ASTM D5333-92(1996)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Collapse Potential of Soils

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the magnitude of one-dimensional collapse that occurs when unsaturated soils are inundated with fluid.
1.2 This test method may be used to determine the magnitude of potential collapse that may occur for a given vertical (axial) stress and an index for rating the potential for collapse.
1.3 This test method specifies the technique for specimen preparation, apparatus, and procedure for quantifying the amount of height change associated with collapse and procedures for reporting test results.
1.4 The procedures given in this test method are applicable to both undisturbed and remolded specimens.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-1996
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.05 - Strength and Compressibility of Soils

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5333-03 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Collapse Potential of Soils (Withdrawn 2012)
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5333 – 92 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Collapse Potential of Soils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5333; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope will exhibit settlement (that could be large) after wetting with
no additional increase in stress. Large applied vertical stress is
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mag-
not necessary for collapse.
nitude of one-dimensional collapse that occurs when unsatur-
3.2.2 collapse index (I ), percent—relative magnitude of
e
ated soils are inundated with fluid.
collapse determined at 200 kPa (2 tsf) and calculated using (Eq
1.2 This test method may be used to determine the magni-
1).
tude of potential collapse that may occur for a given vertical
3.2.3 collapse potential (I ), percent—relative magnitude of
c
(axial) stress and an index for rating the potential for collapse.
soil collapse determined at any stress level as follows:
1.3 This test method specifies the technique for specimen
preparation, apparatus, and procedure for quantifying the d 2 d d 2 d d 2 d
f o i o f i
I 5 2 100 5 100 (1)
c F G F G
amount of height change associated with collapse and proce- h h h
o o o
dures for reporting test results.
where:
1.4 The procedures given in this test method are applicable
d 5 dial reading, mm (in.),
to both undisturbed and remolded specimens.
d 5 dial reading at seating stress, mm (in.),
o
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
h 5 initial specimen height, mm (in.),
o
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
d 5 dial reading at the appropriate stress level
f
information only.
after wetting, mm (in.),
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
d 5 dial reading at the appropriate stress level
i
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
before wetting, mm (in.),
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(d −d )/h 5 strain at the appropriate stress level after
f o o
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
wetting, and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(d −d )/h 5 strain at the appropriate stress level before
i o o
wetting.
2. Referenced Documents
Eq 1 may be rewritten in terms of void ratio:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
De
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained I 5 ·100 (2)
c
1 1 e
o
Fluids
D 2216 Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water
where:
De 5 change in void ratio resulting from wetting, and
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock
e 5 initial void ratio.
D 2435 Test Method for One-Dimensional Consolidation
o
Properties of Soils or, since the test is conducted as a one-dimensional test:
D 4829 Test Method for Expansion Index of Soils
Dh
I 5 · 100 (3)
c
h
o
3. Terminology
where:
3.1 Refer to Terminology D 653 for standard definitions of
Dh 5 change in specimen height resulting from wetting,
terms. Additional terms are as follows:
mm (in.) and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
h 5 initial specimen height, mm (in.).
o
3.2.1 collapse—decrease in height of a confined soil fol-
lowing wetting at a constant applied vertical stress. A collaps-
4. Summary of Test Method
ible soil may withstand relatively large applied vertical stress
4.1 The test method consists of placing a soil specimen at
with small settlement while at a low water content, but this soil
natural water content in a consolidometer, applying a prede-
termined applied vertical stress to the specimen and inundating
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil
the specimen with fluid to induce the potential collapse in the
and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.05 on Structural
soil specimen. The fluid should be distilled water when
Properties of Soils.
evaluating the collapse index, I . The fluid may simulate pore
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1992. Published January 1993. e
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08. water of the specimen or other field condition as necessary
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5333
when evaluating collapse potential, I . from undisturbed soil samples. Prepare undisturbed specimens
c
in accordance with guidelines of Test Method D 2435.
5. Significance and Use
7.2 Use relatively undisturbed specimens to determine col-
5.1 Collapsible soils occur widely in the United States and
lapse potential, I . Since collapsible soils are sensitive to
c
worldwide. Collapsible soils are typified by low values of dry sampling methods using fluids, samples shall be taken using
unit weight and natural water content. Engineering works
dry methods. Successful dry sampling methods include the
founded on collapsible soils may be damaged by sudden and double tube auger and hand carved block samples.
often large induced settlements when these soils are saturated
8. Calibration
after construction. Predicting collapse potential is important to
8.1 Assemble and calibrate the consolidometer in accor-
the design of many engineering structures.
dance with Test Method D 2435.
5.2 Collapse potential, I , is used to estimate settlement that
c
may occur in a soil layer at a particular site. I is determined 9. Soil Parameters
c
from (Eq 1) using a predetermined applied vertical stress and
9.1 Soil parameters such as natural water content, mass,
fluids applied to a soil specimen taken from the soil layer.
volume, specific gravity, liquid and plastic limits, and particle
Settlement of a soil layer for the applied vertical stress is
size distribution may be determined following general guid-
obtained by multiplying I by H/100 where H is the thickness
c
ance in Test Method D 2435. The natural and final water
of the soil layer.
content shall be determined in accordance with Test Method
5.2.1 Procedures for estimating potential for collapse are
D 2216.
uncertain because no single criterion can be applied to all
10. Procedure
collapsible soils. For example, some soils may swell after fluid
10.1 Conduct the test in accordance with Test Method
is added to the specimen until sufficient vertical stress has been
D 2435, except as follows:
applied. Collapse may then occur after additional vertical stress
10.1.1 Place the specimen in the loading device immedi-
is applied. This test method may be used to determine the
ately after determining the initial wet mass and height of the
collapse potential, I , of soil at a particular vertical stress or the
c
specimen following compaction or trimming. Enclose the
collapse index, I , at an applied vertical stress of 200 kPa (2
e
specimen ring, filter paper, if any, and porous stones as soon as
tsf). I for smaller applied vertica
...