ASTM F472-11(2017)

Standard Terminology for Geometry of Alpine Skis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 A standard set of definitions is needed to allow manufacturers, consumers, retailers, and scientists to use a common language in describing Alpine skis.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers the terms required to describe the geometry of Alpine skis and does not cover special purpose skis.  
1.2 The terms are presented in a sequence considered to be the most logical, with definitions presented later calling upon those presented earlier.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2016
• ICS: 97.220.20 - Winter sports equipment
• Technical Committee: F27 - Snow and Water Sports
• Drafting Committee: F27.30 - Skiing and Snowboarding Equipment

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F472 − 11 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Terminology for
1
Geometry of Alpine Skis
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF472;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope tail turn-up length, l —the projected length of the tail
T
turn-up,measuredfromtheskitailtothecontactpointwhere
1.1 This terminology covers the terms required to describe
a0.5-mmfeelergaugeintersectstherunningsurfacewiththe
thegeometryofAlpineskisanddoesnotcoverspecialpurpose
ski body pressed against a plane surface.
skis.
shovel length, l —the projected length of the forward turn-up,
1.2 The terms are presented in a sequence considered to be S
measured from the tip to the contact point where a 0.5-mm
the most logical, with definitions presented later calling upon
feeler gauge intersects the running surface with the ski body
those presented earlier.
pressed against a plane surface.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- contact length, l —the difference between the projected
C
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the length, L and the sum of l plus l or l =L −(l + l ).
P T S C P T S
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tail height, h —the height of the underside of the tail from a
T
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
plane surface with the center of the ski body pressed against
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
that surface.
2. Significance and Use
tip height, h —the height of the underside of the tip from a
S
plane surface with the center of the ski body pressed against
2.1 A standard set of definitions is needed to allow
manufacturers, consumers, retailers, and scientists to use a that surface.
common language in describing Alpine skis.
thickness,t—thickness,measuredperpendiculartotherunning
surface. X indicates the location of thickness measurement
3. Definitions (Refer to Figs. 1 and 2) A
from the tail of the ski.
ski tail, T—the extreme rear edge of the ski.
width, b—total distance measured perpendicular to the center
ski tip, S—the extreme forward point or edge of the ski.
line on the running surface. X indicates the location of ski
b
width from the tail of the ski.
ski size—see the following:
heel,b —thewidestpartoftheskiinthetailsectionoftheski.
developed length, L —bottom contour length as measured
H
N
from the ski tip to the ski tail, commonly called the material
waist, b —the narrowest point of the ski body between the
M
length.
heel and shoulder.
chord length, L —straight line distance measured between
TS
shoulder,b —the widest point, of the ski in the shovel section
V
the ski tail and ski tip with the ski pressed against a plane
of the ski.
surface.
X ,X ,X —the x coordinates for the location of these
bH bM bV
DISCUSSION—Either method at the manufacturer’s discretion may be
respectivewidthsoftheskimeasuredfromthetailoftheski.
used to indicate nominal ski length or ski size when rounded to
common increment.
contact surface area—the product of the average width times
the contact length expressed quantitatively as follows:
projected length, L —length of the projection of the ski,
P
measured between the ski tip and the ski tail parallel to the
b 12 b 1b
~ !
H M V
A 5 @l # (1)
F G
C C
ski body pressed against a plane surface.
4
tail surface area—that surface from the tail contact point aft.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on Snow
The tail contact point is located l from the tail.
T
andWater Sports and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on Skiing
and Snowboarding Equipment.
shovel surface area—that surface forward of the shovel
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2017. Originally
contact point. The shovel contact point is located at l from
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F472–11. DOI: S
10.1520/F0472-11R17. the tip.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F472 − 11 (2017)
side camber, W—the maximum distance from a line drawn
between the widest points of the ski and the sidecut of the
ski.
ski body center—point O, which is located at a distance of
l /2+ l from the tail of the ski.
C T
ski forebody—that portion forward of point O, a distance of
l /2.
C
ski afterbody—thatportionoftheskiaftofpointO,adistance
of l /2.
C
ski body—that portion of the ski within the dimensions of l .
C
taper, V—half of the difference between b and b or
V H
(b −b )/2.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F472 − 11 F472 − 11 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Terminology for
1
Geometry of Alpine Skis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F472; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers the terms required to describe the geometry of Alpine skis and does not cover special purpose skis.
1.2 The terms are presented in a sequence considered to be the most logical, with definitions presented later calling upon those
presented earlier.
2. Significance and Use
2.1 A standard set of definitions is needed to allow manufacturers, consumers, retailers, and scientists to use a common language
in describing Alpine skis.
3. Definitions (Refer to Figs. 1 and 2)
ski tail, T—the extreme rear edge of the ski.
ski tip, S—the extreme forward point or edge of the ski.
ski size—see the following:
developed length, L —bottom contour length as measured from the ski tip to the ski tail, commonly called the material length.
N
chord length, L —straight line distance measured between the ski tail and ski tip with the ski pressed against a plane surface.
TS
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on Snow Skiing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on SkisSkiing and
BootsSnowboarding Equipment.
Current edition approved July 15, 2011Jan. 1, 2017. Published August 2011January 2017. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
F472 – 92 (2006).F472 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/F0472-11.10.1520/F0472-11R17.
DISCUSSION—
Either method at the manufacturer’s discretion may be used to indicate nominal ski length or ski size when rounded to common increment.
projected length, L —length of the projection of the ski, measured between the ski tip and the ski tail parallel to the ski body
P
pressed against a plane surface.
tail turn-up length, l —the projected length of the tail turn-up, measured from the ski tail to the contact point where a 0.5-mm
T
feeler gauge intersects the running surface with the ski body pressed against a plane surface.
shovel length, l —the projected length of the forward turn-up, measured from the tip to the contact point where a 0.5-mm feeler
S
gauge intersects the running surface with the ski body pressed against a plane surface.
contact length, l —the difference between the projected length, L and the sum of l plus l or l = L − (l + l ).
C P T S C P T S
tail height, h —the height of the underside of the tail from a plane surface with the center of the ski body pressed against that
T
surface.
tip height, h —the height of the underside of the tip from a plane surface with the center of the ski body pressed against that
S
surface.
thickness, t—thickness, measured perpendicular to the running surface. X indicates the location of thickness measurement from
A
the tail of the ski.
width, b—total distance measured perpendicular to the center line on the running surface. X indicates the location of ski width
b
from the tail of the ski.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F472 − 11 (2017)
FIG. 1 Alpine Ski Locations
FIG. 2 Alpine Ski
heel, b —the widest part of the ski in the tail section of the ski.
H
waist, b —the narrowest point of the ski body between the heel and shoulder.
M
shoulder, b —the widest point, of the ski in the shovel section of the ski.
V
X , X , X —the x coordinates for the location of these respective widths of the ski measured from the tail of the ski.
bH bM bV
contact surface area—the product of the average width times the contact length expressed quantitatively as follows:
~b 12 b 1b !
H M V
A 5 l (1)
F G @ #
C C
4
tail surface area—that surface from the tail contact point aft. The tail contact point is located l from the tail.
T
shovel surface area—that surface forward of the shovel contact point. The shovel contact point is located at l from the tip.
S
running surface—the entire bottom surface of the ski bordered by the side geometry.
side geometry—the configuration of the curve bordering the running surface and defined by the bottom edge.
side cut—that line describing the curved portion of the ski contour limited by the lines at the b and b dimensions, and defined
H V
b
...