ASTM B774-00(2014)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Low Melting Point Alloys
Standard Specification for Low Melting Point Alloys
ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys and soldiers, including bismuth-tin, bismuth-lead, bismuth-tin-lead, bismuth-tin-lead-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium, indium-lead, indium-lead-silver, and indium-tin joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for support and removable borders; radiation shielding; fusible plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting. This specification shall include those alloys having liquidus temperature not exceeding the melting point of the tin lead eutectic, and alloys in the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in the form of solid ribbon and wire. The composition of the alloys shall conform to the chemical requirements for bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium, indium, silver, copper, antimony, and zinc. Alloys shall be tested and shall conform to specified values for alloy freezing point, and powder mesh size.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys and solders, including bismuth-tin, bismuth-lead, bismuth-tin-lead, bismuth-tin-lead-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium, indium-lead, and indium-lead-silver, and indium-tin joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for support and removable borders; radiation shielding; fusible plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting.
1.1.1 This specification shall include those alloys having a liquidus temperature not exceeding 361°F (183°C), the melting point of the tin lead eutectic.
1.1.2 This specification includes low-melting point alloys in the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in the form of solid ribbon and wire.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:B774 −00 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
Low Melting Point Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
2.2 Military Standard:
1.1 This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys
MIL-STD 129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
and solders, including bismuth-tin, bismuth-lead, bismuth-tin-
2.3 Federal Standard:
lead, bismuth-tin-lead-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium-
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium, indium-lead, and indium-
lead-silver, and indium-tin joining together two or more metals
3. Terminology
at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for
3.1 Definitions:
support and removable borders; radiation shielding; fusible
3.1.1 producer, n—the primary manufacturer of the mate-
plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting.
rial.
1.1.1 This specification shall include those alloys having a
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
liquidus temperature not exceeding 361°F (183°C), the melting
3.2.1 liquidus, n—the lowest temperature at which an alloy
point of the tin lead eutectic.
is fully transformed from a solid to a liquid.
1.1.2 This specification includes low-melting point alloys in
the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in
3.2.2 lot, n—the term “lot” as used in this specification shall
the form of solid ribbon and wire.
be defined as follows: for solid alloy metal, a lot shall consist
of all the metal of the same time designation, produced from
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
the same batch of raw materials under essentially the same
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conditions, and offered for inspection at one time.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard. 3.2.3 lot number, n—the term “lot number” as used in this
specification refers to a numerical designation for a lot that is
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
traceable to a date of manufacture.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
3.2.4 solidus, n—the highest temperature at which an alloy
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
is fully transformed from a liquid to a solid.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
4. Classification
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
4.1 Type Designation—The type designation shall use the
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. following symbols to properly identify the material:
4.1.1 Alloy Composition—The composition is identified by
2. Referenced Documents three numbers that relate to the melting point in degrees
2 Fahrenheit where it is eutectic or six numbers where it is a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
range alloy.
E55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and
4.1.2 Form—The form is indicated by a single letter in
Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
accordance with Table 1.
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in
4.1.3 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size is identi-
fied by a size symbol number (Table 2).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
5. Ordering Information
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall indi-
B02.02 on Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
cate the following information, as required, to adequately
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B774 – 00 (2010).
describe the desired material:
DOI: 10.1520/B0774-00R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B774−00 (2014)
TABLE 1 Form analysis may be required and limits established for elements or com-
pounds not specified in Table 3.
Symbol Form
B bar
8. Physical and Performance Requirements
I ingot
P powder
8.1 Alloy must freeze within 2°F of its solidus.
R ribbon
S special (includes pellets, preforms, shot, etc.
8.2 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size shall be as
W wire
specified in 5.1.1 and 4.1.3.
9. Dimensions and Unit Weight
TABLE 2 Powder Mesh Size
9.1 Bar and Ingot—The dimensions and unit weight of bar
Size Symbol Powder Mesh Size
3 325 and ingot shall be agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
2 200
9.2 Wire (Solid)—The dimensions and unit weight of wire
1 100
alloys shall be as specified in 5.1.3 and 5.1.4. The tolerance on
the specified outside diameter shall be 65% or 60.002 in.
(0.05 mm), whichever is greater.
5.1.1 Type designation (see 4.1),
5.1.2 Detailed requirements for special forms,
9.3 Other Forms:
5.1.3 Dimensions of ribbon and wire solder (see 9.2),
9.3.1 Dimensions for ribbon and special forms shall be as
5.1.4 Unit weight,
agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
5.1.5 Packaging (see Section 18),
9.3.2 The unit weight of alloy powder shall be as specified
5.1.6 Marking (see Section 17),
in 5.1.4.
5.1.7 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,
marked on the purchase order and on the package or spool, and 10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
5.1.8 Special requirements, as agreed upon between sup-
10.1 All forms of the alloys shall be processed in such a
plier and purchaser.
manner as to be uniform in quality and free of defects that will
affect life, serviceability, or appearance.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 The producer shall use care to have each lot of alloy as
11. Sampling for Chemical Analysis
uniforminqualityaspracticableandofsatisfactoryappearance
11.1 Care must be taken to ensure that the sample selected
in accordance with the best industrial practices. Each bar,
for testing is representative of the material. The method of
ingot, or other form in which the alloy is sold shall be uniform
sampling shall consist of one of the following methods:
in composition within the entire lot.
11.1.1 Samplesmaybetakenfromthefinalsolidifiedcastor
fabricated product.
7. Chemical Composition
11.1.2 Representative samples may be obtained from the lot
7.1 The composition of the alloys covered by this specifi-
of molten metal during casting. The molten sample shall be
cation shall be as shown in Table 3.
poured into a cool mold, forming a bar approximately 0.25 in.
(6.4 mm) thick.
NOTE 1—By mutual agreement between the supplier and the purchaser,
TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements Composition, wt. %
(range or maximum rules)
Alloy Constituents — wt % Melting Points
Designation Solidus Liquidus
Bi Pb Sn Cd In Ag Cu Sb Zn °F °C °F °C
117 44.2–45.2 22.1–23.1 7.8–8.8 4.8–5.8 18.6–19.6 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 117 47 117 47
129–133 48.14–50.14 16.92–18.92 10.55–12.55 129 54 133 56
136 48.5–49.5 17.5–18.5 11.5–12.5 0.005 20.5–21.5 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 136 58 136 58
158 49.5–50.5 26.2–27.2 12.8–13.8 9.5–10.5 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 158 70
158–165 49.5–50.5 24.45–25.45 12.0–13.0 12.0–13.0 0.10 158 70 165 74
158–190 42.0–43.0 37.2–38.2 10.8–11.8 8.0–9.0 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 190 88
174 56.5–57.5 0.05 16.5–17.5 0.005 25.5–26.5 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 174 79 174 79
203 52.0–53.0 31.5–32.5 15.0–16.0 0.005 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 203 95 203 95
203–239 49.5–50.5 24.5–25.5 24.5–25.5 203 95 239 115
216–217 53.5–54.5 25.5–26.5 19.5–20.5 216 102 217 103
255 55.0–56.0 44.0–45.0 0.01 0.005 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 255 124 255 124
281 57.5–58.5 0.05 41.5–42.5 0.005 0.008 0.01 0.08 0.1 0.08 281 138 281 138
281–338 39.5–40.5 0.05 59.5–60.5 0.005 0.008 0.01 0.08 0.1 0.08 281 138 338 170
291–325 13.5–14.5 42.5–43.5 42.5–43.5 0.005 0.008 0.01 0.08 0.1 0.08 291 144 325 163
244 0.01 0.05 47.5–48.5 0.005 51.5–52.5
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B774 − 00 (Reapproved 2010) B774 − 00 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
Low Melting Point Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys and solders, including bismuth-tin, bismuth-lead, bismuth-tin-lead,
bismuth-tin-lead-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium, indium-lead, and indium-lead-silver, and
indium-tin joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for support and removable
borders; radiation shielding; fusible plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting.
1.1.1 This specification shall include those alloys having a liquidus temperature not exceeding 361°F (183°C), the melting point
of the tin lead eutectic.
1.1.2 This specification includes low-melting point alloys in the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in
the form of solid ribbon and wire.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
2.2 Military Standard:
MIL-STD 129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.3 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 producer, n—the primary manufacturer of the material.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 liquidus, n—the lowest temperature at which an alloy is fully transformed from a solid to a liquid.
3.2.2 lot, n—the term “lot” as used in this specification shall be defined as follows: for solid alloy metal, a lot shall consist of
all the metal of the same time designation, produced from the same batch of raw materials under essentially the same conditions,
and offered for inspection at one time.
3.2.3 lot number, n—the term “lot number” as used in this specification refers to a numerical designation for a lot that is
traceable to a date of manufacture.
3.2.4 solidus, n—Thethe highest temperature at which an alloy is fully transformed from a liquid to a solid.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.02 on Refined
Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2014. Published April 2010October 2014. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
ε1
B774 - 00 (2005)B774 . – 00 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/B0774-00R10.10.1520/B0774-00R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B774 − 00 (2014)
4. Classification
4.1 Type Designation—The type designation shall use the following symbols to properly identify the material:
4.1.1 Alloy Composition—The composition is identified by three numbers that relate to the melting point in degrees Fahrenheit
where it is eutectic or six numbers where it is a range alloy.
4.1.2 Form—The form is indicated by a single letter in accordance with Table 1.
4.1.3 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size is identified by a size symbol number (Table 2).
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall indicate the following information, as required, to adequately describe the
desired material:
5.1.1 Type designation (see 4.1),
5.1.2 Detailed requirements for special forms,
5.1.3 Dimensions of ribbon and wire solder (see 9.2),
5.1.4 Unit weight,
5.1.5 Packaging (see Section 18),
5.1.6 Marking (see Section 17),
5.1.7 ASTM specification designation and year of issue, marked on the purchase order and on the package or spool, and
5.1.8 Special requirements, as agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 The producer shall use care to have each lot of alloy as uniform in quality as practicable and of satisfactory appearance in
accordance with the best industrial practices. Each bar, ingot, or other form in which the alloy is sold shall be uniform in
composition within the entire lot.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The composition of the alloys covered by this specification shall be as shown in Table 3.
NOTE 1—By mutual agreement between the supplier and the purchaser, analysis may be required and limits established for elements or compounds
not specified in Table 3.
8. Physical and Performance Requirements
8.1 Alloy must freeze within 2°F of its solidus.
8.2 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size shall be as specified in 5.1.1 and 4.1.3.
9. Dimensions and Unit Weight
9.1 Bar and Ingot—The dimensions and unit weight of bar and ingot shall be agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
9.2 Wire (Solid)—The dimensions and unit weight of wire alloys shall be as specified in 5.1.3 and 5.1.4. The tolerance on the
specified outside diameter shall be 65 % or 60.002 in. (0.05 mm), whichever is greater.
9.3 Other Forms:
9.3.1 Dimensions for ribbon and special forms shall be as agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
9.3.2 The unit weight of alloy powder shall be as specified in 5.1.4.
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
10.1 All forms of the alloys shall be processed in such a manner as to be uniform in quality and free of defects that will affect
life, serviceability, or appearance.
11. Sampling for Chemical Analysis
11.1 Care must be taken to ensure that the sample selected for testing is representative of the material. The method of sampling
shall consist of one of the following methods:
TABLE 1 Form
Symbol Form
B bar
I ingot
P powder
R ribbon
S special (includes pellets, preforms, shot, etc.
W wire
B774 − 00 (2014)
TABLE 2 Powder Mesh Size
Size Symbol Powder Mesh Size
3 325
2 200
1 100
11.1.1 Samples may be taken from the final solidified cast or fabricated product.
11.1.2 Representative samples may be obtained from the lot of molten metal during casting. The molten sample shall be poured
into a cool mold, forming a bar approximately 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) thick.
11.2 Frequency of Sampling—Frequency of sampling for determination of chemical composition shall be in accordance with
Table 4. For spools and coils, the sample shall be obtained by cutting back 6 ft (1.8 m) of wire from the free end and then taking
the next 6 ft for test. In other forms, an equivalent sample shall be selected at random from the container.
11.3 Other Aspects of Sampling—Other aspects of sampling shall conform, in the case of bar and ingots, to Practice E88. For
fabricated alloys the appropriate reference is Practice E55.
12. Sample Preparation
12.1 Bar and Ingot—Each sample piece shall be cut in half, and one half marked with sampling date and composition, and shall
be held in reserve. The remaining half shall be melted in a clean container, mixed thoroughly and poured into a cool mold, forming
a bar approximately 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) thick. Sampling may be performed by one of the following methods:
12.1.1 Sawing—If it is impractical to melt the bar or ingot as specified in 12.1, saw cuts shall be made across each piece at equal
intervals of not more than 1 in. (25 mm) throughout its
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