ASTM F1920-98(2003)

Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Rack Conveyor, Hot Water Sanitizing, Commercial Dishwashing Machines

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The maximum energy input rate test is used to confirm that the dishwasher is operating at the manufacturer’rated input prior to further testing. This test method also will indicate any problems with the electric power supply, gas service pressure, or steam supply flow or pressure.
Tank and booster temperatures, as well as water consumption, are adjusted to NSF specifications to insure that the test is applied to a properly functioning dishwasher.
Because much of a dishwasher’operating period is spent in the idle condition, tank heater and booster idle energy consumption rate(s) are important parts of predicting dishwasher’energy consumption.
The washing energy test determines energy usage per rack. This is useful both as a measure for comparing the energy performance of one dishwasher to another and as a predictor of the dishwashers energy consumption.
Water-consumption characterization is useful for estimating water and sewage costs associated with dishwashing machine operation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the energy consumption of rack conveyor, hot water sanitizing, commercial dishwashing machines, hereafter referred to as dishwashers. It excludes rack conveyor, chemical sanitizing, commercial dishwashing machines, and dishwashers with multiple tanks and prewashing sections. This test method also excludes single temperature rack conveyor dishwashing machines. Dishwasher tank heaters are evaluated separately from the booster heater. This procedure does not address cleaning or sanitizing performance.
1.2 The following procedures are included in this test method:
1.2.1 Procedures to Confirm Dishwasher is Operating Properly Prior to Performance Testing:
1.2.1.1 Maximum energy input rate of the tank heaters (10.2).
1.2.1.2 Maximum energy input rate of the booster heater, if applicable (10.3).
1.2.1.3 Final sanitizing rinse water consumption calibration (10.4).
1.2.1.4 Booster temperature calibration, if applicable (10.5).
1.2.1.5 Wash tank temperature calibration (10.6).
1.2.1.6 Wash tank pump and conveyor motor calibration (10.7).
1.2.2 Energy Usage and Cycle Rate Performance Tests:
1.2.2.1 Washing energy performance test (10.8).
1.2.2.2 Tank heater idle energy rate (10.9).
1.2.2.3 Booster idle energy rate, if provided (10.10).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2003
• ICS: 97.040.01 - Kitchen equipment in general
• Technical Committee: F26 - Food Service Equipment
• Drafting Committee: F26.06 - Productivity and Energy Protocol

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F1920-98 - Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Rack Conveyor, Hot Water Sanitizing, Commercial Dishwashing Machines
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM F1920-07 - Standard Test Method for Performance of Rack Conveyor, Commercial Dishwashing Machines
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2007
• Referred By: ASTM F859-21 - Standard Specification for Heat-Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines, Multiple Tank, Conveyor Rack Type
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2916-19 - Standard Practice for Environmental Impact Analysis of Commercial Food Service Equipment
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2687-13(2019) - Standard Practice for Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Commercial Food Service Equipment
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F858-18 - Standard Specification for Hot Water Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines, Single Tank, Conveyor Rack Type
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:F1920–98(Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
Energy Performance of Rack Conveyor, Hot Water
Sanitizing, Commercial Dishwashing Machines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1920; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This test method evaluates the energy consumption of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rack conveyor, hot water sanitizing, commercial dishwashing
machines,hereafterreferredtoasdishwashers.Itexcludesrack
2. Referenced Documents
conveyor, chemical sanitizing, commercial dishwashing ma-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
chines, and dishwashers with multiple tanks and prewashing
D 3588 Practice for Calculating Calorific Heat Value, Com-
sections. This test method also excludes single temperature
pressibilityFactor,andRelativeDensityofGaseousFuels
rack conveyor dishwashing machines. Dishwasher tank heaters
F 858 Specification for Hot Water Sanitizing Commercial
are evaluated separately from the booster heaters. Dishwashers
Dishwashing Machines, Single Tank, Conveyor Rack
may have remote or self-contained booster heater. This proce-
Type
dure does not address cleaning or sanitizing performance.
F 861 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing Racks
1.2 The following procedures are included in this test
2.2 NSF Standards:
method:
ANSI/NSF 3–1996 Commercial Spray-Type Dishwashing
1.2.1 Procedures to Confirm Dishwasher is Operating
and Glasswashing Machines
Properly Prior to Performance Testing:
NSF, Listings-Food Equipment and Related Products, Com-
1.2.1.1 Maximum energy input rate of the tank heaters
ponents and Materials
(10.2).
2.3 ASHRAE Standard:
1.2.1.2 Maximum energy input rate of the booster heater, if
ASHRAE Guideline 2–1986 (RA90) Engineering Analysis
applicable (10.3).
of Experimental Data
1.2.1.3 Final sanitizing rinse water consumption calibration
(10.4).
3. Terminology
1.2.1.4 Booster temperature calibration, if applicable (10.5).
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2.1.5 Wash tank temperature calibration (10.6).
3.1.1 booster heater, n—water heater for taking supply hot
1.2.1.6 Wash tank pump and conveyor motor calibration
water (typically 140°F) up to 180°F+ for sanitizing rinse; the
(10.7).
booster heater may be separate from dishwasher or integral.
1.2.2 Energy Usage and Cycle Rate Performance Tests:
3.1.2 cycle rate, n—maximum production rate of a dish-
1.2.2.1 Washing energy performance test (10.8).
washer when washing dishloads in accordance with the Cycle
1.2.2.2 Tank heater idle energy rate (10.9).
Rate Performance test.
1.2.2.3 Booster idle energy rate, if provided (10.10).
3.1.3 dishload, n—a peg-type, polypropylene dishrack of a
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
specified weight, loaded with ten 9-in. plates of a specified
as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informa-
weight,usedtoputathermalloadonthedishwasherduringthe
tion only.
washing energy test.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.06.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.08.
1 4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.06 on Arbor, MI 48113-0140.
Productivity and Energy Protocol. Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F 1920 – 98. 30329.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F1920–98 (2003)
3.1.4 dishwasher, n—for this test method, dishwasher is 5.2 Tank and booster temperatures, as well as water con-
defined as a rack conveyor, hot-water sanitizing, commercial sumption, are adjusted to NSE specifications to insure that the
dishwashing machine. test is applied to a properly functioning dishwasher.
3.1.5 empty dish rack, n—a dish rack without any dishware 5.3 Because much of a dishwasher’s operating period is
placed in the dish rack. Two empty dish racks are run through spent in the idle condition, tank heater and booster idle energy
the dishwasher prior to washing the first dishload to condition consumption rate(s) are important parts of predicting dish-
the dishwasher for testing as specified in the Washing Energy washer’s energy consumption.
Test (see 10.8). 5.4 The washing energy test determines energy usage per
3.1.6 ready temperature, n—the dishwasher tank tempera- rack.This is useful both as a measure for comparing the energy
ture that is hot enough to start washing the next room performance of one dishwasher to another and as a predictor of
temperature dishload and not drop the tank temperature below the dishwashers energy consumption.
the required minimum tank temperature. 5.5 Water-consumption characterization is useful for esti-
3.1.7 recovery time, n—the time from the end of washing a mating water and sewage costs associated with dishwashing
dishload to until the wash tank temperature is back up to a machine operation.
(ready) temperature high enough to start washing the next
6. Apparatus
dishload.
6.1 1 or 2 Wh Meters, for measuring the electrical energy
3.1.8 tank heater idle rate, n—rate of energy consumed by
consumption of the tank heaters, pump motor, and booster
thedishwasherwhile“holding”or“idling”thewashtankwater
heater, if applicable, shall have a resolution of at least 10 Wh
at the thermostat(s) set point during the time period specified.
and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 1.5 % of the
3.1.9 uncertainty, n—measure of systematic and precision
measured value for any demand greater than 100 W. For any
errors in specified instrumentation or measure of repeatability
demand less than 100W, the meter shall have a resolution of at
of a reported test result.
least 10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 10 %.
4. Summary of Test Method
6.2 1 or 2 Gas Meters, for measuring the gas consumption
of tank heater, or booster heater, if applicable, or both, shall
4.1 The maximum energy input rate of the tank heater and
3 3
have a resolution of at least 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ), and a
theboosterheater,ifapplicable,ismeasuredtoconfirmthatthe
maximum uncertainty no greater than 1 % of the measured
dishwasherisoperatingatthemanufacturer’sratedinput.Ifthe
3 3
value for any demand greater than 2.2 ft /h (0.06 m /h). If the
measured input rate is not with 5 % of the rated input, all
meter is used for measuring the gas consumed by pilot lights,
further testing ceases, and the manufacturer shall be contacted.
3 3
it shall have a resolution of a least 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and
The manufacturer may make appropriate changes or adjust-
3 3
have a maximum uncertainty of at least 0.01 ft (0.0003 m )
ments to the dishwasher.
and have a maximum uncertainty no greater than 2 % of the
NOTE 1—It is the intent of the testing procedure herein to evaluate the
measured value.
performance of a dishwasher at its rated gas pressure or electric voltage.
6.3 1 or 2 Steam Flow Meters, for measuring the flow of
If an electrical unit is rated dual voltage, that is, designed to operate at
steam to tank heaters and or booster heater, if applicable, shall
either 208 or 240 V with no change in component, the voltage selected by
3 3
have a resolution of 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ), and a maximum
the manufacturer or the tester, or both, shall be reported. If a dishwasher
is designed to operate at two voltages without a change in the resistance
uncertainty of 1 % of the measured value.
of the heating elements, the performance of the unit, for example, cycle
6.4 Pressure Gage, for measuring pressure of steam to
rate, may differ at the two voltages.
steam coils and steam injector, shall have a resolution of 0.5
4.2 Wash tank and booster temperatures are calibrated to psig (3.4 kPa), and a maximum uncertainty of 1 % of the
manufacturer’s recommendations.
measured value.
4.3 Water consumption is adjusted in accordance with 6.5 Canopy Exhaust Hood or Vent Cowl Exhaust Ducts,
manufacturer’s specifications.
measured in agreement with manufacturers requirements. Vent
4.4 The tank heater energy rate is determine at idle, that is, cowl exhaust ducts shall operate at a nominal 200 cfm (94.4
when the tank temperature is being maintained, but no washing
L/s)onentrancesideofdishwasherand400cfm(188.8L/s)on
is taking place. exit side or in accordance with manufacturer’s recommenda-
4.5 Booster heater idle energy rate is determined. tion, if applicable. Canopy exhaust hood shall use a 3-ft by 6-ft
4.6 Dishwasher and booster energy consumption per rack of configuration operating at the dishwashing machine manufac-
dishes is determined by washing ten racks loaded with a turer’sspecifiedventilationrate.Reporttheventilationrateand
specified quantity of dishes. ventilation exhaust type.
4.7 Water consumption (gal/h (L/h)) is monitored during 6.6 Pressure Gage, for monitoring natural gas pressure,
testing to determine the rate of water usage. shall have a range of 0 to 10 in. H O (zero to 2.5 kPa), a
resolution of 0.1 in. H O (125 Pa), and a maximum uncertainty
5. Significance and Use
of 1 % of the measured value.
5.1 The maximum energy input rate test is used to confirm 6.7 Temperature Sensor, for measuring natural gas tempera-
that the dishwasher is operating at the manufacturer’s rated ture in the range of 50 to 100°F (10 to 40°C), with a resolution
inputpriortofurthertesting.Thistestmethodalsowillindicate of 0.5°F (0.3°C) and an uncertainty of 61 °F (0.5°C).
any problems with the electric power supply, gas service 6.8 Barometer, for measuring absolute atmospheric pres-
pressure, or steam supply flow or pressure. sure, to be used for adjustment of measured natural gas volume
F1920–98 (2003)
to standard conditions, shall have a resolution of 0.2 in. Hg 6 5°F within the testing environment when the exhaust
(670 Pa), and an uncertainty of 0.2 in. Hg (670 Pa). ventilation system is working and the appliance is being
6.9 Flow Meter, for measuring water consumption of the operated.
dishwasher. Shall have a resolution of 0.01 gal (40 mL), and an 9.2 Install the booster heater, if it is not integral to the
uncertainty of 0.01 gal (40 mL), at flow rate as low as 0.2 gpm
dishwasher, in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommen-
(13 mL/s). dations. The pipe from the booster outlet to the dishwasher
6.10 Stop Watch, with a 0.1-s resolution.
inlet shall be minimized and shall be wrapped with ⁄2-in.
6.11 Analytical Balance Scale, or equivalent, for measuring insulation along its entire length.
weight of dishes and dish racks used in the dishload energy
9.3 Connect the booster to a supply of water, which is
test. It shall have a resolution of 0.01 lb (5 g) and an
within 63°F of its input temperatures, not to exceed 140 6
uncertainty of 0.01 lb (5 g).
3°F.
6.12 Calibrated Exposed Junction Thermocouple Probes,
9.4 Connectthedishwasherandboostertocalibratedenergy
with a range from -20 to 400°F (-30 to 200°C), with a
test meters.The dishwasher and booster shall not be monitored
resolutionof0.2°F(0.1°C)andanuncertaintyof1.0°F(0.5°C),
as one energy load. Separate monitoring will broaden the
for measuring tank temperature, booster and dishwater inlet
usefulness of the data and enhance the accuracy of the results.
temperatures. Calibrated K-type 24-GA thermocouple wire
9.5 For gas installations, install a pressure regulator (down-
with stainless steel sheath and ceramic insulation is the
stream from the meter) to maintain a constant (manifold)
recommended choice for measuring the booster and dishwater
pressure of gas supplied to the dishwasher and booster heater,
inlet temperatures.The thermocouple probe can be fed through
if applicable, for all tests. Install instrumentation to record both
a compression fitting so as to submerge exposed junction in
the pressure and temperature of the gas supplied to the
booster and dishwasher inlets.
dishwasher and the barometric pressure during each test so that
6.13 Dishracks, 12, Metro Mdl P2MO, 20-in. 3 20-in.,
the measured gas flow can be corrected to standard conditions.
peg-type, commercial or acceptable equivalent. Each shall
9.6 Forelectrictankheatersandboosters,confirm,whilethe
weigh 4.6 6 0.1 lb, and used in the Washing Energy Test (see
elements are energized, that the supply voltage is within
10.8).
62.5 % of the operating voltage specified by the manufacturer.
6.14 Plates, 100, 9-in., ceramic glazed plates, weighing an
If it is not, a voltage regulator may be required during the tests.
average of 1.3 6 0.05 lb each. If plates meeting this criteria
Record the test voltage for each test.
cannotbeobtained,thenitwillbenecessarytoacquiresaucers,
9.7 For gas tank heaters and boosters, during maximum
as specified in 6.15. See 9.11 prior to obtaining these plates.
energy input, adjust the gas supply pressure downstream from
the appliance’s pressure regulator to within 62.5 % of the
NOTE 2—Inter-Americant mdl #132 are within the specified weight
range and are inexpensive. operating manifold pressure specified by the manufacturer.
Make adjustments to the dishwasher following the manufac-
6.15 Saucers, 20, glazed saucers, weighing less than 0.5 lb
turer’s recommendations for optimizing combustion, as appli-
each. See 9.11 for an explanation of why these may be
cable.
required.
9.8 Install the flow meter (6.9), such that total water flow to
6.16 SurfaceTemperatureThermocoupleProbe,formeasur-
the booster and dishwasher is measured.
ing dish plates and dishracks temperatures. Resolution and
9.9 Install a temperature sensor(s) (6.12) in the wash tank
uncertainty shall be the same as in 6.12.
near the thermostat bulb.
7. Sampling
9.10 Install a temperature sensor (6.12) in the dishwasher
final rinse water manifold and in the booster inlet. The sensors
7.1 Dishwasher—A representative production model shall
should be installed with the probe immersed in the water.
be selected for performance testing.
NOTE 3—Install the thermocouple probes described in 6.12 into final
8. Materi
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