B07 - Light Metals and Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 HIP of castings should be performed in the as cast condition. Post HIP inspection of castings should result in a reduction of porosity that is evident in x-ray grade and properties.  
4.2 HIP will not eliminate inclusions or surface-connected porosity in a casting.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers requirements for hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of aluminum alloy castings. HIPing is a process in which components are subjected to the simultaneous application of heat and high pressure in an inert gas medium. The process is to be used for the reduction of internal (non-surface connected) porosity. The document is to describe the general parameters of the HIP process, describe certification procedures and a description that the process has been followed. It is not intended to be a description of a heat treating procedure. This is not meant to supersede an end user’s specification where one exists.2  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers Aluminum 1350 bar for electric conductors in the tempers. The tempers are designated as H12, H112, and H111. The products covered by this specification shall be produced by extruding or rolling. Bars in the H12 temper shall be furnished with a rolled mill finish; bars in the H111 temper, with an as-extruded mill finish; and bars in the H112 temper, with a rolled mill finish except that the edges shall be as sawed. The bars shall be subjected to tension test to determine their tensile and yield strengths. Bars in the H12, and H111, and H112 tempers shall be capable of being bent flatwise at room temperature, through an angle of 90° around a pin or mandrel having a radius equal to the thickness of the specimen, without cracking or evidence of slivers or other imperfections. For a flatwise bend, the pin or mandrel shall be 90° from the working (extrusion or rolling) direction, and across the greater (width) dimension of the bar. The required 90° bend shall be in the working (extrusion or rolling) direction. Bars in the H12 and H111 tempers whose width-to-thickness ratios are not in excess of 12 and whose width is 100 mm or less, shall be capable of being bent at room temperature edgewise 90° around a mandrel without cracking or localized thinning to less than 90 % of the maximum thickness within the central 60° of the bend when measured along the outer edge of the bend. Electrical resistivity and conductivity shall be measured.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers Aluminum 1350 bar for electric conductors in the tempers shown in Table 1.  
1.2 Aluminum and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M). The equivalent Unified Numbering System designation is A91350 in accordance with Practice E527.  
Note 1: For Alloy 6101 bus conductors, refer to Specification B317/B317M.
Note 2: Prior to 1975, Aluminum 1350 was designated as EC aluminum.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy extruded round tubes either in coils or straight lengths, for general purpose applications such as refrigeration service, gas lines, oil lines, and instrument lines, in the alloys and tempers. Chemical composition: silicon, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, chromium, zinc, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum. Tubes produced shall be cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process and naturally aged to a substantially stable condition. The specimen shall then undergo tests to check leakage and any evidence of leak shall be a cause for rejection. The ends of tubes in selected tempers shall be capable of being expanded by forcing a steel pin into the tube without signs of cracks, ruptures, or other defects clearly visible by normal vision. The tubes shall be supplied in the mill finish and shall be uniform as defined by the requirements of this specification and shall be commercially sound. Each tube shall be examined to determine conformance to this specification with respect to general quality and identification marking.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy extruded round tubes either in coils or straight lengths, for general purpose applications such as refrigeration service, gas lines, oil lines, and instrument lines, in the alloys (Note 2) and tempers shown in Table 2 [Table 3], in outside diameters of 0.250 in. through 0.750 in. [6.00 mm through 20.00 mm]. For diameters over 0.500 in. through 0.750 in. [over 12.50 mm through 20.00 mm], the diameter and wall-thickness tolerances and eddy-current test parameters, if required, shall be agreed upon by the producer and the purchaser. Only tubes in aluminum 1200-H111 and 1235-H111 are sized after extrusion to minimize ovalness.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M). The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9 (for example, A91050 for aluminum 1050), in accordance with Practice E527.  
Note 1: For extruded tubes see Specifications B221 or B221M, and for drawn tubes for general-purpose applications see Specification B483/B483M.
Note 2: Throughout this specification the term alloy  in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 3: For inch-pound orders specify B491; for metric orders specify B491M. Do not mix units.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standards. The SI units are shown either in brackets or in separate tables. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from two systems will result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers 6101 aluminum-alloy extruded bar, rod, tube, pipe, (Schedules 40 and 80), structural profiles, and profiles in selected tempers for use as electric conductors. The bars, rods, tubes, pipes, structural profiles and profiles shall be produced by hot extrusion or by similar methods. Pipe or tube may be produced through porthole or bridge type dies. Tensile properties of the specimens such as tensile and yield strengths and bending shall be determined by tension test and bending test, respectively. Electrical resistivity and conductivity shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers 6101 aluminum-alloy extruded bar, rod, tube, pipe, (Schedules 40 and 80), structural profiles, and profiles in selected tempers for use as electric conductors as follows:  
1.1.1 Type B—Hot-finished bar, rod, tube, pipe, structural profiles and profiles in T6, T61, T63, T64, T65, and H111 tempers with Type B tolerances, as shown in the “List of ANSI Tables of Dimensional Tolerances.”  
1.1.2 Type C—Hot-finished rectangular bar in T6, T61, T63, T64, T65, and H111 tempers with Type C tolerances as listed in the tolerances and permissible variations tables.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designation in accordance with Practice E527 is A96101 for Alloy 6101.  
Note 1: Type A material, last covered in the 1966 issue of this specification, is no longer available; therefore, requirements for cold-finished rectangular bar have been deleted.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
These practices describe methods of packaging/packing aluminum and magnesium products, in preparation for storage or shipment, both foreign and domestic. These practices are designed to deliver the products to their destination in good condition. Aluminum and magnesium products must be preserved and packed so as to be adequately protected from possible damage during shipment and storage. Major damage type are: mechanical and corrosion or water stain. These practices are classified according to levels of protection: Level A and commercial packaging.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices describe methods of packaging/packing aluminum and magnesium products, in preparation for storage or shipment, both foreign and domestic. Assuming proper and normal handling in transit, these practices are designed to deliver the products to their destination in good condition. For DOD redistribution, see Supplementary Requirements.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 Aluminum and magnesium products must be preserved and packed so as to be adequately protected from possible damage during shipment and storage. Major damage types are:  
1.3.1 Mechanical, including bending, crushing, denting, scratching, or gouging during handling and storage; and abrasions resulting from vibration during transport of the material.  
1.3.2 Corrosion, or water stain, resulting from exposure of packed material to water, either externally applied, or as condensate caused by temperature variations in a humid atmosphere.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers high magnesium marine application aluminum-alloy in those alloy tempers for flat sheet, coiled sheet, and plate, in the mill finish that are intended for marine and similar environments. An inspection lot shall consist of an identifiable quantity of material of the same mill form, alloy, temper, cast or melt lot, and thickness, subjected to inspection at one time. The material shall be supplied in the mill finish and shall be uniform as defined by the requirements of this specification and shall be commercially sound. Each coil, sheet and plate shall be examined to determine conformance to this specification with respect to general quality and identification marking. One sample shall be taken from each end of each parent coil, or parent plate. Alloy-tempers are manufactured and corrosion tested for intended use in marine hull construction or in marine applications where frequent or constant direct contact with seawater is expected. The specimen shall be capable of exhibiting resistance to intergranular corrosion as indicated by an acceptable mass-loss when tested and shall also be capable of exhibiting no evidence of exfoliation or corrosion. Under metallographic examination, the microstructure of a sample from each production lot shall be compared to that of the producer-established reference photomicrograph of acceptable material, in the same thickness range. Each shipping container shall be marked with the purchase order number, material size, specification number, alloy and temper, gross and net weights, and the producer's name or trademark.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high magnesium aluminum-alloy products in the mill finish condition that are intended for marine hull construction and other marine applications where frequent or constant direct contact with seawater is expected and for similar environments (Note 1). Aluminum alloy products covered by this specification include the alloy-tempers of flat sheet, coiled sheet, and plate shown in Table 2 [Table 3] and Table 4 [Table 5], and alloy-tempers of extruded profiles shown in Table 6 [Table 7].
Note 1: There are other aluminum alloy-temper products that may be suitable for use in marine and similar environments, but which may not require the corrosion resistance testing specified by B928/B928M. See Specification B209/B209M for other aluminum sheet and plate alloy-temper products. For other aluminum extruded alloy-temper products see Specification B221 or B221M and/or other relevant specifications for aluminum extruded products.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1 (M). The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A95083 for 5083 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units (Table 3 and Table 5) or inch-pound units (Table 2 and Table 4) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of each other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers rolled or cold-finished aluminum and aluminum-alloy bar, rod, and wire and includes the following UNS alloy designations: A91060, A91100, A92011, A92014, A92017, A92024, A92219, A93003, A95052, A95056, A95154, A96061, A96110, A96262, and A97075. The temper conditions covered by this specification include: O, H14, H18, H12, H16, H112, F, T3, T4, T42, T451, T6, T62, T651, T36, T351, T851, H32, H34, H36, H38, H111, H192, H392, T 89, T94, T9, T73, and T7351. The products shall be produced either by hot extruding and cold finishing or by hot rolling with or without cold finishing. Bars, rods, and wires shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for aluminum, silicon, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, chromium, zinc, bismuth, lead, and titanium, and to the specified tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Requirements for quality assurance, heat treatment, chemical analysis, tension test, heat-treat response, bend testing, and stress-corrosion resistance and stress-corrosion cracking test are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers rolled or cold-finished bar, rod, and wire in alloys (Note 1) and tempers as shown in Table 2 [Table 3].  
Note 1: Throughout this specification use of the term alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: The term cold finished is used to indicate the type of surface finish, sharpness of angles, and dimensional tolerances produced by drawing through a die.
Note 3: See Specification B221 [B221M] for aluminum and aluminum-alloy extruded bars, rods, wire, shapes, and tubes; and Specification B316/B316M for aluminum and aluminum-alloy rivet and cold-heading wire and rods.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent UNS alloy designations shall be in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The Barcol Impressor is portable and therefore useful for in situ determination of the hardness of fabricated parts and individual test specimens for production control purposes.  
4.2 This test method should be used only as cited in applicable material specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation hardness of aluminum alloys using a Barcol Impressor.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.2.1 Some Barcol Impressors are for use on plastics and are not included in this test method and should not be used for aluminum alloys.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers magnesium-alloy sand castings. The castings shall conform to the chemical composition limits specified. The castings may be subjected to such heat treatment as deemed necessary to produce material that will conform to the requirements specified. Heat treatment shall be performed on the whole casting and never on a portion. Foundry control shall consist of examination of the castings by radiographic or other approved methods for determining internal discontinuities until the gating, pouring, and other foundry practices have been established to produce castings meeting the quality standards. The tension test specimens representing the castings shall conform to the requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers magnesium-alloy sand castings designated as shown in Table 1.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tension tests provide information on the strength and ductility of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses. This information may be useful in comparisons of materials, alloy development, quality control, and design under certain circumstances.  
4.2 The results of tension tests of specimens machined to standardized dimensions from selected portions of a part or material may not totally represent the strength and ductility properties of the entire end product or its in-service behavior in different environments.  
4.3 These test methods are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments and have been used extensively in the trade for this purpose.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the tension testing of wrought and cast aluminum- and magnesium-alloy products, with the exception of aluminum foil,2 and are derived from Test Methods E8M, which cover the tension testing of all metallic materials.
Note 1: These metric test methods are the equivalents of those in Test Methods B557, and are compatible in technical content except for the requirement of longer gage lengths for round specimens.
Note 2: Foil is sheet metal less than 0.20 mm thick. There is an overlap in the thickness range 0.15 mm to 0.20 mm defined for foil and sheet. Sheet products in this thickness range are supplied to sheet product specifications and foil products in this thickness range are supplied to foil product specifications. Exceptions to the provisions of these test methods may need to be made in individual specifications or test methods for a particular material.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The metallurgical properties of magnesium and its alloys are highly dependant on chemical composition. Precise and accurate analyses are essential to obtaining desired properties, meeting customer specifications and helping to reduce scrap due to off-grade material.  
5.2 This test method is applicable to chill cast specimens as defined in Practice B953 and can also be applied to other types of samples provided that suitable reference materials are available.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the analysis of magnesium and its alloys by atomic emission spectrometry. The magnesium specimen to be analyzed may be in the form of a chill cast disk, casting, sheet, plate, extrusion or some other wrought form or shape. The elements covered in the scope of this method are listed in the table below.    
Element  
Mass Fraction Range (Wt %)  
Aluminum  
0.001 to 12.0  
Beryllium  
0.0001 to 0.01  
Boron  
0.0001 to 0.01  
Cadmium  
0.0001 to 0.05  
Calcium  
0.0005 to 0.05  
Cerium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Chromium  
0.0002 to 0.005  
Copper  
0.001 to 0.05  
Dysprosium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Erbium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Gadolinium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Iron  
0.001 to 0.06  
Lanthanum  
0.01 to 1.5  
Lead  
0.005 to 0.1  
Lithium  
0.001 to 0.05  
Manganese  
0.001 to 2.0  
Neodymium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Nickel  
0.0005 to 0.05  
Phosphorus  
0.0002 to 0.01  
Praseodymium  
0.01 to 0.5  
Samarium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Silicon  
0.002 to 5.0  
Silver  
0.001 to 0.2  
Sodium  
0.0005 to 0.01  
Strontium  
0.01 to 4.0  
Tin  
0.002 to 0.05  
Titanium  
0.001 to 0.02  
Yttrium  
0.02 to 7.0  
Ytterbium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Zinc  
0.001 to 10.0  
Zirconium  
0.001 to 1.0
Note 1: The mass fraction ranges given in the above scope are estimates based on two manufacturers observations and data provided by a supplier of atomic emission spectrometers. The range shown for each element does not demonstrate the actual usable analytical range for that element. The usable analytical range may be extended higher or lower based on individual instrument capability, spectral characteristics of the specific element wavelength being used and the availability of appropriate reference materials.  
1.2 This test method is suitable primarily for the analysis of chill cast disks as described in Sampling Practice B953. Other forms may be analyzed, provided that: (1) they are sufficiently massive to prevent undue heating, (2) they allow machining to provide a clean, flat surface which creates a seal between the specimen and the spark stand, and (3) reference materials of a similar metallurgical condition (spectrochemical response) and chemical composition are available.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety and health statements are given in Section 10.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The Webster hardness gage is portable and therefore useful for in situ determination of the hardness of fabricated parts and individual test specimens for production control purposes. It is not as sensitive as Rockwell or Brinell hardness machines; see 10.2.  
4.2 This test method should be used only as cited in applicable material specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation hardness of aluminum alloys with a Webster hardness gage, Model B.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: Two other models, A and B-75, are in use, but are not covered in this test method. Model A does not provide numerical values of hardness and Model B-75 covers only a part of the range of interest for aluminum alloys.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tension tests provide information on the strength and ductility of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses. This information may be useful in comparisons of materials, alloy development, quality control, and design under certain circumstances.  
4.2 The results of tension tests of specimens machined to standardized dimensions from selected portions of a part or material may not totally represent the strength and ductility properties of the entire end product or its in-service behavior in different environments.  
4.3 These test methods are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments and have been used extensively in the trade for this purpose.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the tension testing of wrought and cast aluminum- and magnesium-alloy products, with the exception of aluminum foil,2 and are derived from Test Methods E8, which cover the tension testing of all metallic materials.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Foil is sheet metal less than 0.0079 in. thick. There is an overlap in the thickness range 0.006 to 0.0079 in. defined for foil and sheet. Sheet products in this thickness range are supplied to sheet product specifications and foil products in this thickness range are supplied to foil product specifications. Exceptions to the provisions of these test methods may need to be made in individual specifications or test methods for a particular material.
Note 2: A complete metric companion to Test Methods B557 has been developed—Test Methods B557M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in these test methods.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The intent of this test method is to provide a means of measuring the ultimate shear strength of thin aluminum alloy wrought and cast products. It is recognized that the loading conditions developed by this test method, and by most others, are not ideal in that they do not strictly satisfy the definitions of pure shear. However, rarely do pure shear conditions exist in structures.
Note 1: Results from this test method are not interchangeable with results from Test Methods B565 and B769. Shear strengths obtained by this test method have been shown to differ from values determined with other methods.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers single shear testing of thin wrought and cast aluminum alloy products to determine shear ultimate strengths. It is intended for products that are too thin to be tested according to Test Method B769.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy seamless pipe and seamless extruded tube. The pipe and tube shall be produced from hollow extrusion ingot (cast in hollow form, or drilled, or pierced from solid ingot) and shall be extruded by use of the die and mandrel method. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified. The determination of chemical composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemical (test methods E 34) or spectrochemical (test methods E 227, E 607, and E 1251) methods. Alloys may be solution heat-treated and quenched at the extrusion press in accordance with practice B 807 for the production of T4 and T6-type tempers, as applicable. The material shall conform to the tensile property requirements specified. The tension tests shall be made in accordance with test methods B 557. The stress-corrosion cracking test shall be performed on extruded tube. The stress-corrosion test shall be made in accordance with test method G 47. The aluminum alloy coating of clad tube shall comprise the inside surface (only) of the tube and its thickness shall be approximately 10 % of the total wall thickness of the tube.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers aluminum and aluminum–alloy seamless pipe and seamless extruded round tube in the alloys and tempers shown in Table 1 [Table 2] intended for pressure applications. The standard sizes for seamless pipe are listed in Table 16.7 of ANSI H35.2 and H35.2(M). Nonstandard alloys, tempers, and sizes of pipe are produced as seamless extruded tube. Also included in this standard are seamless extruded pipe and seamless extruded tube for Oil & Gas Transmission previously covered under Specification B345/B345M.  
Note 1: Throughout this specification, use of the term alloy, in the general sense, includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: For drawn seamless tubes, see Specification B210/B210M; for extruded tubes, Specifications B221 and B221M; for drawn seamless tubes for condensers and heat exchangers, Specifications B234 and B234M; for seamless condenser and heat exchanger tubes with integral fins, Specification B429/B429M; and for drawn tube for general purpose applications, Specification B483/B483M.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M). The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 4 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 The SI units are shown either in brackets or in separate tables.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers corrugated aluminum alloy structural plate used in the construction of pipe, pipe-arches, arches, underpasses, box culverts, and special shapes for field assembly. The pipe, arches, and other shapes are generally used for drainage purposes, pedestrian and vehicular underpasses, and utility tunnels. Structural plates shall be fabricated from flat sheets or plates, corrugated, punched for bolted lap seams and curved to the required radius.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers corrugated aluminum alloy structural plate used in the construction of pipe, pipe-arches, arches, underpasses, box culverts, and special shapes for field assembly. Appropriate fasteners are also described. The pipe, arches, and other shapes are generally used for drainage purposes, pedestrian and vehicular underpasses, and utility tunnels. Aluminum box culvert shapes are covered in Specification B864/B864M.  
1.2 This specification does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover load and plate thickness of the pipe. Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of plate thickness, type of bedding and backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in the installation. The purchaser must correlate the above factors and also the corrosion and abrasion requirements of the field installation with the plate thickness. The structural design of corrugated aluminum structural plate pipe and the proper installation procedures are given in Practices B790/B790M and B789/B789M, respectively. A procedure for using life-cycle cost analysis techniques to evaluate alternate drainage system designs using corrugated metal pipe is given in Practice A930.  
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The intent of this method is to provide a means of measuring the ultimate shear strength of aluminum-alloy wrought and cast products. Data obtained by this method are used to calculate minimum properties that can be utilized in the design of structural members such as found in aircraft. It is recognized that loading conditions developed by this method, and by most others, are not ideal in that they do not strictly satisfy the definition of pure shear. However, rarely do pure shear conditions exist in structures.
Note 2: This method is not interchangeable with that described in Test Method B565. Shear strengths obtained by Test Method B565 are about 10 % lower than those developed by this test method.  
5.2 The presence of a lubricant on the surface of the specimen and fixture may result in shear strengths up to 3 % lower than those determined in the absence of lubrication (see 8.1 and Test Method B565).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers double-shear testing of wrought and cast aluminum products to determine shear ultimate strengths.  
Note 1: The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice for plane-strain fracture toughness testing of aluminum alloys may be used as a supplement to Test Method E399. The application of this practice is primarily intended for quality assurance and material release in cases where valid plane-strain fracture toughness data cannot be obtained per Test Method E399.  
5.2 It must be understood that the interpretations and guidelines in this practice do not alter the validity requirements of Test Method E399 or promote the designation of data that are invalid according to Test Method E399 to a “valid” condition. This practice is primarily concerned with cases where it is not possible or practical to obtain valid data, but where material release judgments must be made against specified fracture toughness values. Where it is possible to obtain a valid plane-strain fracture toughness value by replacement testing according to Test Method E399, that is the preferred approach.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is applicable to the fracture toughness testing of all aluminum alloys, tempers, and products, especially in cases where the tests are being made to establish whether or not individual lots meet the requirements of specifications and should be released to customers.  
1.2 Test Method E399 is the basic test method to be used for plane-strain fracture toughness testing of aluminum alloys. The purpose of this practice is to provide supplementary information for plane-strain fracture toughness of aluminum alloys in three main areas:  
1.2.1 Specimen sampling,  
1.2.2 Specimen size selection, and  
1.2.3 Interpretation of invalid test results.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—Certain inch-pound values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.4 This standard is currently written to accommodate only C(T) specimens.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes the controls necessary for production of extrusions cooled from an elevated temperature shaping (extrusion) process for the production of T1, T2, T5 and T10–type tempers. The equipment shall be used for billet preheating, extruding and quenching. Quenching methods may consist of, but are not limited to, air, water or water/glycol mixture in forced air, water spray, fog or mist, standing wave, a quench tank or another pressurized water device, or a combination thereof. Surveillance tests should include tensile properties for all material and metallographic examination to confirm that the elevated temperature shaping process has not resulted in eutectic melting or subsurface porosity from hydrogen diffusion. Specimens shall be sectioned in the plane perpendicular to the direction of the extrusion, polished to an appropriate fineness, mildly etched with an etchant such as Keller’s reagent to reveal any evidence of eutectic melting. Specimens shall also be subjected to tension and hardness tests. During the extrusion process, the following temperature measuring points should be monitored and controlled as per the producer’s internal procedures. The measuring points include but are not limited to: billet or log temperature in the heating equipment, billet or log temperature after heating and before charging into the extrusion press, temperature of the extrudate at the press exit, temperature of the extrudate at quench entry, temperature of the extrudate at the completion of quench, and billet temperature shall not exceed the maximum temperature for the alloy. Artificial aging shall be accomplished using times and temperatures as necessary to achieve required properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes the controls necessary for production of extrusions cooled from an elevated temperature shaping (extrusion) process for the production of T1, T2, T5 and T10-type tempers (see ANSI H35.1/H35.1M).  
1.2 This practice is for production of extruded product supplied in the 6xxx and 7xxx alloys shown in Table 1 in the T1, T2, T5 or T10-type tempers (see ANSI H35.1/H35.1M). It contains pertinent information to be used in establishing production practices and is descriptive rather than prescriptive. For the attainment of T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 and T9-type tempers by extrusion press solution heat treatment, refer to Practice B807/B807M.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Use this test method for acceptance and process control testing. This test method may be used as an alternative to Test Method D1876 when the bond strength is sufficiently high that failure of the pulling tabs may occur before peeling initiates. This test method extends the bond strength measurement range by limiting the bend radius of the sample to concentrate the peeling action at the bond line. The test fixture also uses a smaller specimen size than Test Method D1876.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative peel resistance of cohesive or adhesive bonds between two adherends when tested under specified preparation and testing conditions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are English units provided for information purposes only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, the construction of culverts, and similar uses. Pipe covered by this specification is not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes. All pipe fabricated under this specification shall be formed from aluminum-alloy sheet conforming to the requirements specified. The sheet used in fabricating coupling bands shall conform to the requirements specified. The material used for rivets in riveted pipe shall conform to the requirements specified. Bolts and nuts for coupling bands shall conform to the required specification. If gaskets are used in couplings, they shall be a band of expanded rubber meeting the specified requirements. The fabrication requirements for type I, type II, type IA, and type IR pipe are presented. The corrugations shall be either annular or helical as provided. The different pipe requirements like pipe dimensions, sheet thickness, pipe-arch dimensions, longitudinal seams, and perforations are presented in details. Field joints for each type of corrugated aluminum pipe shall maintain pipe alignment during construction and prevent infiltration of fill material during the life of the installation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, the construction of culverts, and similar uses. Pipe covered by this specification is not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes.  
1.2 This specification does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth-cover load and sheet thickness of the pipe. Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of sheet thickness, type of bedding and backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in the installation. The purchaser must correlate the above factors and also the corrosion and abrasion requirements of the field installation with the sheet thickness. The structural design of corrugated aluminum pipe and the proper installation procedures are given in Practices B790/B790M and B788/B788M, respectively. A procedure for using life-cycle cost analysis techniques to evaluate alternative drainage system designs using corrugated metal pipe is given in Practice A930.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The property KIc, determined by Test Method E399 or ISO 12135, characterizes a material's resistance to fracture in a neutral environment and in the presence of a sharp crack subjected to an applied opening force or moment within a field of high constraint to lateral plastic flow (plane strain condition). A KIc value is considered to be a lower limiting value of fracture toughness associated with the plane strain state.  
4.1.1 Thermal quenching processes used with precipitation hardened aluminum alloy products can introduce significant residual stresses.5 Mechanical stress relief procedures (stretching, compression) are commonly used to relieve these residual stresses in products with simple shapes. However, in the case of mill products with thick cross-sections (for example, heavy gauge plate or large hand forgings) or complex shapes (for example, closed die forgings, complex open die forgings, stepped extrusions, castings), complete mechanical stress relief is not always possible. In other instances residual stresses may be introduced into a product during fabrication operations such as straightening, forming, or welding operations.
Note 1: For the purposes of this guide, only bulk residual stress is considered (that is, of the type typically created during a quench process for thermal heat treatment) and not engineered residual stress, such as from shot peening or cold hole expansion.  
4.1.2 Specimens taken from such products that contain residual stress will likewise themselves contain residual stress. While the act of specimen extraction in itself partially relieves and redistributes the pattern of original stress, the remaining magnitude can still be appreciable enough to cause significant error in the test result.  
4.1.3 Residual stress is a non-proportional internal stress that is superimposed on the applied stress and results in an actual crack-tip stress-intensity factor that is different from one based solely on externally applied forces or di...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers supplementary guidelines for plane-strain fracture toughness testing of aluminum products for which complete stress relief is not practicable. Guidelines for recognizing when residual stresses may be significantly biasing test results are presented, as well as methods for minimizing the effects of residual stress during testing. This guide also provides guidelines for an empirical correction as well as interpretation of data produced during the testing of these products. Test Method E399 is the standard test method to be used for plane-strain fracture toughness testing of aluminum alloys.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice is intended for the structural design of corrugated aluminum pipe and pipe-arches, and aluminum structural plate pipe, pipe-arches, and arches for use as culverts, storm sewers, and other buried conduits. This practice is for pipe installed in a trench or embankment and subjected to highway, railroad, and aircraft loadings. It must be recognized that buried corrugated aluminum pipes are composite structures made up of the aluminum ring and the soil envelope, and both elements play a vital part in the structural design. Corrugated aluminum pipe and pipe-arches shall be of annular fabrication using riveted seams, or of helical fabrication having a continuous lockseam. Structural plate pipe, pipe-arches, and arches shall be fabricated in separate plates that when assembled at the job site by bolting form the required shape. The design load or pressure on a pipe is comprised of earth load, live load, and impact load. Strength requirements for wall strength, buckling strength, and seam strength may be determined by either the allowable stress design (ASD) method (involves calculation of required wall area and critical buckling stress) or the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) method (involves calculation of factored loads, factored thrust, factored resistance, wall resistance, and seam resistance). Requirements for handling and installation rigidity and minimum cover are detailed. Design considerations for deflection, smooth-line pipe, spiral-rib pipe, pipe-arch, pipe materials, soil, minimum spacing, end treatment, abrasive or corrosive conditions, construction and installation, and structural plate arches are provided.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for the structural design of corrugated aluminum pipe and pipe-arches, and aluminum structural plate pipe, pipe-arches, and arches for use as culverts and storm sewers and other buried conduits. This practice is for pipe installed in a trench or embankment and subjected to highway, railroad, and aircraft loadings. It must be recognized that a buried corrugated aluminum pipe is a composite structure made up of the aluminum ring and the soil envelope, and both elements play a vital part in the structural design of this type of structure.  
1.2 Corrugated aluminum pipe and pipe-arches shall be of annular fabrication using riveted seams, or of helical fabrication having a continuous lockseam.  
1.3 Structural plate pipe, pipe-arches, and arches are fabricated in separate plates that when assembled at the job site by bolting form the required shape.  
1.4 This practice is applicable to design in inch-pound units as Specification B790 or in SI units as Specification B790M. Inch-pound units and SI units are not necessarily equivalent. SI units are shown in brackets in the text for clarity, but they are the applicable values when the design is done in accordance with Specification B790M.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers magnesium-alloy extruded bars, rods, profiles, tubes, and wire. The bars, rods, profiles, tubes, or wire shall conform to the chemical requirements specified. Tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of magnesium alloys shall be determined. All material shall be of uniform quality, free from injurious surface defects, and shall have a workmanlike finish.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers magnesium-alloy extruded bars, rods, profiles, tubes, and wire of the composition given in Table 1.    
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standards. The SI units are shown in brackets or in separate tables or columns. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.3 Unless the order specifies the “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy flat sheet, coiled sheet, and plate in the alloys (Note 1) and tempers shown in Tables 2, 3, 4, and 5, and in the following finishes:  
1.1.1 Plate in all alloys and sheet in heat-treatable alloys: mill finish.  
1.1.2 Sheet in nonheat-treatable alloys: mill finish, one-side bright mill finish, standard one-side bright finish, and standard two-sides bright finish.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.
Note 1: Throughout this specification, use of the term alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: See Specification B632/B632M for tread plate.
Note 3: See Specification B928/B928M for 5xxx-H116 and 5xxx-H321 aluminum alloys containing 3 % or more nominal magnesium and intended for marine service and similar environments. Other alloy-temper products listed in this specification, which do not require the additional corrosion testing/capability called out in Specification B928/B928M, may be suitable for marine and similar environment applications.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy drawn tube and drawnpipe in straight lengths and tube in coils for general purpose applications and climate control (HVAC) in the alloys (Note 2) and tempers shown in Tables 1-3. Coiled tubes are generally available only as round tubes with a wall thickness not exceeding 0.083 in. [2.00 mm] and only in non-heat-treatable alloys.
Note 1: For drawn seamless tubes, see Specification B210/B210M, for drawn seamless tubes to be used in condensers and heat exchangers, Specifications B234 and B234M, and for seamless pipe and tube, Specification B241/B241M. For extruded structural tube and pipe, see Specification B429/B429M.
Note 2: This specification’s use of the term alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.    
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified Number System alloy designations are those of Table 4 preceded by A9, for example A91060 for aluminum 1060 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers extruded bars, rods, wires, profiles, and tubes made from aluminum and aluminum alloys. All the products should be produced by hot extrusion or similar methods. The chemical composition of each material is determined in accordance with the specified suitable chemical and spectrochemical test methods. Samples for chemical analysis should be taken when the ingots are poured or from the finished or semi-finished products by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping. Tensile properties, elongation, and yield strengths of each product should conform to the requirements listed herein. Elongation requirements are not applicable for materials with sizes smaller than the specified limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy extruded bars, rods, wire, profiles, and tubes in the aluminum alloys (Note 1) and tempers shown in Table 2.  
Note 1: Throughout this specification, the use of the term  alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: For rolled or cold-finished bar and rod refer to Specification B211/B211M, for drawn seamless tube used in pressure applications, Specification B210/B210M, for structural pipe and tube, Specification B429/B429M, and for seamless pipe and tube used in pressure applications, Specification B241/B241M.
Note 3: Pipe and tube products listed in this specification are intended for general purpose applications. This specification may not address the manufacturing processes, integrity testing, and verification required for fluid-carrying applications involving pressure. See Specifications B210/B210M or B241/B241M, or both as appropriate, for seamless pipe and tube used in fluid-carrying applications involving pressure. See Specification B234, as appropriate, for use in surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9; for example, A91100 for Aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 A complete metric companion to Specification B221 has been developed—Specification B221M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy extruded bars, rods, wires, profiles, and tubes in the aluminum alloys (Note 1) and tempers shown in Table 2.  
Note 1: Throughout this specification the use of the term  alloy  in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: For rolled or cold-finished bars and rods refer to Specification B211/B211M, for drawn seamless tube used in pressure applications, Specification B210/B210M, for structural pipe and tube, Specification B429/B429M, and for seamless pipe and tube used in pressure applications, Specification B241/B241M.
Note 3: Pipe and tube products listed in this specification are intended for general purpose applications. This specification may not address the manufacturing processes, integrity testing, and verification required for fluid-carrying applications involving pressure. See Specification B210/B210M, B241/B241M, or both as appropriate for seamless pipe and tube used in fluid-carrying applications involving pressure. See Specification B234M, as appropriate, for use in surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for Aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 This specification is the metric counterpart of Specification B221.  
1.5 The values stated in SI are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this specification.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice, used in conjunction with the following quantitative atomic emission spectrochemical test method, B954, is suitable for use in manufacturing control, material or product acceptance, certification, and research and development.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the sampling of magnesium and magnesium-base alloys to obtain a chill-cast sample suitable for quantitative atomic emission spectrochemical analysis. The disk in the region to be excited is representative of the melt and gives a repeatability of results that approach that of the reference materials used.  
1.2 This practice describes the procedure for representative sampling of molten metal.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific Warning Statements are given in 5.1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers magnesium alloys in ingot form for remelting for the manufacture of sand castings, permanent mold castings, investment castings, and die castings. The chemical composition shall conform to the requirements and limits prescribed in the specification. Samples for the chemical analysis may be taken from the molten metal when the ingot is poured or from the ingots.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers magnesium alloys in ingot form for remelting for the manufacture of sand castings, permanent mold castings, investment castings, and die castings.  
Note 1: Supplementary information pertaining to the alloys covered by this specification when used in the form of castings is given in Specifications B80, B94, B199, and B403.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Corrugated aluminum structural plate pipe functions structurally as a flexible ring that is supported by and interacts with the compacted surrounding soil. The soil placed around the structure is thus an integral part of the structural system. It is therefore important to ensure that the soil structure is made up of the acceptable material and well-constructed. Field verification of soil structure acceptability using Test Methods D1556/D1556M, D2167, D6938, or D2937, as applicable, and comparing the results with Test Methods D698 or D1557, in accordance with the specifications for each project, is the most reliable basis for installation of an acceptable structure. The required density and method of measurement are not specified by this practice but must be established in the specifications for each project.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures, soils, and soil placement for the proper installation of corrugated aluminum structural plate culverts and sewers in either trench or embankment installations. A typical trench installation is shown in Fig. 1, and a typical embankment (projection) installation is shown in Fig. 2. Structural plate structures as described herein are those structures factory fabricated in plate form and bolted together on site to provide the required shape, size, and length of structure. This practice applies to structures designed in accordance with Practice B790/B790M.
FIG. 1 Typical Trench Installation  
FIG. 2 Typical Embankment (Projection) Installation  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers magnesium-alloy sheet and plate designated as AZ31B in temper types O, H24, and H26. The sheet and plate shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for magnesium, aluminum, manganese, zinc, calcium, copper, iron, nickel and silicon, and shall meet the specified requirements for the tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation for the corresponding specified thickness. Requirements for chemical analysis and tensile test including sampling are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers magnesium alloys in sheet and plate form designated as shown in Table 1.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standards. The SI units are shown in brackets or in separate tables or columns. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.3 Unless the order specifies the “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the standard procedures for the determination of the thickness of metallic foils, thin sheets, and films by measuring the mass of the specimen of known area and density. The apparatuses needed for this method are a precision blanking press for cutting specimens into circles of a specified area or diameter, and a balance for measuring its mass. The thickness shall then be calculated by using an equation that relates it with the specimen's mass, area, and density.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of metallic foil and sheet 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) and less in thickness by measuring the mass of a specimen of known area and density. The test method is applicable to other sheet, foil, and film as indicated in Annex A3.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended solely for the shear testing of rivets and cold-heading wire and rod, and is not generally recommended for the determination of the shear strength of other products. For rivets, this test method is limited to rivets having a shank length equal to or greater than 2d.
Note 2: The results of shear tests of specimens machined from products other than wire, rod, and rivets may be greatly dependent upon the orientation of the specimen within the original test material, and the direction in which the force is applied relative to the grain flow in the specimen.4 It is recommended that shear strengths of other products be determined by Test Method B769 for products greater than 0.250 in. (6.4 mm) and Test Method B831 for products less than 0.250 in. (6.4 mm). Shear strengths developed by this test method have been shown to vary from those developed by other methods.4 If this test method is used for shear testing of other products, variables such as those described in Test Method B769 should be identified and controlled.  
5.2 The results of shear tests are dependent upon the relative and absolute lengths of specimen which are sheared out, and those which are supported.4 The results of this test method should not be directly compared with those determined in other types of tests in which the methods of loading and supporting the specimen are different.  
5.3 The presence of a lubricant on the surfaces of the specimen and device may result in shear strengths up to 3 % lower than those determined in the absence of lubrication.
Note 3: In order to be able to test rivets having shanks as short as 2d, the supported lengths of the specimen are 1/2 d (Fig. 1), although it is recognized that higher values of shear strength would be obtained if the supporting lengths were longer.  
Note—The tolerance applicable to the diameter of the specimen being shear tested must be recognized in drilling the hole in the device. It is recommended that the dri...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the double shear testing of aluminum and aluminum alloy rivets with round, solid shanks and cold-heading wire and rod.2  
Note 1: Exceptions to this test method may be necessary in individual specifications or methods for tests for a particular material.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice is intended for use in the heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys for general purpose applications. Aluminum alloys are typically heated in air chamber furnaces or molten salt baths. Though lead baths, oil baths, or fluidized beds may be used, uncontrolled heating is not permitted. The furnace temperature uniformity and calibration shall conform to the specified requirements. Preparation for heat treatment of alloys shall follow the racking, spacing, and cleanliness requirements. Solution heat treatment shall follow the recommended soaking times and quenching procedures. Precipitation heat treatment shall conform to the prescribed times, temperatures, and annealing procedures. The alloys shall be subjected to tensile testing, eutectic melting and heat-treat-induced porosity analysis, intergranular corrosion test, and Alclad diffusion test.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys for general purpose applications.  
1.1.1 The heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys used in specific aerospace applications is covered in AMS2772.  
1.1.2 Heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings for general purpose applications is covered in Practice B917/B917M.  
1.2 Times and temperatures appearing in the heat-treatment tables are typical for various forms, sizes, and manufacturing methods and may not provide the optimum heat treatment for a specific item.  
1.3 Some alloys in the 6xxx series may achieve the T4 temper by quenching from within the solution temperature range during or immediately following a hot working process, such as upon emerging from an extrusion die. Such alternatives to furnace heating and immersion quenching are indicated in Table 1, by footnote L, for heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys. However, this practice does not cover the requirements for a controlled extrusion press or hot rolling mill solution heat treatment; it only covers the requirements of artificial aging, annealing and associated pyrometry of those processes for products solution heat treated in accordance with Practices B807/B807M and B947. (Refer to Practice B807/B807M for extrusion press solution heat treatment of aluminum alloys and to Practice B947 for hot rolling mill solution heat treatment of aluminum alloys and associated pyrometry.)  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either Metric or US Customary units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers wire and rod in the alloys and the tempers suitable for manufacturing rivets and other similar items by cold-heading operations. The products covered by this specification shall be produced by extruding, rolling, or drawing, or a combination thereof, at the option of the producer. For heat-treated tempers, an inspection lot shall consist of an identifiable quantity of material of the same mill form, alloy, temper, and nominal diameter traceable to a heat-treat lot or lots, and subjected to inspection at one time. On the other hand, an inspection lot shall consist of an identifiable quantity of material of the same mill form, alloy, temper, and nominal diameter subjected to inspection for non heat-treated tempers. Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the material by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping a representative piece or pieces to obtain a prepared sample. One tension test per specimen shall be taken. Resistance to stress corrosion cracking for each lot of specimen shall be established by testing the previously selected tension-test samples for lot acceptance purposes. Variations from the specified diameter, length, and straightness shall not exceed the permissible variations prescribed. The material shall be supplied in the mill finish and shall conform by the requirements of this specification and shall be commercially sound.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wire and rod in the alloys (Note 1) shown in Table 1 and the tempers shown in Table 2 [Table 3] and Table 4 [Table 5], suitable for manufacturing rivets and other similar items by cold-heading operations.  
Note 1: Throughout this specification the use of the term alloy  in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: For rolled or cold-finished wire and rod, see Specification B211, and for extruded wire and rod, see Specification B221.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 The SI units are shown either in brackets or in separate tables.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice is intended as an aid for establishing a suitable procedure for the heat treatment of magnesium alloys to achieve the proper physical and mechanical properties. Air chamber furnaces that may be either electrically heated, or oil- or gas-fired, are usually used for the heat treatment process. Each furnace must be gas tight, have suitable equipment for protective atmosphere, be equipped with a high-velocity fan or any other comparable means for circulating the atmosphere, and designed so that no direct radiation from the heating elements or impingement of the flame on the magnesium. It is also important that the furnace be calibrated before it is used initially and after any change in the furnace. Likewise, temperature-measurement systems should be regularly checked for accuracy.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended as an aid in establishing a suitable procedure for the heat treatment of magnesium alloys to assure proper physical and mechanical properties.  
1.2 Times and temperatures are typical for various forms, sizes, and manufacturing methods and may not exactly describe the optimum heat treatment for a specific item. Consequently, it is not intended that this practice be used as a substitute for a detailed production process or procedure.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice covers the requirements for the heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings from any casting process such as investment casting, permanent mould casting, sand casting, and others. It excludes castings that are used in specific aerospace applications or those made from wrought aluminum alloys. The aluminum alloys should be subjected to controlled heat treatment using the usual air chamber furnace or other heating media like lead baths, oil baths, fluidized beds, or even superheated steam. Air chambers may be oil or gas fired or may also be electrically heated but the atmosphere inside each should be controlled to prevent porosity. Quenching is normally performed by immersing castings in a hot-water bath. It is important that the furnace be calibrated before it is used initially and after any change in the furnace. Likewise, temperature-measurement systems should be regularly checked for accuracy.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers, when specified by material specification or purchase order, the heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings from all casting processes.  
1.1.1 The heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings used in specific aerospace applications is covered in AMS 2771 and specific AMS material specifications.  
1.1.2 The heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloys is covered in Practice B918/B918M.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers UNS A96061 or A96063 aluminum alloy extruded pipes and tubes intended for use in structural applications. The structural pipes and tubes that may be produced through a bridge/porthole type die or other approved methods are not for use in fluid-carrying applications involving pressure. Both alloys may be extrusion press solution heat treated to produce the specified tempers. Each pipe or tube should be supplied with plain square-cut ends and mill finished unless otherwise specified. Samples for chemical analysis should be taken from the materials by drilling, sawing, turning, or clipping and subjected to suitable chemical or spectrochemical methods of analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum-alloy extruded structural pipe and tube in those selected alloys shown in Table 1 and tempers shown in Table 2, and in those standard sizes shown in Tables 3-5, as well as in other nonstandard sizes as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier. Such pipe and tube is intended for use in structural applications such as highway and bridge rails, chain-link fence posts, handrails, sign structures, awning supports, lighting brackets, etc. Structural pipe and tube is not intended for fluid-carrying applications involving pressure.      
Note 1: For drawn seamless tube used in pressure applications see Specifications B210/B210M, for seamless pipe and seamless extruded tube used in pressure applications see Specifications B241/B241M, and for drawn tube and pipe for general purpose applications see Specification B483/B483M.  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9 (for example, A96061 for alloy 6061 in accordance with Practice E527).  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4.1 Metric Sizes—While this is a combined SI and inch-pound units specification, there are no standard equivalent metric designations for pipe. Metric sizes are converted and shown only for user convenience.  
1.4.2 While this is a combined SI and inch-pound units specification, standard pipe sizes are not applicable to SI units, therefore non-rationalized SI units (soft conversions) are shown for reader convenience. Rationalized [hard converted] SI units are shown in brackets while non-rationalized (soft converted) SI units are shown in parentheses.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers magnesium-alloy investment castings designated as AM100A, AZ81A, AZ91C, AZ91E, AZ92A, EQ21A, EZ33A, K1A, QE22A, ZE41A, and ZK61A. Sufficient stock shall be allowed for shrinkage and, where required, for finishing; but castings of excessive weight shall not be furnished. The castings shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for magnesium, aluminum, manganese, zinc, zirconium, rare earth elements, copper, nickel, silicon, iron, and other impurities, as determined by chemical analysis, and shall meet the specified requirements for the tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Requirements for heat treatment and tensile test are detailed. The castings shall be of uniform quality and condition, free from cracks and other injurious defects, shall be cleaned before inspection by blasting or other approved process, and shall not be repaired by welding, impregnation, peening, or other method unless it is required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers magnesium-alloy investment castings designated as shown in Table 1.    
1.2 Alloy designations are in accordance with Practice E527; temper designations are in accordance with Practice B296.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes the requirements for physical item identification marking of aluminum and magnesium products. Package marking for shipment and inspection acceptance is not within the scope of this standard. Wrought aluminum and magnesium mill products shall be marked for identification purposes only with the following information on the product or on tags attached to the product: (1) name or registered trademark of the company, (2) alloy and temper of the product, (3) basic number of the specification to which the product was produced, (4) specified (ordered) dimensions of the following products: sheet and plate, coiled wire and spooled wire, straight length tube and coiled tube, and pipe, (5) lot number, and (6) the word "seamless" on certain tube or pipe. Spot marking requirements for the following wrought aluminum and magnesium mill products are detailed and illustrated: (1) coiled sheet, (2) flat sheet and plate, (3) circles, (4) tread plate, (5) foil, (6) rod, bar, and extruded profiles, (7) structural profiles, (8) tube and pipe, (9) wire, (10) bus bar, and (11) forgings such as hand and die forgings. Requirements for marking cast aluminum and magnesium products (castings, remelt ingot for castings, and ingot or billet for fabricating), unalloyed aluminum and magnesium ingot, and special products are specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes the physical item marking requirements for identification purposes for aluminum and magnesium products. Package marking for shipment and inspection acceptance is not within the scope of this standard.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aluminum alloy sheets used in the fabrication of corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, culverts, and similar uses. The material is furnished corrugated in cut lengths, and uncorrugated in coils and cut lengths. The sheet material's thickness, chemical composition, and mechanical properties shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum alloy sheets used in the fabrication of corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, culverts, and similar uses. The material is furnished corrugated in cut lengths, and uncorrugated in coils and cut lengths.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Corrugated aluminum pipe functions structurally as a flexible ring which is supported by and interacts with the compacted surrounding soil. The soil constructed around the pipe is thus an integral part of the structural system. It is therefore important to ensure that the soil structure or backfill is made up of acceptable material and is well-constructed. Field verification of soil structure acceptability using Test Methods D1556/D1556M, D2167, D2937, or D6938 as applicable, and comparing the results with Test Method D698 in accordance with the specifications for each project, is the most reliable basis for installation of an acceptable structure. The required density and method of measurement are not specified by this practice, but they must be established in the specifications for each project.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures, soils, and soil placement for the proper installation of corrugated aluminum culverts and storm sewers in either trench or projection installations. A typical trench installation is shown in Fig. 1, and a typical embankment (projection) installation is shown in Fig. 2. The pipes described in this practice are manufactured in a factory and furnished to the job in lengths ordinarily from 10 to 30 ft [3 to 9 m], with 20 ft [6 m] being common, for field joining. This practice applies to structures designed in accordance with Practice B790/B790M.
FIG. 1 Typical Trench Installation  
FIG. 2 Typical Embankment (Projection) Installation  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice covers a system for designating the tempers of magnesium alloys, cast and wrought. The designations for temper are used for all forms of magnesium and magnesium-alloy products except ingots and are based on the sequence of basic treatments used to produce the various tempers. The temper designation follows the alloy designation, the two being separated by a dash.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a system for designating the tempers of magnesium alloys, cast and wrought. The designations used in ASTM specifications under the jurisdiction of Committee B07 for magnesium alloy castings and wrought products conform to this practice.2  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice covers the controls required and standards for extrusion press solution heat treatment for 6xxx and 7xxx series aluminum alloys. For alloys such as 6005, 6005A and 6105 alloys, this practice is an alternative to solution heat treatment in a furnace. This practice only applies to extrusion press solution heat treatment for aluminum alloys and does not cover precipitation hardening (aging) processing. The alloy billets shall be preheated prior to being extruded. Heating methods shall include, but not limited to, induction, flame impingement, or forced air. Pertinent control points shall include billet or log temperature in the heating equipment, billet temperature upon being charged into the press container, container temperature, ram speed, profile configuration, extrudate temperature upon exiting the press platen, extrudate temperature at quench entry, quench media temperature, and quench rate.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes the controls required for extrusion press solution heat treatment of the 6xxx and 7xxx series aluminum alloys in Table 1 when ASTM material specifications allow use of this process in lieu of furnace solution heat treatment. For the alloys listed in Table 1, this practice is an alternate process to solution heat treatment in a furnace, such as specified in Practice B918/B918M for the attainment of T3, T4, T6, T7, T8, and T9-type tempers (see ANSI H35.1/H35.1M).  
1.2 This practice applies only to extrusion press solution heat treatment for aluminum alloys. Precipitation hardening (aging) and annealing processing and equipment calibration shall meet the practice and requirements of Practice B918/B918M.  
1.3 The values stated in either Metric SI units or US Customary units are to be regarded separately as standard. The Metric SI units are shown in brackets or in separate tables. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy die forgings, hand forgings, and rolled ring forgings and includes the following UNS alloy designations: A91100, A92014, A92018, A92025, A92219, A92618, A93003, A94032, A95083, A96061, A96066, A96151, A97049, A97050, A97075, A97076, and A97175. Tempers covered by this specification includes: H112, T4, T6, T61, T73, T74, T7352, T7452, T7454, T652, T852, and H111 as well as F and 01 types. The forgings may be manufactured by pressing, hammering, or rolling, at the option of the producer. Requirements for quality assurance, chemical analysis, tension and hardness tests, heat treatment, heat-treat response, and stress corrosion resistance and stress-corrosion cracking test are detailed. The forgings shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for aluminum, silicon, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, chromium, nickel, zinc, zirconium, and titanium. Forgings having the specified thickness shall meet the requirements specified for the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers aluminum-alloy (Note 1) die forgings, hand forgings, and rolled ring forgings as shown in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 in Section 10 for heat-treatable alloy forgings supplied in the F and 01 tempers. The maximum thicknesses for forgings within the scope of this specification are as indicated in those tables.  
Note 1: Throughout this specification use of the term alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: For forging stock supplied as rolled, cold-finished bar, extruded bar, or rod see Specification B211/B211M.      
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M). The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification B247M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy die forgings, hand forgings, and rolled ring forgings and includes the following UNS alloy designations: A91100, A92014, A92018, A92025, A92219, A92618, A93003, A94032, A95083, A96061, A96066, A96151, A97049, A97050, A97075, A97076, and A97175. Tempers covered by this specification includes: H112, T4, T6, T61, T73, T74, T7352, T7452, T7454, T652, T852, and H111 as well as F and 01 types. The forgings may be manufactured by pressing, hammering, or rolling, at the option of the producer. Requirements for quality assurance, chemical analysis, tension and hardness tests, heat treatment, heat-treat response, and stress corrosion resistance and stress-corrosion cracking test are detailed. The forgings shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for aluminum, silicon, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, chromium, nickel, zinc, zirconium, and titanium. Forgings having the specified thickness shall meet the requirements specified for the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum-alloy (Note 1) die forgings, hand forgings, and rolled ring forgings as shown in Tables 2-4 and in Section 10 for heat-treatable alloy forgings supplied in the F and 01 tempers. The maximum thicknesses for forgings within the scope of this specification are as indicated in those tables.  
Note 1: Throughout this specification use of the term alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
Note 2: For forging stock supplied as rolled or cold-finished bar or rod see Specification B211/B211M. For forging stock supplied as extruded bar or rod see Specification B221M.      
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M). The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 This specification is the SI companion to Specification B247.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard structural profiles for 6061-T6 aluminum-alloy. The profiles are limited to I-beams, H-beams, channels, angles, tees, and zees, which shall be produced by hot extruding only. Chemical composition and tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation shall conform to the limits herein provided. The determination of chemical composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemical or spectrochemical methods. Tensile properties shall be tested with test methods for tension testing wrought and cast aluminum- and magnesium-alloy products.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers extruded 6061-T6 aluminum-alloy standard structural profiles.  
1.2 The profiles are limited to I-beams, H-beams, channels, angles, tees, and zees.  
Note 1: For other extruded profiles in other alloys and tempers refer to Specification B221.  
1.3 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M). The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designation is that in Table 1 preceded by A9, or A96061 for alloy 6061 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.4 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is provided to develop and maintain uniformity in practices for the evaluation of the toughness of aluminum alloys, particularly with regard to supplier qualification, quality assurance, and material release to specifications.  
5.2 It is emphasized that the use of these procedures will not alter the validity of data determined with specific test methods, but provides guidance in the interpretation of test results (valid or invalid) and guidance in the selection of a reasonable test procedure in those instances where no standard exists today.
SCOPE
1.1 Fracture toughness is a key property for a number of aluminum alloys utilized in aerospace and process industries. Fracture toughness testing is often required for supplier qualification, quality control, and material release purposes. The purpose of this practice is to provide uniform test procedures for the industry, pointing out which current standards are utilized in specific cases, and providing guidelines where no standards exist. This practice provides guidance for testing (a) sheet and other products having a specified thickness less than 6.35 mm (0.250 in.), (b) intermediate thicknesses of plate, forgings, and extrusions that are too thin for valid plane-strain fracture toughness testing but too thick for treatment as sheet, such as products having a specified thickness greater than or equal to 6.35 mm (0.250 in.) but less than 25 to 50 mm (1 to 2 in.), depending on toughness level, and (c) relatively thick products where Test Method E399 is applicable.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in inch-pound units given in parenthesis are provided for information purposes only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy drawn seamless tubes in straight lengths and coils for general purpose. The tube shall be produced by drawing an extruded tube made from hollow extrusion ingot (cast in hollow form or pierced) and extruded by the use of the die and mandrel method. The tubes shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified. The determination of chemical composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemical (test methods E 34), or spectrochemical (test methods E 607 and E 1251), methods. The tube shall conform to the tensile property requirements specified. The tension tests shall be made in accordance with test methods B 557M. Flattening test specimens shall be flattened sidewise under a gradually applied load so as to give a uniform radius of bend until the minimum outside diameter under load is not more than F times the wall thickness of the tube as specified. The specimen shall be forced axially with steady pressure over a hardened and polished tapered steel pin having a 74° included angle, to produce a flare having the permanent expanded outside diameter specified. When specified, heat treatment of applicable tempers shall be in accordance with practice B 918. The different methods for leak testing of tubes are presented.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers aluminum and aluminum-alloy drawn seamless tubes in straight lengths and coils for general purpose and pressure applications in alloys (Note 2), tempers, and thicknesses shown in Table 2 [Table 3]. Coiled tubes are generally available only as round tubes with a wall thickness not exceeding 0.083 in. [2.00 mm] and only in non-heat-treatable alloys.    
Wall Thickness, in.
[Wall Thickness, mm]  
Location  
up through 0.100  
surface of tensile sample  
[up through 2.50]  
0.101 and over  
sub-surface after removal of approximately 10 % of thickness  
[over 2.50]  
1.2 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1M. The equivalent Unified Numbering System alloy designations are those of Table 1 preceded by A9, for example, A91100 for aluminum designation 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.  
Note 1: See Specification B483/B483M for aluminum-alloy drawn tubes for general purpose applications; Specification B234 for aluminum-alloy drawn seamless tubes for condensers and heat exchangers; and Specification B241/B241M for aluminum-alloy seamless pipe and seamless extruded tube.
Note 2: Throughout this specification, use of the term alloy in the general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.  
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A2.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.