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ASTM C1364-02

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Architectural Cast Stone

Standard Specification for Architectural Cast Stone

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the physical requirements, sampling, testing, and visual inspection of architectural cast stone.
1.2 Units covered by this specification may be made from facing and backup mixtures or from a homogeneous mixture. Either wet cast or dry cast production methods may be used.
1.3 Surface textures, finish, color, or other special features should be specified separately by the purchaser.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-2002
ICS
91.080.30 - Masonry
Technical Committee
C27 - Precast Concrete Products
Drafting Committee
C27.20 - Architectural and Structural Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1364-97 - Standard Specification for Architectural Cast Stone
Effective Date
10-Sep-2002
Replaced By
ASTM C1364-03 - Standard Specification for Architectural Cast Stone
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM E2392/E2392M-10(2016) - Standard Guide for Design of Earthen Wall Building Systems
Effective Date
10-Sep-2002

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ASTM C1364-02 - Standard Specification for Architectural Cast StoneASTM C1364-02 - Standard Specification for Architectural Cast Stone
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ASTM C1364-02 - Standard Specification for Architectural Cast Stone
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 1364 – 02
Standard Specification for
1
Architectural Cast Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1364; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C 1194 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Architec-
5
tural Cast Stone
1.1 This specification covers the physical requirements,
C 1195 Test Method for Absorption of Architectural Cast
sampling, testing, and visual inspection of architectural cast
5
Stone
stone.
D 1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
1.2 Units covered by this specification may be made from
6
Differences of Diffusely Illuminated Opaque Materials
facing and backup mixtures or from a homogeneous mixture.
D 2244 Test Method for Calculation of Color Differences
Either wet cast or dry cast production methods may be used.
6
from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
1.3 Surface textures, finish, color, or other special features
should be specified separately by the purchaser.
3. Terminology
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1 Definitions:
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.1.1 cast stone, n—an architectural precast concrete build-
information only.
ing unit intended to simulate natural cut stone.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 dry cast concrete products, n—manufactured from
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
zero slump concrete.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 wet cast concrete products, n—manufactured from
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
measurable slump concrete.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Materials and Design
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Raw Materials—Materials shall conform to the follow-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing specifications:
A 615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-
2
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C 150.
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
3 4.1.2 Aggregates—Specification C 33, except for grading
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
4
requirements.
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
4.1.3 Coloring Pigment—Specification C 979, except that
C 260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-
3
carbon black pigment shall not be used.
crete
3 4.1.4 Reinforcement—Specification A 615/A 615M.
C 494 Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
4.1.5 Chemical Admixtures—Chemical admixtures shall
C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
conform to the following applicable specifications:
Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in
3 4.1.5.1 Air Entraining Admixtures—Specification C 260.
Concrete
4.1.5.2 Water Reducing and Accelerating Admixtures—
C 666 Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid
3 Specification C 494.
Freezing and Thawing
4.1.5.3 Other Constituents—Integral water repellents and
C 979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored
3 other chemicals for which no ASTM standard exists shall be
Concrete
previously established as suitable for use in concrete by proven
C 989 Specification for Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace
3 field performance or through laboratory testing.
Slag for Use in Concrete and Mortars
4.1.6 Ground Slag—Specification C 989.
4.1.7 Fly Ash—Specification C 618, except for use in sur-
faces intended to be exposed to view.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast
4.2 Design—Samples shall be submitted for approval of
Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.20 on
color and texture. The manufacturer shall prepare drawings for
Architectural and Structural Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally
approval showing shapes, sizes, reinforcement, exposed faces,
published as C 1364 – 97. Last pervious edition C – 97.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
4 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C1364–02
and anchorage provisions. The purchaser or his authorized cycles are completed or the mass lost is at least 10 %,
representative shall approve the samples and dra
...

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This specification establishes the physical requirements, sampling, testing, and visual inspection of architectural cast stone that may be made from facing and backup mixtures or from a homogeneous mixture, produced either by wet or dry casting. Conformances for raw materials, Portland cement, aggregates, coloring pigment, reinforcement, chemical admixtures, air entraining admixtures, water reducing and accelerating admixtures, ground slag, fly ash or natural pozzolan, and other consituents shall be precisely observed. Products shall also conform to specified physical and performance requirements such as compressive strength, cold water absorption, boiling water absorption, air content, field testing, resistance to freezing and thawing, and linear drying shrinkage.
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1.1 This specification includes the physical properties, sampling, testing, tolerance, and appearance requirements for architectural cast stone.  
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1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of cement-based adhered masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of cement-based adhered masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670/C1670M or C1877. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) publication Installation Guide and Detailing Options for Compliance with ASTM C1780 for Adhered Manufactured Stone Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing for manufactured stone veneer.
Note 2: This standard was developed for the installation of cement-based adhered veneer units manufactured from wet-cast concrete or dry-cast concrete. Refer to Guide C1242 for installation of adhered natural stone veneer.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification includes the physical properties, sampling, testing, tolerance, and appearance requirements for architectural cast stone.  
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Standard Test Methods for Strength of Anchors in Masonry

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4.1 These test methods are intended to provide reproducible data from which acceptance criteria, design data, and specifications can be developed for anchors intended to be installed in masonry assemblies.
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1.1 These test methods address the tensile and shear strengths of post-installed and placed-during-construction anchors in masonry test specimens made of masonry assemblies. Environmental exposures include freezing and thawing, moisture, decreased and elevated temperatures and corrosion. These test methods provide basic testing procedures for use with product-specific evaluation and acceptance standards and are intended to be performed in a testing laboratory. Product-specific evaluation and acceptance standards may add specific details and appropriate parameters as needed to accomplish the testing. Only those tests required by the specifying authority need to be performed.  
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1.6 Both inch-pound and SI units are provided in this standard. The testing may be performed in either system and reported in that system and the results converted to the other. However, anchor diameters, threads, and related testing equipment shall be in accordance with either inch-pound or SI provisions.  
1.7 Units—The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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4.1 Masonry specimens are sometimes removed as part of an assessment of the condition of masonry construction. Such specimens are commonly prepared for shipment to a laboratory where the specimens are assessed with visual techniques, petrographic techniques, or standard test methods. The process of selecting, removing, and shipping the specimens can have an effect on test results. This practice provides procedures for selecting, removing, and shipping masonry specimens removed from existing construction.  
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ASTM C1531-22(Test Method)
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5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating the horizontal in-plane shear behavior of mortar joints in existing unreinforced masonry assemblies (see Note 2).
Note 2: The masonry mortar joint shear strength index obtained by this test method can be related to the masonry wall shear strength by relationships contained in referencing Codes and Standards. For example, formulas relating shear index to wall shear strength are found in Chapter A1 of the International Existing Building Code and Chapter 11 of the Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings, ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 41. The user of this standard is cautioned that these shear strength relationships are typically empirical relationships based on tests of early 20th-century unreinforced brick masonry. These relationships typically assume that wall shear strength is limited by shear of the mortar joints rather than shear through the units  
5.2 For hollow ungrouted or solid unit masonry construction the shear strength index is measured only for the mortar bed joints vertically adjacent to the unit being tested. When testing hollow ungrouted masonry construction, the shear strength index is based on the horizontal interface between the mortar and the test unit and the masonry above and below the test unit. In the case of multi-wythe construction, the measured mortar joint shear strength index is applicable only to the wythe in which the test unit is located; no headers shall exist immediately above or below the test unit. The contribution of any existing collar joint mortar to the measured shear strength index is neglected, and this may lead to an overestimate of the shear strength index (see Note 3).
Note 3: Some documents that reference this test method, including ASCE/SEI 41, include a reduction factor to account for the contribution of a filled collar joint to the measured shear strength index.  
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FIG. 1 Test Setup—Method A  
Note 1: A paper2 by Francesco Graziotti et. al of Univ. of Pavia included in ASTM STP 1612 discusses alternative methods for interpreting Method A testing results.  
1.1.2 Method B (without Flatjacks Controlling Normal Compressive Stress)—For determining mortar joint shear strength index when using an estimate of the normal compressive stress at the location of the test site. Horizontal displacement of the test unit is not monitored during this procedure. The test set up for Method B is shown in Fig. 2.
FIG. 2 Test Setup—Method B  
1.1.3 Method C (with Flatjack Applying Horizontal Load)—For determining mortar joint shear strength index using an estimate of the normal compressive stress at the location of the test site, as shown in Fig. 3. Horizontal displacement of the test unit is generally not measured during this procedure.
FIG. 3 Test Setup—Method C  
1.2 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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Specification covers masonry joint reinforcements fabricated from cold-drawn steel wires. It specifies that joint reinforcement consists of longitudinal wires welded to cross wires. Wire used in the manufacture of masonry joint reinforcement shall be round. Masonry joint reinforcement shall then be assembled by automatic machines or by other suitable mechanical means that will assure accurate spacing and alignment of all members of the finished product. Longitudinal and cross wires shall be securely connected at every intersection by an electric-resistance welding process and then it shall be deformed. Tension, weld shear strength, and bend tests shall be performed on the samples. When corrosion protection of joint reinforcement has been provided, it shall be either zinc coated mill or hot-dip galvanized.
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1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.  
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ASTM C1715/C1715M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Water Leakage Performance of Masonry Wall Drainage Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is suitable for use on walls to determine the ability of masonry wall drainage systems to collect water penetrating the exterior wythe and to direct this water back to the exterior surface of the exterior wythe. Removal of a portion of the interior wall finishes is desirable to observe leakage into backup walls. Even with removal of interior finishes, in many cases it is not practical to observe surfaces behind spandrel beams, columns, or other obstructions. Potential areas where leakage may occur but that are not visible during the test shall be considered when interpreting the results of the test and shall be recorded in the report.  
5.2 This test method is suitable for use on mock-up walls to determine the performance of masonry wall drainage systems.  
5.3 This test method is suitable for evaluating the effectiveness of flashing repairs.
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1.1 This test method describes a standard procedure for determining the ability of masonry wall drainage systems to collect water that penetrates the exterior masonry wythe during rainstorms and to direct this water back to the exterior surface of the wall.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to wall systems that contain an exterior masonry wythe with a drainage zone on the interior face of the exterior wythe. It is not applicable to single-wythe drainage walls.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to masonry barrier walls or other masonry walls that are designed without drainage zones behind the exterior wythe.  
1.4 This test method covers the application of the testing using either inch-pound or SI units. The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Masonry Wall Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This non-destructive test method contains procedures and equipment requirements to quantitatively determine the surface penetration of water at a single location on a masonry wall. The test method is not designed to determine the overall water penetration and leakage of a masonry system.  
4.2 Excessive water penetration of masonry may degrade masonry wall performance with respect to thermal conductivity, durability, efflorescence, staining, corrosion of embedded metal items, and water leakage.  
4.3 This test may be used to measure the rate of surface water penetration for in-situ masonry and field mockups. Common applications of this method have been comparison of water penetration rates of walls before and after repairs, and testing the efficacy of coatings. Alternative procedures are also provided to simulate the effect of local climatology on water penetration of masonry wall surfaces.  
4.4 The outer surface of all masonry walls will experience water penetration when subjected to wind-driven rain. The resistance to water penetration is dependent on materials, workmanship, design, and maintenance. Some wall types accommodate large volumes of water penetration, without deleterious effects, through the presence of properly designed and installed drainage systems including flashing and weep holes. Use of this standard without consideration of the overall wall system may lead to incorrect conclusions regarding performance.  
4.5 It is the intent of this standard that a sheet of water be developed and maintained on the wall surface during testing. In some cases, due to the surface texture of the masonry, the application of a coating, or other factors, a sheet of water will not consistently form. In those cases, results of this test method will likely be inaccurate.  
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1.1 This test method covers the field determination of water penetration of a masonry wall surface under specific water flow rate and air pressure conditions. This test is intended for use on any masonry wall surface that can be properly instrumented and tested within the requirements of this standard. This test method is not identical to and the results are not the same as laboratory standard Test Method E514/E514M. Test Method E514/E514M measures through-wall water penetration, whereas this test method only measures surface water penetration.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Strength of Individual Stone Anchorages in Dimension Stone

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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1.2 This test method is applicable to stone panels supported by mechanical anchors.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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