ASTM D4381/D4381M-12

Standard Test Method for Sand Content by Volume of Bentonitic Slurries (Withdrawn 2021)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the amount of sand by volume in bentonitic slurry. The significance of this test method mainly relates to bentonitic slurries used for concrete wall construction. The range of measurement is too limited for use in cement bentonite wall construction.Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard depends on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities being used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sand content of bentonitic slurries used in slurry construction techniques. This test method has been modified from API Recommended Practice 13B.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The SI units are given in brackets.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2012
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.16 - Grouting

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4381/D4381M − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Sand Content by Volume of Bentonitic Slurries
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4381/D4381M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sand 3.1 Definitions:
content of bentonitic slurries used in slurry construction 3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method,
techniques. This test method has been modified from API refer to Terminology D653.
Recommended Practice 13B.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 The glass measuring tube of the sand-screen set (Fig. 1)
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each is filled with bentonitic slurry and water to the appropriate
marks and is shaken. The mixture is poured through the wet
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance screen. The funnel is fitted over the top of the screen and the
assembly inverted, inserting the tip of the funnel into the glass
with the standard. The SI units are given in brackets.
measuring tube.All material is washed from the screen and the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
amount of sand read in the graduated tube, as percent by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
volume.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 This test method is used to determine the amount of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- sand by volume in bentonitic slurry. The significance of this
test method mainly relates to bentonitic slurries used for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- concrete wall construction. The range of measurement is too
limited for use in cement bentonite wall construction.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
NOTE1—Thequalityoftheresultproducedbythisstandarddependson
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the
equipment and facilities being used. Agencies that meet the criteria of
2. Referenced Documents
Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are
cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740
Fluids
provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
6. Apparatus
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
6.1 Sand-Content Set (see Fig. 1), consisting of the follow-
2.2 American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard:
ing:
API RP13B Recommended Practice Standard Procedure for
3
6.1.1 Sieve, No. 200 mesh [75-µm], 2 in. [50 mm] in
Testing Drilling Fluids
diameter.
6.1.2 Funnel, to fit screen and glass measuring tube.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
6.1.3 Measuring Tube, glass tube should be marked from 0
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.16 on Grouting.
to 20 % by volume.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4381 – 06. DOI:
NOTE 2—Volume of sand, including void spaces between grains, is
10.1520/D4381_D4381M-12.
measured and expressed as percent by volume of bentonitic slurry.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 7. Procedure
the ASTM website.
3
7.1 Fill the glass measuring tube to the designated mark
Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,
Washington, DC 20005-4070, http://www.api.org. with bentonitic slurry.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D4381/D4
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4381 − 06 D4381/D4381M − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Sand Content by Volume of Bentonitic Slurries
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4381;D4381/D4381M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sand content of bentonitic slurries used in slurry construction techniques.
This test method has been modified from API Recommended Practice 13B.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The SI units are given in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
2.2 American Petroleum Institute (API) Standard:
3
API RP 13B Recommended Practice Standard Procedure for Testing Drilling Fluids
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method, refer to Terminology D653.Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method, refer to Terminology D653.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The glass measuring tube of the sand-screen set (Fig. 1) is filled with bentonitic slurry and water to the appropriate marks
and is shaken. The mixture is poured through the wet screen. The funnel is fitted over the top of the screen and the assembly
inverted, inserting the tip of the funnel into the glass measuring tube. All material is washed from the screen and the amount of
sand read in the graduated tube, as percent by volume.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method evaluates is used to determine the amount of sand by volume in bentonitic slurry. The significance of this
test method mainly relates to bentonitic slurries used for concrete wall construction. The range of measurement is too limited for
use in cement bentonite wall construction.
NOTE 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard depends on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the
equipment and facilities being used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing,
sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable
results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on Hydrologic Properties
and Hydraulic Barriers.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006June 1, 2012. Published December 2006August 2012. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as
D4381–84(2006).D4381–06. DOI: 10.1520/D4381-06.10.1520/D4381_D4381M-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from the American Petroleum Institute, 2101 L St., NW, Washington, DC 20037.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D4381/D4381M − 12
NOTE 1—Photo courtesy of N. L. Baroid–N. L. Industries, Inc., Houston, TX.
FIG. 1 Sand-Content Set
6. Apparatus
6.1 Sand-Content Set (see Fig. 1), consisting of the following:
6.1.1 Sieve, No. 200 mesh (75-μm), 2 in. (50 mm)[50 mm] in diameter.
6.1.2 Funnel, to fit screen and glass measuring tube.
6.1.3 Measuring Tube, g
...