ASTM C1272-14b
(Specification)Standard Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick
Standard Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick
ABSTRACT
This specification covers heavy vehicular paving bricks designed for use in streets, commercial driveways, aircraft taxiways, and other places where there is a high volume of heavy vehicular traffic. The bricks should be manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to firing. The high temperature heat treatment should develop sufficient fired bonds between the material particles to produce the required strength and durability. The bricks may also be shaped by extruding, molding, or pressing during manufacture and may have spacing lugs, chamfered edges, or both. The materials are classified into two types according to the intended installation and should all conform to the required values of freeze thaw resistance, abrasion resistance, skid resistance, coring, chips or cracks, and efflorescence.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as a paving material in areas with a high volume of heavy vehicular traffic. The units are designed for use in such places as streets, commercial driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units are not intended for applications covered by Specifications C410 or C902.
1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232).
1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding, molding, or pressing. Brick may have spacing lugs, chamfered edges, or both.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1272 −14b
StandardSpecification for
Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1272; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E303 Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Proper-
ties Using the British Pendulum Tester
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as a
paving material in areas with a high volume of heavy vehicular
3. Terminology
traffic. The units are designed for use in such places as streets,
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this specification are defined
commercial driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units are
in Terminology C1232.
not intended for applications covered by Specifications C410
or C902.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 heavy vehicular traffıc—high volume of heavy ve-
1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar
hicles representing trucks or combination vehicles having 3 or
naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat
more loaded axles.
treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment
3.2.1.1 Discussion—High volume is considered to be traffic
must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate
over 251 daily equivalent single axle loads (ESAL).
constituentstoprovidethestrengthanddurabilityrequirements
of this specification (see Terminology C1232).
4. Classification
1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding,
4.1 Types—Heavy vehicular paving brick are classified by
molding, or pressing. Brick may have spacing lugs, chamfered
type according to their intended installation:
edges, or both.
4.1.1 Type R—Brick intended to be set in a mortar setting
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
bed supported by an adequate concrete base; or an asphalt
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
setting bed supported by an adequate asphalt or concrete base.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.2 Type F—Brick intended to be set in a sand setting bed,
and are not considered standard.
with sand joints, and supported by an adequate base.
4.2 Applications—Heavy vehicular paving brick are classi-
2. Referenced Documents
fied by application according to their dimensional tolerances,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
warpage, and extent of chips.
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
4.2.1 Application PS—Pavers intended for general use.
Structural Clay Tile
4.2.2 Application PX—Pavers intended for use where a
C88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of
higher degree of precision and a lower permissible variation in
Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
dimensional tolerances and warpage are required than for
C410 Specification for Industrial Floor Brick
Application PS.
C418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by
4.2.3 Application PA—Pavers intended to produce charac-
Sandblasting
teristic architectural effects resulting from nonuniformity in
C902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving
size, color, and texture.
Brick
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
5. Physical Properties
5.1 Freeze Thaw Resistance—Use one of the following
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
methods:
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1.1 Physical Property Requirements—Thebrickshallcon-
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
form to the physical requirements for the type specified as
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
prescribed in Table 1.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1272 – 14a. DOI:
10.1520/C1272-14B.
5.1.2 Freezing and Thawing Alternative—The 24-h cold
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
water absorption requirements specified in 5.1.1 shall not be
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
required provided a sample of five brick, meeting all other
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. requirements, passes the 50 cycle freezing-and-thawing test in
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1272−14b
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
Minimum Compressive Strength, Gross Minimum Breaking Load, Maximum Cold Water
Type
Area, psi (MPa) lb/in. (kN/mm) Absorption, %
Avg. of 5 Brick Individual Avg. of 5 Brick Individual Avg. of 5 Brick Individual
R 8000 (55.2) 7000 (48.3) . . . . . . 6.0 7.0
F 10 000 (69.0) 8800 (60.7) 475 (83) 333 (58) 6.0 7.0
Test Methods C67 with not greater than 0.5 % loss in dry 5.2.2 Volume Abrasion Loss—The volume abrasion loss
weight of any individual unit. should be determined in accordance with Test Method C418,
with the following changes in procedure:
NOTE 1—The provisions of 5.1.2 are specified only as an alternative
5.2.2.1 The sand shall be a natural silica sand from Ottawa,
whenthesampledoesnotconformtotherequirements24-hforcoldwater
absorption prescribed in Table 1.
IL, graded to pass a No. 50 (300-µm) sieve and retained on a
No. 100 (150-µm) sieve.
5.1.2.1 Sulfate Soundness Test Alternative—The 24-h cold
5.2.2.2 The test shall be run on dry brick.
water absorption requirements specified in 5.1.1 shall not be
5.2.2.3 The duration of the test shall be 2 min.
required if a representative sample of five brick survives 15
cyclesofthesulfatesoundnesstestinaccordancewithSections
5.2.2.4 The rate of sand flow shall be 400 g/min.
4, 5, and 8 of Test Method C88 with no visible damage.
5.2.2.5 The volume loss shall be determined by filling the
abraded depression with modeling clay, striking off level with
NOTE 2—The sulfate soundness test is an optional substitute test for the
the original surface of the brick, and removing and weighing
freezing-and-thawing test (5.1.2).
themodelingclay.Thevolumelossshallbecalculatedfromthe
5.1.3 Performance Alternative—If information on the per-
bulk density of the modeling clay. The bulk density should be
formance over time of similar units in a similar application
determined on each lot of modeling clay. An alternative
with similar exposure and traffic is furnished by the manufac-
method of determining the weight of clay used in filling the
turer or the manufacturer’s agent and is found acceptable to the
sandblast cavity is to determine the weight of the modeling
specifier of the pavement material or the specifier’s agent, the
clay sample before and after filling the cavity.
physical requirements in 5.1.1 or the size requirements in 7.2
shall not be required.
5.3 Skid Resistance—When specified, the units shall be
tested for skid resistance in accordance with Test Method
5.2 Abrasion Resistance—Each individual brick tested shall
E303.
meet the requirements of either the Abrasion Index column or
the Volume Abrasion Loss column of Table 2.
5.4 Coring—The brick shall be without core holes or other
5.2.1 Abrasion Index—The abrasion index is calculated
perforations.
from the 24-h cold water absorption in percent and the
5.5 Chips or Cracks—The brick shall be free of chips or
compressive strength in pounds per square inch as follows:
cracks larger than those listed in this specification that would
100 3absorption
significantly impair the performance of the system.
abrasion index 5 (1)
compressive strength
6. Efflorescence
5.2.1.1 The compressive strength shall be determined on
half-brick, which are the full height (no less than 2 ⁄4 in. (57
6.1 When specified, the units shall be tested for efflores-
mm)) and width of the unit, and with a length equal to one half
cence in acc
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1272 − 14a C1272 − 14b
Standard Specification for
Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1272; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as a paving material in areas with a high volume of heavy vehicular traffic.
The units are designed for use in such places as streets, commercial driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units are not intended
for applications covered by Specifications C410 or C902.
1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment
at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to
provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232).
1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding, molding, or pressing. Brick may have spacing lugs, chamfered
edges, or both.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
C410 Specification for Industrial Floor Brick
C418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by Sandblasting
C902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
E303 Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Properties Using the British Pendulum Tester
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology C1232.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 heavy vehicular traffıc—high volume of heavy vehicles representing trucks or combination vehicles having 3 or more
loaded axles.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014Dec. 15, 2014. Published September 2014December 2014. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2014
as C1272 – 11a.C1272 – 14a. DOI: 10.1520/C1272-14A.10.1520/C1272-14B.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
High volume is considered to be traffic over 251 daily equivalent single axle loads (ESAL).
4. Classification
4.1 Types—Heavy vehicular paving brick are classified by type according to their intended installation:
4.1.1 Type R—Brick intended to be set in a mortar setting bed supported by an adequate concrete base; or an asphalt setting bed
supported by an adequate asphalt or concrete base.
4.1.2 Type F—Brick intended to be set in a sand setting bed, with sand joints, and supported by an adequate base.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1272 − 14b
4.2 Applications—Heavy vehicular paving brick are classified by application according to their dimensional tolerances,
warpage, and extent of chips.
4.2.1 Application PS—Pavers intended for general use.
4.2.2 Application PX—Pavers intended for use where a higher degree of precision and a lower permissible variation in
dimensional tolerances and warpage are required than for Application PS.
4.2.3 Application PA—Pavers intended to produce characteristic architectural effects resulting from nonuniformity in size, color,
and texture.
5. Physical Properties
5.1 Freeze Thaw Resistance—Use one of the following methods:
5.1.1 Physical Property Requirements—The brick shall conform to the physical requirements for the type specified as prescribed
in Table 1.
5.1.2 Freezing and Thawing Alternative—The 24-h cold water absorption requirements specified in 5.1.1 shall not be required
provided a sample of five brick, meeting all other requirements, passes the 50 cycle freezing-and-thawing test in Test Methods C67
with not greater than 0.5 % loss in dry weight of any individual unit.
NOTE 1—The provisions of 5.1.2 are specified only as an alternative when the sample does not conform to the requirements 24-h for cold water
absorption prescribed in Table 1.
5.1.2.1 Sulfate Soundness Test Alternative—The 24-h cold water absorption requirements specified in 5.1.1 shall not be required
if a representative sample of five brick survives 15 cycles of the sulfate soundness test in accordance with Sections 4, 5, and 8 of
Test Method C88 with no visible damage.
NOTE 2—The sulfate soundness test is an optional substitute test for the freezing-and-thawing test (5.1.2).
5.1.3 Performance Alternative—If information on the performance over time of similar units in a similar application with
similar exposure and traffic is furnished by the manufacturer or the manufacturer’s agent and is found acceptable to the specifier
of the pavement material or the specifier’s agent, the physical requirements in 5.1.1 or the size requirements in 7.2 shall not be
required.
5.2 Abrasion Resistance—Each individual brick tested shall meet the requirements of either the Abrasion Index column or the
Volume Abrasion Loss column of Table 2.
5.2.1 Abrasion Index—The abrasion index is calculated from the 24-h cold water absorption in percent and the compressive
strength in pounds per square inch as follows:
100 3absorption
abrasion index 5 (1)
compressive strength
5.2.1.1 The compressive strength shall be determined on half-brick, which are the full height (no less than 2 ⁄4 in. (57 mm)) and
width of the unit, and with a length equal to one half the full length of the unit (6 ⁄4 in. (66 mm) for each dimension). For abrasion
index testing purposes, the brick shall be without core holes, frogs or other perforations. Other shaped specimens may be used
provided that a correlation is established with the results of the specified shape and the results are converted to be equivalent to
those that would be obtained with the specified shape.
5.2.1.2 In those cases where the height requirements for determining compressive strength cannot be met, the abrasion
resistance should be determined according to the volume abrasion loss method.
5.2.2 Volume Abrasion Loss—The volume abrasion loss should be determined in accordance with Test Method C418, with the
following changes in procedure:
5.2.2.1 The sand shall be a natural silica sand from Ottawa, IL, graded to pass a No. 50 (300-μm) sieve and retained on a No.
100 (150-μm) sieve.
5.2.2.2 The test shall be run on dry brick.
5.2.2.3 The duration of the test shall be 2 min.
5.2.2.4 The rate of sand flow shall be 400 g/min.
5.2.2.5 The volume loss shall be determined by filling the abraded depression with modeling clay, striking off level with the
original surface of the brick, and removing and weighing the modeling clay. The volume loss shall be calculated from the bulk
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
Minimum Compressive Strength, Gross Minimum Breaking Load, Maximum Cold Water
Type
Area, psi (MPa) lb/in. (kN/mm) Absorption, %
Avg. of 5 Brick Individual Avg. of 5 Brick Individual Avg. of 5 Brick Individual
R 8000 (55.2) 7000 (48.3) . . . . . . 6.0 7.0
F 10 000 (69.0) 8800 (60.7) 475 (83) 333 (58) 6.0 7.0
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.