application.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.2 torque retention—a comparison between removal
2.1 ASTM Standards:
torque at the end of a test period and a predetermined
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
immediate removal torque.
ments
4. Summary of Test Methods
D3198 Test Method forApplication and Removal Torque of
Threaded or Lug-Style Closures (Withdrawn 2016)
4.1 Test Method A: Static Evaluation—At predetermined
D3474 Practice for Calibration and Use of Torque Meters
timeintervals,theremovaltorquesofrepresentativesamplesof
Used in Packaging Applications
a container/continuous thread closure system, previously
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
stored at various environmental conditions, are measured.
tainers and Systems
4.2 Test Method B: Dynamic Evaluation—Practice D4169 is
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
used to develop a uniform system of evaluating the ability of
primary packages, in the shipping units, to withstand the
distribution environment. At the end of predetermined distri-
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on
bution cycles, the removal torques of representative samples of
FlexibleBarrierPackagingandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF02.25
on Rigid Container Closure Systems.
a container/continuous thread closure system are measured.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2063/D2063M – 09
5. Significance and Use
(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D2063_D2063M-10R12.
5.1 This test method allows for the measurement of the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
torque retention properties of container/continuous thread clo-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
sure systems of various designs, materials, and manufacture,
the ASTM website.
and is suitable for packaging development and engineering
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. evaluation.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2063/D2063M − 10 (2012)
instrument be used to apply all closures in any one test to reduce possible
5.2 This test method can be used for the evaluation of
operator/instrument inconsistencies and variabilities.
container/continuous thread closure systems under controlled
conditions (where the application torque is known and the
10.1.2.1 Exercise care in positioning the container or clo-
applied downward force to the closure is zero).
sure to prevent distortion of either component.
5.3 This test method measures torque retention properties of
NOTE 5—Under certain conditions of product-filling, storage and
container/continuous thread closure systems with the use of a distribution, it may be desirable to combine appropriate segments of Test
Method A and Test Method B.
non-automated, spring torque-meter (with either a dial indica-
tor or a digital readout) or a torque wrench.
10.1.3 Avoiding contact with the fixed component, grip the
movable component (normally the continuous thread closure)
6. Apparatus
and rotate it at a constant and uniform rate, in a tightening
6.1 Non-automated Spring Torque Meter, with an appropri-
direction, to the predetermined application torque.
ate scale that accurately measures within the expected torque
10.1.4 Release the movable component (normally the con-
range for the particular container/continuous thread closure
tinuous thread closure) upon reaching the desired torque. See
system to be evaluated.
Note 6.
6.1.1 Torque meter, if used, will have a scale where the
10.1.5 Apply the balance of the closures or containers to the
anticipated torque readings are not less than one-third of the
matching components as directed in 10.1.2, 10.1.3, and 10.1.4.
maximum range of the scale for the container/continuous
10.1.6 Store the assembled test specimens as appropriate in
thread closure system to be evaluated. Torque results will be
accordance with Specification E171 or Practice D4332.
available in a visual format.
10.1.6.1 Maintain one group of test specimens as a control
6.1.2 A torque wrench, if used, will have an appropriate
by storing this group at ambient laboratory conditions. See
design and capacity capable of providing a reading within the
Note 6.
anticipated range for the container/continuous thread closure
NOTE 6—The application torque range is usually determined on the
system to be evaluated. Torque results will be available in a
basis of the desired removal torque range.
visual format.
10.1.6.2 Maintain, as appropriate, one or more groups of
7. Sampling and Test Specimens
test specimens at constant temperatures different than ambient
laboratory conditions. If desired, cycling at various tempera-
7.1 Measure no less than ten test specimens for each torque
ture and relative humidity conditions may be performed.
measurement point per test variable.
10.1.7 At the end of each predetermined time period,
7.2 Selectpreviouslyunusedcontinuousthreadclosuresand
determine the removal torque for each test sample.
containers as test specimens.
10.1.7.1 Determine the removal torques either at ambient
laboratory conditions or at the alternative temperature and
8. Calibration
relative humidity conditions.
8.1 Calibrate spring torque meters in accordance with the
10.1.7.2 The following test intervals are recommended:
procedures of Practice D3474.
immediate (between 1 and 5 minutes), 24 h, 48 h, 7 days, 14
days, and 28 days. See Note 7.
9. Conditioning and Preparation of Test Specimens
9.1 Perform
...

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5.1 This test method is intended to measure volatile organic compounds that are emitted from packaging materials under high-temperature conditions.  
5.2 This test method may be useful in assisting in the development and manufacture of packaging materials having minimal retained packaging ink/adhesive solvents.  
5.3 Modification of this procedure by utilizing appropriate qualitative GC detection devices such as a mass spectrometer in place of the flame ionization detector may provide identification of volatile organics of unknown identity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the amount of residual solvents released from within a packaging material contained in a sealed vial under a given set of time and temperature conditions and is a recommended alternative for Test Method F151.  
1.2 This test method covers a procedure for quantitating volatile compounds whose identity has been established and which are retained in packaging materials.  
1.3 The analyst should determine the sensitivity and reproducibility of the method by carrying out appropriate studies on the solvents of interest. The analyst is referred to Practice E260 for guidance.  
1.4 For purposes of verifying the identity of or identifying unknown volatile compounds the analyst is encouraged to incorporate techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy or other suitable techniques in conjunction with this test method.  
1.5 Sensitivity of this test method in the determination of the concentration of a given retained solvent must be determined on a case by case basis due to the variation in the substrate/solvent interaction between different types of samples.  
1.6 This test method does not address the determination of total retained solvents in a packaging material. Techniques such as multiple headspace extraction can be employed to this end. The analyst is referred to the manual supplied with the GC-Autosampling system for guidance.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F119-82(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Rate of Grease Penetration of Flexible Barrier Materials (Rapid Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is valuable in the development and selection of flexible barrier materials suited for use as grease barriers.  
4.2 The test is rapid in comparison with other methods because of the extremely small quantity of oil required for detection (about 6 μg). The actual time to failure is a multiple of the values obtained by this test method. When permeation is through an absorbent structure such as kraft paper coated with polyethylene, the failure times will be longer and variable, depending on the variation in porosity and thickness of the structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides standard conditions for determining the rate of grease penetration of flexible barrier materials. Pinholes, which can be measured by a separate test, will increase the rate of grease penetration as determined by this test method.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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