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ASTM D1607-91(2011)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)

Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Nitrogen dioxide plays an important role in photochemical smog-forming reactions and, in sufficient concentrations, is deleterious to health, agriculture, materials, and visibility.
In combustion processes, significant amounts of nitric oxide (NO) may be produced by combination of atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen; at ambient temperatures NO can be converted to NO2 by oxygen and other atmospheric oxidants. Nitrogen dioxide may also be generated from processes involving nitric acid, nitrates, the use of explosives, and welding.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the manual determination of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere in the range from 4 to 10 000 μg/m3 (0.002 to 5 ppm(v)) when sampling is conducted in fritted-tip bubblers.
1.2 For concentrations of NO2 in excess of 10 mg/m3 (5 ppm(v)), as occur in industrial atmospheres, gas burner stacks, or automotive exhaust, or for samples relatively high in sulfur dioxide content, other methods should be applied. See for example Test Method D1608.
1.3 The maximum sampling period is 60 min at a flow rate of 0.4 L/min.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 7.2.2 for other precautions.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2011
ICS
13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.03 - Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1607-91(2005) - Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2011
Replaced By
ASTM D1607-91(2018)e1 - Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)
Effective Date
01-Jul-2018

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ASTM D1607-91(2011) - Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)ASTM D1607-91(2011) - Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)
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ASTM D1607-91(2011) - Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1607 − 91 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-
1
Saltzman Reaction)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1607; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
2 Atmospheres
1.1 This test method covers the manual determination of
D1357Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient
nitrogen dioxide (NO ) in the atmosphere in the range from 4
2
3 Atmosphere
to 10 000 µg/m (0.002 to 5 ppm(v)) when sampling is
D1608Test Method for Oxides of Nitrogen in Gaseous
conducted in fritted-tip bubblers.
Combustion Products (Phenol-Disulfonic Acid Proce-
3
1.2 For concentrations of NO in excess of 10 mg/m (5
2
dures)
ppm(v)), as occur in industrial atmospheres, gas burner stacks,
D3195Practice for Rotameter Calibration
or automotive exhaust, or for samples relatively high in sulfur
D3609Practice for Calibration Techniques Using Perme-
dioxide content, other methods should be applied. See for
ation Tubes
example Test Method D1608.
D3631Test Methods for Measuring Surface Atmospheric
Pressure
1.3 The maximum sampling period is 60 min at a flow rate
of 0.4 L/min. E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
3. Terminology
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthistestmethod,referto
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Terminology D1356.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 7.2.2 for
4.1 The NO is absorbed in an azo-dye-forming reagent
2
4
other precautions.
(1). Ared-violetcolorisproducedwithin15min,theintensity
of which is measured spectrophotometrically at 550 nm.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Nitrogendioxideplaysanimportantroleinphotochemi-
D1071Test Methods for Volumetric Measurement of Gas-
cal smog-forming reactions and, in sufficient concentrations, is
eous Fuel Samples
deleterious to health, agriculture, materials, and visibility.
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
5.2 In combustion processes, significant amounts of nitric
oxide (NO) may be produced by combination of atmospheric
nitrogen and oxygen; at ambient temperatures NO can be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient converted to NO by oxygen and other atmospheric oxidants.
2
Atmospheres and Source Emissions.
Nitrogendioxidemayalsobegeneratedfromprocessesinvolv-
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originally
ing nitric acid, nitrates, the use of explosives, and welding.
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1607–91(2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D1607-91R11.
6. Interferences
2
Adaptedfrom“SelectedMethodsfortheMeasurementofAirPollutants,”PHS
Publication No 999-AP-11, May 1965.Asimilar version has been submitted to the
6.1 Aten-foldratioofsulfurdioxide(SO)toNO produces
2 2
Intersociety Committee.
no effect. A thirty-fold ratio slowly bleaches the color to a
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended to
the ASTM website. this method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1607 − 91 (2011)
slight extent.The addition of acetone to the reagent retards the acid mixture, and rinse well with water and redetermine the
fadingbyformingatemporaryadditionproductwithSO .This maximum pore diameter.
2
permits reading the color intensity within 4 to 5 h (instead of
NOTE 1—Caution: Do not dispose of this reagent in the drain system.
the 45 min required without the acetone) without appreciable
7.2.3 Rinse the bubbler thoroughly with water and allow to
losses.
dry before using.
6.2 A five-fol
...

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6.1 A primary use intended for this practice is for qualifying ASTM International Standards as Standard Test Methods. In the past, a “Precision and Bias” report has been required. However, recently a statement of uncertainty has become an acceptable alternative to Guide D3670. Inclusion of such a statement with a method description simplifies comparison of ASTM Test Methods to analogous ISO and Committee for European Normalization (CEN) standards, now required to have uncertainty statements.  
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5.1 Air permits from regulatory agencies often require measurements of opacity from stationary air pollution point sources in the outdoor ambient environment. Opacity has been visually measured by certified smoke readers in accordance with USEPA (USEPA Method 9). DCOT is also a method to determine plume opacity in the outdoor ambient environment.  
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Note 2: In cases of EBL levels, investigation of the total living environment of the child and a pediatric medical evaluation may also be needed. Reference should be made to documents such as Managing Elevated Blood Lead Levels Among Young Children,6 Preventing Lead Poisoning in Young Children (1991),7 the HUD Guidelines, and Screening Young Children for Lead Poisoning (1997).7  
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1.4 This guide contains notes, which are explanatory, and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this guide.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
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Standard Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 ASTM requires the use of SI units in all its publications and their use in reporting atmospheric measurement data. However, there are historic data and even data currently reported that are based on a variety of units of measurement. This practice tabulates factors that are necessary to convert such data to SI and other units of measurement.  
3.2 IEEE/ASTM SI-10 does not list all the conversion factors commonly used in air pollution and meteorological fields. This practice supplements IEEE/ASTM SI-10.  
3.3 The values reported here were obtained from a number of standard publications. They were adjusted to five figures and organized in a rational order. All values reflect the latest information from the 16th General Conference on Weights and Measurements held in 1979.  
3.4 The factors in Table 1 are provided to change units of measurement from one system to related units in other systems, as well as to smaller or larger units in the same system.  
3.5 Values of units in the left column may be converted to values of units in the right column merely by multiplying by the conversion factor provided in the center column.  (A) For specific applications and exceptions, see Terminology D1356.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides units and factors useful for members of the air pollution and meteorological communities.  
1.2 This practice is used together with IEEE/ASTM SI-10, which discusses SI units and contains selected conversion factors for inter-relation of SI units and some commonly used non-metric units.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2914-15(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sulfur Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (West-Gaeke Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur dioxide is a major air pollutant, commonly formed by the combustion of sulfur-bearing fuels. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards (7) that are designed to protect the public health and welfare.  
5.2 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has promulgated exposure limits for sulfur dioxide in workplace atmospheres (8).  
5.3 These methods have been found satisfactory for measuring sulfur dioxide in ambient and workplace atmospheres over the ranges pertinent in 5.1 and 5.2.  
5.4 Method A has been designed to correspond to the EPA-Designated Reference Method (7) for the determination of sulfur dioxide.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the bubbler collection and colorimetric determination of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the ambient or workplace atmosphere.  
1.2 These test methods are applicable for determining SO2 over the range from approximately 25 μg/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) to 1000 μg/m3 (0.4 ppm(v)), corresponding to a solution concentration of 0.03 μg SO2/mL to 1.3 μg SO2/mL. Beer's law is followed through the working analytical range from 0.02 μg SO2/mL to 1.4 μg SO2/mL.  
1.3 The lower limit of detection is 0.075 μg SO2/mL (1),2 representing an air concentration of 25 μg SO2/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) in a 30-min sample, or 13 μg SO2/m3 (0.005 ppm(v)) in a 24-h sample.  
1.4 These test methods incorporate sampling for periods between 30 min and 24 h.  
1.5 These test methods describe the determination of the collected (impinged) samples. A Method A and a Method B are described.  
1.6 Method A is preferred over Method B, as it gives the higher sensitivity, but it has a higher blank. Manual Method B is pH-dependent, but is more suitable with spectrometers having a spectral band width greater than 20 nm.
Note 1: These test methods are applicable at concentrations below 25 μg/m3 by sampling larger volumes of air if the absorption efficiency of the particular system is first determined, as described in Annex A4.
Note 2: Concentrations higher than 1000 μg/m3 can be determined by using smaller gas volumes, larger collection volumes, or by suitable dilution of the collected sample with absorbing solution prior to analysis.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 8.3.1, Section 9, and A3.1.3.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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